Halin al'adar kiwon dabbobi ya samo asali ne mai tsawo, musamman a kasashen Rum. Kwayar nama a bayyanar da dandano yana kama da naman tsuntsaye daji - yana da kayan abinci mai sauƙi da sauƙi wanda ya dace da kananan yara.
A yau, yawancin magoya baya na masana'antun kiwon kaji suna nuna sha'awar kiwon noma, wanda ba zai zama ba ne kawai ba, amma har ma yana samun karbar kudin shiga. Wannan labarin ya bayyana ainihin ka'idodin da manoma manya da ƙwaƙwalwa ya kamata su sani, ko waɗanda suka yanke shawara su fara farauta pigeons a matsayin hanyar kasuwanci.
Shin kuna sani? Tsohon Masarawa, Helenawa da Romawa sun yi amfani da naman alade don dafa abinci. Ancient Roman masanin Varro, a cikin karni na BC BC. er ya bayyana duniyar dovecote mai mulkin, wanda ya ƙunshi tsuntsaye fiye da 5,000. An ba su kyauta ne musamman don bauta wa dangi na mulkin mallaka da kuma matsayi na ɗan adam. Ƙwararren masanin kimiyya da likitanci Avicenna, wanda ya bada shawarar cewa ya kamata a kashe shi da marasa lafiya.
Zaɓi irin nama (naman nama mai kyau)
Noma na pigeons na irin naman iri yana da halaye masu ban sha'awa da yawa wanda duk wanda ya yanke shawarar shiga cikin wadannan nau'in kiwon kaji ya kamata ya sani. Da farko dai, ya kamata a lura cewa pigeons ba su da kyau sosai da tsuntsaye masu zaman kansu, wanda a cikin lokacin rani suna iya kula da bincike don abinci da kansu.
Har ila yau, pigeons da dama bambance-bambance daga wasu wakilan tsuntsaye:
- na farko, suna cikin tsuntsayen dabbobi, wadanda aka ajiye su a cikin manyan kungiyoyi;
- Abu na biyu, pigeons sune guda daya, wato, sau ɗaya kafa biyu yana da matukar damuwa kuma ba ta taba rushewa ba (ba tare da la'akari da mutuwar ɗayan aboki ba);
- Abu na uku, pigeons ne kawai wakilan tsuntsaye suke samar da abin da ake kira "madarar tsuntsaye" wanda suke ciyar da kajin. Wannan nau'i ne, wanda ke fitowa a cikin tsuntsaye masu girma tare da epithelium na ganuwar goiter. Bugu da ƙari, an ba wannan abu ba kawai a cikin mata ba, har ma a cikin maza, ba kamar dabbobi ba. "Madarayar Bird" shine babban tushen abinci ga kajin a farkon kwanakin rayuwa.
Har ila yau, kafin ka fara nama pigeons, dole ne ka fahimci kanka da irin abubuwan da ke faruwa a yanzu don zabi mafi dacewa. Daga cikin mafi yawan nau'o'in pigeons sune wadannan: 
- "Sarki" - daga asali daga Amurka, an nuna shi ta hanyar babban haɗin da wakilanta suke Tare da kulawa ta dace, pigeons da sauri sun karu da nauyi: a cikin kwanaki 45 sun kai nauyin kilo 700. A cikin shekara guda, "Sarauniya" zata iya samar da mai kyau 18 mai kyau. Tsuntsaye masu tsufa na wannan nau'in suna kimanin 650-800 g, kuma samfurori na nuna wani lokaci sukan kai nauyin daya da rabi zuwa kilo biyu. Kashe nauyi na pigeons ya bambanta daga 60% zuwa 68% kuma ya dogara da yanayin: lokacin da tsuntsayen tsuntsaye suke a cikin cages, nauyin nauyin jikin ya fi kasa da yanayin yanayin tafiya;
- Babban nama mai naman gaske "Strasser"Bred a Yammacin Yammacin Turai, yana da girman aikin. Nauyin namiji na irin wannan zai iya kaiwa 1.2 kg. Lokacin da yake da shekaru 30, nauyin kullun yana da sau 700 g. Abincin a Strassers yana da kyau-fibrous. Kashe nauyin wannan nau'in ya kai 60%.
"Roman" pigeons - irin nau'in da aka bred a Italiya, kuma ya kara inganta a Faransa. Nauyin maza ya kai maza 1-1.3, mata - har zuwa 1.1 kg. Kashe nauyi tare da kulawa mai kyau zai iya isa 70%.- "Monden" Jinsi na pigeons hailing daga Faransa, Monde-Marsan. Nauyin adult pigeons ya kai 1.1 kg. A tsawon kwanaki 30 ana iya samar da kananan yara zuwa 700 gr. Kashe nama yana da kashi 61%. Pigeons "Mondensky" irin su suna da mafi girma a cikin jerin manyan nau'o'in pigeons, wanda shine 28.7%;
- "Carnot" - farkon irin pigeons. Nauyin nau'in namiji yaro daga cikin 550 zuwa 700 g. A wata daya, yara zasu iya amfani da su zuwa 330-340 g. Hakika, wannan ba haka ba ne idan aka kwatanta da wasu nau'in, duk da haka, a cikin yanayin wannan nau'in, nauyin ba shine babban abu ba. "Carnot" yana da godiya saboda yawancin nama, wanda sau da yawa ya fi dacewa da wasu nau'in.
"Roman" pigeons - irin nau'in da aka bred a Italiya, kuma ya kara inganta a Faransa. Nauyin maza ya kai maza 1-1.3, mata - har zuwa 1.1 kg. Kashe nauyi tare da kulawa mai kyau zai iya isa 70%.
Gaba ɗaya, yawancin nama na pigeons ba su da yawa, kamar su, misali, iri na kaji ko ducks. Sabili da haka, babban matsalar zabar tsuntsu shine gano mai kyau mai samarwa. Yawancin lokaci, manoma masu kiwon kaji su nemi wakilan wakilai na musamman a ƙasashen waje: a Poland, Czech Republic, da kuma Jamus, dangane da wace ƙasa da suka haifi mafi yawan pigeons na wannan irin.Lokacin zabar tsuntsaye don kiwo, dole ne ka fara kula da lafiyarta. Kwaiji bai kamata ya zama mai tayarwa ba, kuma idanunsa ya kamata ya zama tsabta, kuma gashin gashin ya kamata ya zama mai sassauka, ba a juye shi ba. Dole ne ya buɗe fatar tsuntsaye kuma duba idan babu ramuka a cikin gashinsa (alamar kamuwa da cuta tare da abincin da ake dashi), ba shakka ba buƙatar saya irin wannan tsuntsu ba.
Yana da matukar muhimmanci a saya pigeons a nau'i-nau'i. Domin fahimtar inda ɗayan biyu suke, sanya tsuntsaye cikin akwati na biyu. Idan kudan zuma da kurciya da gashin tsuntsaye da gashin tsuntsaye kuma suna kan kawunansu, to yana nufin cewa akwai biyu a gabanku. Idan tsuntsaye suna fada, to, su ma'aurata ne.
Room for pigeons
Tun da yake pigeons sune tsuntsaye marasa kyau, baza'a buƙatar sararin samaniya don gina gona mai noma ba. Gidan ɗaki mai dacewa da kyau ko ginin jiki a barns da warehouses. Tabbas, zaɓi nagari shi ne gina ɗakin daki inda za'a ajiye pigeons. Amma wannan ba yana buƙatar matsanancin kudade na kudi ba: dacewa kamar caji mai budewa tare da ragitsy mai tasowa, da kuma gidan dovecote na gida, inda tsuntsaye za su huta kuma su ɓuya daga ruwan sama.
Ko da kuwa zababbun wuri, babban abu shi ne cewa dattawa da sauran kananan yara ba za su iya shiga cikin gidan kudan zuma ba. Sabili da haka, ba zai zama mai ban mamaki ba don ya dauke gidan tige a saman kasa. Lokacin da aka kirga yankin don gidan kurciya - ya kamata a la'akari da cewa 12 m² zai iya ɗaukar har zuwa 50 pigeons. Bayan an shirya ginin, dole ne a yayyafa gidan kashin daji tare da yashi, saboda wannan zai sauƙaƙe tsabtatawa a nan gaba. Tare da ganuwar dovecote yana buƙatar daidaita fasalin.
Shiri don nesting pigeons
Kafin lokacin nesting a dovecote, dole ne a tsaftace tsaftacewa da kuma samar da na'urorin nesting da kwalaye. Yana da mahimmanci cewa adadin akwatunan motsawa sun fi girma da nau'i na pigeons a cikin dovecote. Wannan zai ba da damar pigeons su zabi wurin su don mating kuma kada suyi yaki da shi. 
Don haɗawa da shi yana dace don amfani da akwatin kwalliya da ƙofar. Dole a sanya akwatuna a wuri mai nisa da juna don tsuntsaye su tuna da wurin da suke nasu. Bayan pigeons samar da iyalansu, dole ne a juya akwatunan jigilar su zama masu ninging; saboda wannan, ana sanya niduna guda biyu a kowane akwati, dama da hagu.
A cikin ƙananan dovecotes, zaka iya shirya gida tare da kwalaye, dama a kan jakuna. Bayan haka, nests zai zama rabuwa da juna ta ganuwar tsaye. Ya kamata a tuna cewa dole ne a ajiye kwalaye masu nuni don an haskaka su, amma hasken kai tsaye ba ya fada cikin nests. Kafin jinginar pigeons, akwatunan suna rufe da gado mai laushi na hay ko bambaro. Lokacin da tsuntsaye suke yin nests, kana buƙatar zuba toka ko pyrethrum a ƙarƙashin su.
Samun pigeons
Don amfanin gona na pigeons don nama, yana da matukar muhimmanci a samar da abinci mai kyau ga matasa tsuntsaye. Da yawa da ingancin nama a fitarwa ya dogara da wannan.
Fattening
Matasa sun fi kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban a yayin girma. Sabili da haka, abincin dole ne ya ƙunshi cikakken adadin bitamin, na gina jiki da ma'adanai. Makwanni na farko bayan rufewa, matasa pigeons na buƙatar yawan abinci. Rage rabo lokacin da iris na matasa ya zama daidai kamar yadda a cikin tsuntsaye girma. Da safe tsuntsaye suna ba da wani abincin abinci, kuma da maraice suna kara shi.
Ana bada shawara don tsaftace hatsi tare da ƙananan kifayen man fetur kafin ciyar. Ga matasa pigeons girma sosai, suna ciyar da babban adadin alkama tare da sha'ir da peas. Bayan yaron ya fara tashi a cikin garken tare da tsuntsaye masu girma, adadin alkama ya rage sau biyu, ya maye gurbin shi tare da nau'i na nau'ayi na fata da wiki. Mafi yawan abin da ke da shi don ciyar da dabbobi matasa: alkama 20%, Peas da masara 10% kowace, sha'ir 20% da gero 30%. Kwanan yau da kullum na irin wannan cakuda ga tsuntsaye 1 shine 40 g.
Ga matasa masu raunana da suke raguwa a ci gaba da ci gaba, za a buƙaci karin gina jiki. a cakuda alkama, grits na gurasa, shinkafa shinkafa, alkama alade da kuma yisti. Har ila yau, a cikin gauraye kana buƙatar ƙara 5 saukad da kifin man fetur, da kuma ruwan sha - glucose bayani 5%.
Ƙananan yara za su buƙaci kariyar abinci a cikin abinci kuma a cikin nau'i na kayan lambu mai sauƙi a cikin nauyin 10 g da tsuntsu 1 kowace rana. A cikin hanyar additives, Boiled dankali, porridge da burodi sun dace. Naman yana fattened a cikin kwanaki 12-14. Har ila yau, ya kamata ku tabbatar cewa kafin cin abinci kowane tsuntsu ya zama maras kyau.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ba zaku iya rinjaye ƙananan yara tare da additives zuwa babban abincin abinci ba, zai haifar da tartsatsi na ciki da kuma asarar nauyi.
Kisan dabbobi
Ana yanka yawan tsuntsaye iri na pigeons, yawanci tsakanin 28 da 35 days old. Kafin wannan, tsuntsu yana fattened tare da tsaba of dill, cumin, anise, don ba nama wani dandano mai dadi game da wasan. Don yin nama da fari kuma mafi m, zaka iya yanka tsuntsu da madara salted kafin yanka. Ranar da aka yanka, tsuntsaye sun tsaya don ciyarwa, wannan yana sauƙaƙe gutting carcasses kuma inganta ingancin nama. Za a iya yanka pigeons a cikin hanyar da sauran tsuntsayen gida.
