Larabawa (lat. Arabis), ko rezha - ciyawar perenni na dangi Fastoci ko Kabeji. Asalin sunan yana da alaƙa da ma'anar "Arabia" ko "Arabia", a cewar wasu bayanan - tare da Girkanci "arabos", wanda ke fassara a matsayin "niƙa".
Yankunan tsaunukan Turai, Gabas ta Tsakiya da gabashin Asiya ana daukarsu a matsayin ƙasa. Yana girma a cikin tsaunin tsaunin Afrika, kuma a cikin yanki mai sanyin sanyi. Sunan na biyu - an baiwa furen dajin don wahalar gashi, ganyen gashi mai launin kore da rauni mai laushi.
Suna dasa ta ko'ina a cikin gadaje iri-iri. Furen yana girma duka biyu a shekara-shekara da kuma matsayin perennial.
Bayanin da fasalin arabis
A bayyanar, ciyawa ce mai jan iska wanda ke da tsayi har zuwa cm 30. A kan murfin ƙasa a sauƙaƙe ɗaukar tushen mai tushe ganye ne da ke kama da zuciya. An tattara ƙananan furanni cikin maɗaukaki, rikitattun nau'ikan inflorescences.
Launi ya bambanta: ruwan hoda, fari, shunayya, rawaya. Yana fure tsawon lokaci kuma mai tsananin gaske, yana fitar da kamshi wanda yake jan dumbin dumbin kwari. Kamar duk tsire-tsire na cruciferous, bayan fure, 'ya'yan itacen suna girma a cikin nau'i na kwafsa, tsaba suna da siffar ɗakin kwana, a cikin wasu nau'in arabis suna da fikafikan.
Yanayin girma na tsire-tsire masu sauki ne sosai, saboda haka ya shahara sosai tare da lambu don amfani da adon gadaje na fure.
Iri da nau'ikan arabis: Caucasian, alpine da sauransu
A cikin ciyawar daji, nau'ikan fure iri daban-daban ana amfani dasu, wasunsu suna da iri.
| Dubawa | Bayanin | Tashi gani | Iri daban-daban | Bar |
| Alpine (Arabis abdasannin - Arabis flaviflora) | Rarraba a Gabas ta Tsakiya, a arewacin Scandinavia, a cikin Polar Urals, a tsaunukan Arewacin Amurka da Yammacin Turai. Roaddamar da rassa ƙare tare da madaukai guga man ƙasa. | 35 | SchneeShaube. Furanni fari. Tayi har zuwa 25 cm, 2 cm a diamita. Tsawon tsinkayen fure shine 15 cm. | Halin m na ganyen ganye yana ƙare da tushe - share-stringate. |
| Terry. Manyan goge suna kama da na hagu. Yana isa 20 cm a tsayi kuma 2 cm a diamita. Tsawon goge fure shine 12 cm. | ||||
| Ruwan hoda. Furanni masu ruwan hoda. Har zuwa 35 cm. | ||||
| Sunny bunny. Ganyayyaki masu farin-fari, fure mai kamshi, launin fari-dusar kankara. Propagated da tsaba. | ||||
| Kurma (larabawa bryoides) | Yankunan Alpine na Albania, Girka da Bulgaria. Perennial, fararen furanni, 3-6 daga cikinsu suna samar da buroshi mai ruɓaɓɓen goge | 10 | Kada ku emit. | Smallarami, mai siffar ƙirar ƙwai, tare da jin ƙarancin villi wanda aka tattara a cikin kwasfa. |
| Caucasian (Arabis caucasica) | Perennial, sananne tun daga 1800. Rarraba a cikin Caucasus, Crimea, Rum, Tsakiyar da Asiya .aramar. Furanni fararen fuka-fukai ne, masu nunin kusan 1.5 cm, fure mai fure ya kai cm 8. Yana fure a hankali daga farkon watan Yuni, wasu har zuwa ƙarshen watan Agusta. 'Ya'yan itacen suna cikin nau'i mai tsayi mazugi. | 30 | Flora bauta. Blooms ni'ima, a kan elongated tassels furanni biyu fararen launi. | Arami, launin toka-kore mai launin shuɗi, elongated, m yatsan gefen, a cikin lokacin farin ciki da farin launi. |
| Variegata. Ganyen rawaya mai launin shuɗi tare da gefen, farin furanni. | ||||
| Rosabella Furanni masu ruwan hoda. | ||||
| Asamaryawa. Furanni masu launin shuɗi, goge mai laushi. | ||||
| Schneehaube. Busharancin daji, fari, furanni biyu. | ||||
| Runner Out (Larabawa dangi) | Rarraba a cikin Balkans. Fure-furen fure. Yayi kokarin karfafa ginin mai rushewa. Bishiya mai jure sanyi, mara ma'ana, amma zai fi dacewa da tsari. | 12 | Variegata. Furanni a cikin hanyar bunch, sannu-sannu ya zama haske. | Smallarami, a cikin nau'i na soket. Kyau mai launin kore tare da faffadar farin fari a gefuna |
| Hare (Arabis pumila) | Rarraba a cikin Apennines da a cikin Alps. Furanni masu farar fata, ba a haɗa su ba, ba roƙon ado, fure a watan Mayu ko Yuni. Ana amfani da tsaba don yaduwa. | 5-15 | Kada ku emit. | M karamin m-elongated, ciyawar hue. |
| Karin Bayani (Arabis androsacea) | Ana samunsa a cikin tsaunukan Turkiyya a tsawan tsawan kilogram 2300. Farin furanni. Bishiya kamar garkuwa mai kwance. | 5-10 | Arami, nau'in zagaye, tare da maɓallin nuna alama, ƙirƙirar rosettes. | |
| Ciliary (Arabis blepharophylla) | Yana girma a tsaunukan California a tsawan tsawan kilogram 500. Girman murfin ƙasa tare da diamita har zuwa 25 cm. Furannin sautunan ruwan hoda mai duhu. | 8 | Matsalar Tafiya. Ganyayyaki masu ɗorewa, furanni masu inuwa mai haske. | Grey-kore mai launi. |
| Frühlingshaber Leavesananan ganye, furanni ruwan hoda. | ||||
| Ferdinand na Coburg Variegat (Arabis ferdinandi-coburgii Variegata) | Emian daji na Semi -reeniya, diamita har zuwa cm 30. Furen furanni. Dogon fure. Yana magance raguwar zazzabi yayin aikin shimfida ingantaccen magudanar ruwa. | 5 | Kada ku emit. | Haske kore tabarau tare da iyakar fari, rawaya ko ruwan hoda. Ana yin godiya da igiyoyi a cikin nau'ikan matashin kai na volumetric. |
| Arends (Arabis x arendsii) | Tsarin da aka samu ta hanyar haye Caucasian da Obbisian arabis a farkon karni na ashirin. | 10-20 | Farin ciki Volumetric inflorescences, furanni daga haske zuwa sautunan ruwan hoda mai duhu. | Greyish-kore, mai yawan narkewa, a cikin nau'i na zuciyar elongated. |
| M ya tashi. Furen rasberi tare da sautin shudi. | ||||
| Abun rubuce-rubuce. Furanni masu launuka masu haske. | ||||
| Rosabella Ganyen inuwa mai haske mai duhu a haɗe tare da tassels fure mai haske. |
Saukowa da kulawa
Fasahar aikin gona na arabis mai sauki ce, kawai ka tuno wasu daga cikin abubuwan nuances.
Girma arabis daga tsaba
Yawancin lokaci, ana yin yaduwar suturar da tsaba. Mafi kyawun hanyar shine marigayi kaka shuka a cikin ƙasa. A farkon lokacin bazara, ana yin shuka ne a cikin shirye-shiryen girke-girke na musamman da aka cika da ƙasa tare da yashi ko ƙyallen filawa don magudanar ruwa. Kowane iri an shimfiɗa ta zuwa zurfin 0.5 cm.
An bar amfanin gona a cikin daki mai zafin jiki na +20 ° C, an rufe shi don kiyaye zafi. Bayan germination na farko ganye, an cire tsari. Maintenancearin tabbatar da 'yan seedlings yana buƙatar wuri mai dumi, mai haske.
Babu dalilinda yakamata a kyale bushewar kasar gona. Don wannan, ana yin amfani da ruwa a hankali kuma an kula da hankali sosai.
Don ci gaba na gaba a cikin hanyar shuka mutum, ana shuka tsiran peaked a cikin tukunyar da aka shirya; don amfanin gona na rufe ƙasa, a nutse nan da nan cikin ƙasa a nesa na cm 30. Kafin dasa shuki a kan titi, ana buƙatar shiri. Haushi da shi har tsawon kwanaki 10-12, da safe ka barshi na awanni 1-2 a kan titi, ban da abubuwan zane.
Saukowa arabis a bude yake
Dasa furanni a gonar ana yin su ne yayin da ganye na uku suka bayyana. Yawancin lokaci wannan shine ƙarshen watan Mayu-farkon watan Yuni. Don namo, rana, an fi son gurɓataccen wuri. M, ƙasa mai yashi tare da ƙari na kowane ƙari don ƙarin magudanar ruwa ya dace.
Don kyakkyawar haɓakawa da kuma nuna kyawawan halaye na ado, ya zama dole a cika ƙasa da abubuwa na ma'adinai da ma'adinai. A kan ƙasa mai laushi, creeper yana jin mara kyau kuma baya feshewa da kyau.
'Ya'yan Arabisa suna son yin girma tsakanin duwatsun a kan fasinjan cocin mai gadaje. Tsarin dasa shuki na fure 40x40 cm ne .. Don yalwataccen tsiro, ana sanya tsire-tsire 3-4 cikin rami ɗaya. Creeper blooms na shekaru 2.
Arabis cikin sauki yana lalacewa yayin dasawa. Sabili da haka, da yawa dokoki ya kamata a lura:
- tono ramuka don dasawa tare da zurfin 25 cm;
- zubar da ƙasa tare da daji har sai lokacin bushewa na matsakaici;
- sassauta ƙasa da duka waje da shuka tare da duk dunƙule;
- saka a cikin rami, yafa masa ƙasa, matsi da zub da ruwa.
Kula da arabis a gonar
Ciyarwa ana yin sau ɗaya a shekara tare da farkon lokacin girma. Aiwatar da takin mai magani. Zai yuwu a Bugu da kari na takin da ya bushe ko ciyawa. Ana kuma gabatar da riguna masu kyau kafin yin fure a cikin tushen sa.
A lokacin kakar, bushes tsunkule don ƙirƙirar kyakkyawan tsari. A farkon lokacin girma, ana cire tsoffin rassan kuma an yanke rassa masu tsayi. Tare da haɓakar matasa harbe, fure na biyu mai yiwuwa ne.
Longwararren tsirrai masu tsayi sukan yi amfani da ita don tsirrai masu zuwa.
Hanyar kiwo arabis
Tsarin 10 cm tsawon da ya rage bayan tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace na ƙananan ganye. To, a wani kusurwa na 45 ° suka shuka a cikin ƙasa tare da yashi tushe. A tsakanin kwanaki 20, yayin da tushen sake faruwa, kiyaye tsarin ruwa da feshi.
Hakanan ana saka birin daga hanyar keɓaɓɓen. Chuƙa ma'anar girma daga tushe, a matakin ƙasa, latsa da ruwa duk lokacin rani. A cikin kaka, ana rabuwa da ingataccen seedling da tsire-tsire na mahaifa.
Larabawa bayan fure
Blossoms na fure don kwanaki 15-30 a farkon bazara. Ko da a ƙarshen fure, tsirrai ya ci gaba da kasancewa da kyan gani. A lokacin bazara, ana shayar da arabis a matsakaici yayin yanayin bushewa. A watan Satumba, maimaitawar fure na iya faruwa akan harbe matasa.
A ƙarshen Agusta, an cire kyawawan tsaba. An yanke cikakken goge na fure kuma an bar shi ya yi yawo a wuri mai inuwa, tare da zazzabi na + 20 ... +23 ° C. Lokacin da aka bushe gaba ɗaya, an lalatar da tsaba. Store a cikin bushe, duhu wuri.
Ana shirin hunturu
Itatuwan tsire-tsire ne lokacin hunturu, amma a lokacin lokacin sanyi ne kawai sai a shuka ciyawar sosai. Sabili da haka, yana buƙatar matakan musamman don adana kayan aikin adonsa. An yanke bushes ɗin a tsayin 3-4 cm kuma an rufe shi da ganye mai ganye ko wasu kayan kama.
Cutar da kwari
Kamar kowane tsire-tsire na fure, daji na iya kamuwa da cuta kuma kwari ne ke kaiwa shi.
| Cutar / kwaro | Alamu | Matakan sarrafawa |
| Moralic na hoto | Duffai masu duhu masu duhu akan ganye. | Ba a bi da su. Tona sama ya lalata daji. |
| Kishi mai gurnani | Bayyanar ramuka a cikin ganyayyaki. | Don bi da tare da Intexicides:
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Mr. Dachnik ya ba da shawarar: arabis a cikin shimfidar wuri mai faɗi
Plantaramin tsire-tsire masu tsaka-tsakin abu ne sananne don amfanin sa na duniya. Tsarin murfin ƙasa ba shi da ma'ana kuma yana haɓaka saurin haɓaka, sabili da haka, na ɗan gajeren lokaci yana haifar da kusurwa masu kore inda sauran tsire-tsire ba sa iya ci gaba. Yana jin daɗi a cikin ciyawar fure, tsakanin bishiyoyi da ciyayi a cikin lambu. Abin lura shine ba tassels na fure kawai ba, har ma da sassaka furen fure.
Mafi sau da yawa, ana amfani da arabis a cikin shimfidar wuri mai tsayi, inda yana da kyau tsakanin duwatsun. Tushen mai ƙarfi ya shiga zurfi cikin ƙasa, dasa a cikin busassun sanding na iya yin ado da shi.
Lokacin dasawa, tuna ƙaunar Arabis ga rana da haske. A cikin wurin da aka haskaka, bushes ɗin ya fi ado, fure ya fi haske. A cikin inuwa, an kula da shuka sosai. Lokacin dasa shuki a kan gadaje na fure, ana la'akari dashi cewa arabis yana da kyau a cikin rukunin filaye tsakanin tsararrun perennials, kazalika da marigolds, marigold, nasturtium, alissum.
