Hibiscus wata shuka ce ta iyali Malvaceae. Yana da matukar ƙaunar masu shuka, saboda kusan kowane nau'in wannan shuka yayi kyau sosai. Furen hibiscus, ko da a cikin jinsunan guda, suna da bambanci. Fiye da jinsin 200 da kuma kimanin nau'in nau'in wannan shuka an san.
Shin kuna sani? Sakamakon bambanci na dukan hibiscus - gajeren rai na furanni. Kowane flower yana rayuwa ne kawai a rana ɗaya - yana buɗewa da safe kuma ya ƙare da maraice.
A cikin latitudes, nau'o'in hibiscus guda uku na kowa. Daya daga cikinsu yana girma a cikin gida kuma an fi sani da shi a matsayin furen Sin. Ana iya yin hibiscus na Sin a cikin rani a cikin gonar, amma har yanzu ana daukar shi a matsayin gidan houseplant. Sauran nau'o'in hibiscus guda biyu suna lambu.
Garden Hibiscus
A cikin lambuna a kudancin Rasha, Ukraine da kuma a Crimea daya zai iya samo sakon hibiscus na Syria, wanda ake kira bishiya. Yana da tsire-tsire mai tsayi wanda zai iya kai har mita 3 a tsawo. Sau da yawa, an kafa tsire-tsire daga gare ta, yana haifar da kyakkyawan itace. Tare da tsire-tsire masu yawa na iri iri, zaka iya ƙirƙirar itace shtamb da launuka daban-daban daga lambun hibiscus.
Tree hibiscus ne perennial. A wuri guda zai iya girma har zuwa shekaru 10. Ya yi fure daga Yuni zuwa Satumba. Fure-fure a hibiscus na Siriya na iya zama mai sauƙi kuma mai ban tsoro, mai yawa shades, amma ba babba ba. Amma a cikin nau'i na biyu na hibiscus, grassy hibiscus, diamita na furanni ya kai 26 cm.
Yana da muhimmanci! An rushe Hibiscus a rabi na biyu na watan Mayu, saboda haka kada kuyi tsammanin cewa sanyi ne, sannan ku watsar da shuka. Grassy hibiscus ya fi sanyi, zai iya girma ba kawai a kudancin ba, amma har ma a cikin yanayin latsa. Har ila yau, spud a cikin hunturu tare da bushe foliage ko bushe bushe.
Irin wannan shuka kuma mabanbanta. Tsayin yana bambanta daga 80 cm zuwa 2 m, kuma furanni suna da nau'i mai yawa. Ganye yana tsiro a wuri guda, amma bayan shekaru 5 yana buƙatar hibiscus a dasa shi zuwa wani wuri a gonar. Yana faruwa a rabi na biyu na watan Mayu. Ya yi fure daga farkon Yuni zuwa farkon watan Satumba. Kudancin Sudan, rosilla, ko kuma hibiscus sakdariff, ya fito ne daga Indiya, ana amfani da noma a duk wurare masu zafi. Daga irin wannan hibiscus an sanya abin sha marar kyau, inda ake amfani da furen rata mai duhu, calyxes da furanni, ana kiransu wardi. Duk sassan wannan shuka, sai dai tushen, su ne edible. Za a iya dasa shuka a gida a cikin tukunyar tukunya, kuma ana iya samo tsaba a cikin buhu na shayi mai ban sha'awa.
Garden Hibiscus Care
Garden hibiscus - unpretentious shuke-shuke, amma don yawan flowering suna bukatar rana da matsakaici watering. Za su iya yin inuwa ta budewa, yayin da furanni zasu zama mafi yawan launuka. Lokacin da fari na furannin hibiscus ya fadi, kuma a lokacin da aka bushe ƙasa, injin zai iya rushewa. Har ila yau wajibi ne don ciyar da hibiscus tare da takin mai magani na potash-phosphorus a spring da kuma lokacin rani. Hudu na hibiscus za a iya shafawa ta hanyar gizo-gizo ko wasu nau'o'in parasites, saboda haka kana buƙatar saka idanu da yanayin shuka kuma aiwatar da shi tare da shirye-shirye masu dacewa a lokaci.
Hanyoyin Hibiscus
Hibiscus ya sake haifar da hanyoyi daban-daban:
• rabuwa na daji;
• haɗin;
• layering;
• tsaba.
Harkokin Hibiscus na Siriya ne mafi kyau a yaduwa ta hanyar cuttings, yayin da zaka iya amfani da tsire-tsire wanda ya kasance a lokacin da ake yanka daji. Cuttings 15-20 cm tsawo saka a cikin ruwa. Tushen bayyana bayan makonni 2-3. Sa'an nan kuma an cire cuttings a cikin tukwane da ƙasa mai haske.
An dasa shi a ƙasa na gaba shekara. Hakanan mafi kyaun shuka shi ne ta rarraba daji a cikin bazara, lokacin da harbe ya girma 10-15 cm. Sake gyaran by cuttings, layering da rarraba daji tabbatar da adana da varietal Properties na shuka. Dukkan ire-iren hibiscus za su iya yada su ta hanyar iri. Girman hibiscus daga tsaba a gida yana da sauki. Ana iya sayo tsaba a cikin kantin sayar da ko tattara kwalaye iri daga bushes a yankinka lokacin da suke girma.
Amma tare da girbi na tsaba, wanda ba zai iya tsammanin tsire zai yi girma, kamar iyaye ba. Mutane da yawa masu shuka suna yiwa furanni daban-daban na musamman don samun sababbin iri-iri. Domin mafi kyau germination, zaka iya sanya tsaba a cikin firiji don makonni 2 a saman sifilin. Sown a cikin tukwane na daya iri. An dasa shi a ƙasa na gaba shekara. Girma daga zuriyar bishiya bishiya zai iya shuka kawai a cikin shekara ta huɗu, kuma ciyawa za ta yi girma a karo na biyu.
Hibiscus gyara dokoki
Gyara bishiyar hibiscus a farkon spring. Anyi wannan ne don cire rassan da aka sassakke da rassan, don ba da shuka gagarumar siffar ko don samar da yawan furanni. Furen hibiscus ya bayyana a kan harbe na shekara ta yanzu, don haka don kara yawan furanni, Syriac hibiscus za a iya yanke kafin farkon lokacin rani. Tsarin yana amsa sosai don pruning da ke tsiro da sauri. Tabbas, pruning ya fi dacewa da Syriac hibiscus, amma har ila yau ana iya gyaran ciyawa. Idan iri-iri irin wannan hibiscus yana da tsayi sosai, to ana iya yanke shi a tsawo da kake bukata. A cikin wannan yanayin, hibiscus harbe gefe harbe, forming wani thickwood shrub. Amma furanni a kan gefen harbe na grassy hibiscus sun kasance mafi ƙanƙanta fiye da waɗanda suke a kan tushe.
Yadda za'a rufe hobiscus lambu don hunturu
Tree hibiscus ba shi da tushe ga sanyi. Girman hibiscus a bude ƙasa yana yiwuwa inda yanayin iska a hunturu ya wuce -20 ° C. Wani daji na irin wannan hibiscus shine spud don hunturu tare da bushe mai laushi, an warke jikin ta da rassan bishiyoyi ko kuma an rufe shi da agrotex ko lutrasil. Amma tare da irin wannan warwarwar akwai hatsari na bayyanar rodents a ƙarƙashin kwanciyar hankali ko kuma raguwa na haushi na haushi. Idan itacen yana da ƙananan, ana iya canza shi zuwa cikin baho kuma sanya shi a cikin ginshiki ko wani ɗakin mai sanyi har sai bazara.
Yana da muhimmanci! A cikin hunturu, yanke da ciyawa grassy zuwa tsawo na 10-15 cm, to, ku san ainihin inda tushen shi ne. Tun lokacin da ya tashi sosai a cikin bazara, zaka iya lalata tushensa a lokacin aikin gona na farko. Yi shuka hibiscus kuma za ku sami yanayi mai ban sha'awa a cikin gonar don tsawon lokacin rani.
