A kasuwar zamani na kokwamba, yawancin kayayyaki sun bayyana, wanda shine sakamakon 'ya'yan itatuwa na zamani.
Kowane mutum ya saba da rubutu na musamman na "nau'i" ko "matasan." Amma a kan wasu sachets zaka iya samun maganganun kamar "Seminar cuta na Parthenocarpic", kuma mutane basu fahimci abin da wannan ma'anar ke nufi ba.
Sau da yawa waɗannan sababbin irin kokwamba suna rikicewa da irin wannan sanannun sanannun abubuwa kamar nau'in iri-iri. Amma a tsakanin waɗannan iri biyu na al'adun kokwamba akwai bambanci daban-daban.
Kwararrun cututtuka su ne wakilan iri ko kuma hybrids, waɗanda aka samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa ba tare da yin zabe ba. Kuma a yayin da ake samar da cucumbers pollinated kai, wannan tsari yana gudana.
Babban manufar irin wannan sabon iri ko kuma hybrids shine namo na cucumbers a cikin greenhouse, wato, inda babu kwari-kwari.
Wadannan su ne shahararrun irin wannan sabon nau'in cucumbers.
Grade "Athena"
Hybrid. A game da ripening yana da wuri sosai, tun lokacin da tazarar tsakanin tazarar farko da kuma lokacin da 'ya'yan itatuwa ke shirye don amfani su ne kwanaki 40 - 45.
Cucumbers nau'in masara. Shrubs ba su da iko sosai, suna da ƙarfin ci gaba mai girma, gwargwado, wato, yawancin 'ya'yan itatuwa an kafa su ne a tsakar daka.
Ganye yana da matsakaici a girman. Kokwamba kansu sune kore, cylindrical a siffar, an rufe shi da manyan tubercles, kimanin 10 zuwa 12 cm a tsawon.
Gwanar 'ya'yan itace mai taushi, mai dadi, babu haushi. Daidai yana kula da sufuri, kuma ba ya ganuwa a rabi na biyu na zamani.
Abin mamaki ya nuna kansa ba kawai a cikin sabo ne ba, amma har ma a cikin gwangwani da kuma gwangwani. Akwai dangin zumunci zuwa ga powdery mildew, cladosporia da peronosporosis.
Cikakke samun kore fim da gilashin greenhouses a lokacin hunturu-spring zamani. Zai fi kyau a fara girma da wannan iri-iri daga seedlings, da shuka tsaba wanda shine wajibi ne don samarwa a farkon Afrilu.
Girma seedlings daga cikin wadannan cucumbers ba sabanin hanya guda don wasu albarkatu. A ganiya zafin jiki na seedlings kafin germination zai zama + 25 ° C, bayan - + 15 ° C.
Bukatar akai-akai ruwa da kuma ciyar da seedlings, sabõda haka, suna ƙarfafa kafin su canza cikin ƙasa.
Mafi kyau dasa makirci zai zama 70-90x30 cm, amma wani lokacin dasa da thicker, wato ajiye 2 - 3 seedlings da naúrar yankin. Kafin dasa, seedlings ya zama 22-25 days old.
M hanyoyin da cin nasara namo na bushes ne na yau da kullum watering tare da dumi ruwa, zai fi dacewa a maraice. An kuma bada shawara don ciyar da 2 - 3 ciyar da bishiyoyi.
Wannan matasan zai iya tsayayya da hasken lantarki, saboda haka kada ka damu game da darkening na bushes. Bugu da ƙari, bushes a amince su tsira yanayin zafi da rashin iska mai zafi.
Tabbatar da sassauta ƙasa bayan watering, saboda tushen su sami karin oxygen. Ga kowane shuka, kana buƙatar samar da sifa ɗaya, kuma a lokacin da kake tsallewa ba za ka iya cire dukkanin gefen harbe ba, amma ka bar wasu. A wannan yanayin, duk abin zai dogara ne akan yadda tsire-tsire suke.
Bambancin "Makaranta"
Da farkon cikakke matasan, ripens a cikin 42 - 45 days bayan harbe, nau'in nau'in.
Bushes suna karami, masu karfi, ƙwararrun ƙananan su ne gajeren, irin flowering shine "bouquet", wato, akwai 'ya'yan itatuwa 4 - 5 a daya kumburi. 'Ya'yan itãcen sun zama cylindrical, tare da kananan bumps, kyau koren launi, mai dadi, ba haushi.
A cikakke 'ya'yan itatuwa, tsawon ya kai 6-9 cm, amma karamin cucumbers 4-6 cm tsawo kuma za a iya girbe ga pickles.
Babban yawan amfanin ƙasa, kimanin 10-12 kg ta sq.m.
Cikakke don marinating, kamar yadda aka kiyaye yawancin ɓangaren litattafan almara. Ya dace don hada abinci cikin sabo, kuma 'ya'yan itace zai yi kyau a bankuna. Ba a shafi powdery mildew da kuma kamuwa da kamuwa da cladosporia, amma ƙwayoyin monoic na kokwamba za su iya cutar da bishiyoyi da 'ya'yan itatuwa.
An tsara shi don namo a cikin mafakar fim. Zai fi kyau kada ku dasa tsaba nan da nan a cikin ƙasa, amma don yayi girma.
Ya kamata a kwantar da tsaba a tsakiyar Maris a zurfin 2.5 - 3 cm. Yanayin girma seedlings na wannan iri-iri ne talakawa, babu canje-canje.
Ya kamata a kwashe kayan shuka sosai, wato 2 shuke-shuke da sq. ƙarƙashin makirci 140x25 cm, saboda haka dukkanin bishiyoyi suna da isasshen sarari. Idan an dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, to, yana da kyawawa don rufe bishiyoyin da ba su da yawa tare da tsare don wani ɗan gajeren lokaci har lokacin ƙayyadewa ya ƙare.
Tsire-tsire suna da kyau a cikin kulawa, sun iya tsayayya da hawan canjin yanayi. Ya mallaki babban haɗin haƙurisabili da haka, sun warke da sauri bayan cututtuka.
Ba za a sami matsalolin musamman ba tare da fatar jiki, tun lokacin da harbe a kan tsire-tsire ya ci gaba da talauci, kuma lambar ba ta da yawa. Zai zama isa ga ruwa a kai a kai da bishiyoyi, yad da ƙasa a kusa da su, da kuma ciyar da bishiyoyi da takin gargajiya.
Har ila yau, ana buƙatar rigakafin magani da magani na bushes tare da mafitacin fuka-fuka, sulhu na sulhu na sulfur, da jan karfe sulphate.
Har ila yau, yana da ban sha'awa a karanta game da irin wadannan cucumbers
Bambancin "Barvin"
Hanyar parthenocarpic na al'ada. Tsire-tsire da karfi na matsakaici, nau'i mai samarwa, tare da tsarin tushen ci gaba. Da wuri, fara farawa a cikin kwanaki 38 - 40 bayan na farko.
Har zuwa 3 furanni an kafa ne a daya kumburi. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne duhu kore, m, tare da manyan tubercles, cylindrical a siffar, kai wani matsakaita na 10-12 cm a tsawon.
A dandano mai ciwo ba ya nan. Yawan aiki yana da yawa, tare da 1 sq. M. zaka iya tattara 20 - 25 kilogiram na 'ya'yan itace. Bushes suna da 'ya'ya masu tsawo kuma a hankali. Yana kula da sufuri. Ya dace da amfani a duka sabo da kuma shafe ko gwangwani.
Shrubs da 'ya'yan itatuwa ba su shafi powdery mildew, cladosporiosis da downy mildew, amma peronosporosis zai iya lalata amfanin gona sosai.
Shi duka yana farawa ne da hanyar hanyar seedling. Yanayin girma sune daidai, wato, dakin da zazzabi, na yau da kullum watering, da kuma wasu ƙarin feedings na seedlings. Ana iya dasa ta bisa tsari mai kyau, watau ajiye 2 - 3 seedlings a cikin yanki. Ana dasa tsaba ne a farkon watan Maris, tsarka zuwa cikin greenhouse ya kamata ya fada cikin lokaci daga tsakiya zuwa ƙarshen watan Mayu.
Bushes ba na musamman ba ne, saboda haka matakan da suka dace zasu kula da su. A kullum watering, wasu dressings da namo na kasar gona zai zama isa ga bushes ya kai 'ya'yan itace kuma ba mutuwa.
A lokacin da ake kafa bushes, ba dukkanin stepchildren za a iya cire, amma yana da kyau don cire manyan ganye domin 'ya'yan itatuwa sami isa hasken rana.
Don hana bushes daga wahala daga downy powdery mildew (peronosporosis), da bushes bukatar a bi da sau 2-3 tare da fungicides irin su Ridomil ko Kuproksat. Bugu da ƙari, dole ne a gudanar da magani a farkon alamun cutar.
Tsara "Cupid"
Kwancen matasan farko, kwanaki 40-45 sun isa cikakkun 'ya'yan itatuwa. Bushes suna da iko, har zuwa 8 'ya'yan itatuwa suna samar da wata kumburi.
A cucumbers kansu suna duhu kore, tsananin cylindrical a siffar, da surface an rufe shi da kananan thorns. Gwanar 'ya'yan itace kawai mai ban mamaki, ba mai zafi ba, fata na' ya'yan itace na bakin ciki.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ba su juya rawaya, kar a ganimar a lokacin sufuri, duk da gaskiyar cewa fatar jikin abu ne mai zurfi.
Yawan aiki yana da yawa, a matsakaita, daga 25 zuwa 28 kilogiram na wani daji za a iya tattara daga mita ɗaya na gado, amma tare da kulawa da kyau da yanayin muhalli mai kyau, yawan amfanin ƙasa ya karu zuwa 45 zuwa 50 kg kowace mita mita. Da iri-iri ne na resistant zuwa powdery mildew da resuspension.
Za ka iya girma wadannan bushes kuma ba tare da seedlings, amma pre-tattalin seedlings riƙi tushe mafi alhẽri.
Ana shuka tsaba a farkon Maris, don haka seedlings suna da isasshen lokaci su yi girma ta hanyar dasawa cikin ƙasa. Ya kamata ya kamata a yi shekaru 35 zuwa 40 kafin faduwa.
Yanayi don girma seedlings suna na kowa. Kwayar dasa shi ma ya saba, 3 seedlings za a iya amince da faduwa a kan daya square. ma'auni mita. Nan da nan bayan dasa shuki matasa bushes za a iya shayar.
Da iri-iri yana da tsayayyar yanayin yanayi mara kyau, kullum yakan tsira da yanayin zafi da zafi.
Babu fasali a cikin kulawa irin wannan; dole ne a aiwatar da dukkan hanyoyin yadda ya dace. Regular watering, 2-3 sau da bushes bukatar mu ciyar. Gyaran ƙasar yana da mahimmanci cewa babu wani ɓawon ƙwayar bushe a kan fuskar, in ba haka ba tushen tsarin tsarin tsire-tsire zai fuskanci rashin oxygen.
Hakanan zaka iya ƙulla ƙananan bishiyoyi zuwa wasu tallafi don tallafawa tsarin girbi.
Daban-bambancen "Abokiyar"
A farkon cikakke matasan, cikakken maturing 'ya'yan itatuwa ya zo a 40 - 42 days bayan na farko harbe na seedling. Bushes suna da ƙarfi, iko, tare da tushen ci gaba.
A daya kumburi 6 - 8 'ya'yan itatuwa an kafa. 'Ya'yan' ya'yan itatuwa masu launin, ƙananan duhu, masu tsalle-tsalle a cikin siffar, tare da mai girma ƙanƙara, ƙananan (8-10 cm cikin tsawon, a nauyi zuwa 90-95 g).
Cucumbers ba su juya rawaya ba a kan gado, kuma bã bayan kau da bushes. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sukan sami tsira daga sufuri, ba su da ganimar ga dogon lokaci. Da iri-iri ba shine cutar monoic na kokwamba ba, kuma ba shi da tasirin zaitun da kuma fatal mildew.
Yawan amfanin ƙasa yana da tsawo kuma yana da nauyin kilo 20-25 a kowace mita mita.
Ya kamata a yi shuka a tsakiyar Maris.
Yanayi na seedlings ya kamata ya zama mai dadi, don haka ya kamata tsaba suyi girma da sauri. Don gaggauta fitowar seedlings, ana bukatan tankuna rufe da filastik kunsa don ƙirƙirar microclimate mai mahimmanci.
Watering da fertilizing seedlings ya kamata a kai a kai. Har ila yau yana da kyau don sauyawa yawan zazzabi, don haka seedlings suna da haushi kuma suna da sauri a cikin ƙasa. Wadannan cucumbers za a iya girma biyu a cikin greenhouse da kuma a bude filin. Amma a yanayin yanayin da ba a gano ba, ana amfani da su da filastik filayen, don haka, alal misali, karfi gusts na iska bazai iya haifar da mummunan cutar ga seedlings ba.
Wannan darasi ba shi da kyau a barin, zai iya tsayayya da rashin rashin ruwa, yanayin zafi, rashin ƙarfi ko rashin haske. Babu wanda ake so a shirya katsewa a ban ruwa, don haka amfanin gona ba zai sha wahala ba. 2 - 3 yin takin gargajiya tare da ƙwayoyin taki daban-daban zai inganta inganci da dandano cucumbers.
An yi amfani da kwayoyi da kwayoyi tare da kwayoyi da cututtuka kawai.
Bambanci "Crispina"
Hybrid. Ripens sosai da sauri, a zahiri a kwanaki 35 - 40. Bushes suna da iko, matsakaiciyar launi. Ganye ne matsakaici, cikakken kore.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne na cylindrical, tare da babban adadin tubercles, kore a launi, a kan fata akwai ratsan haske.
Cucumbers suna da yawa, a cikin nauyi isa 100 - 120 g, 10 - 12 cm a tsawon. Yawan aiki yana da tsawo, 6 - 7 kg kowace murabba'in mita. Da dandano yana da kyau sosai, ba tare da haushi ba, fata yana da bakin ciki sosai.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ba su lalace a lokacin sufuri, suna da kyau, sabo ne ko gwangwani. Cutar powdery, downy mildew da mosaic virus ba zai iya lalata amfanin gona ba.
Yana daukan tushen mafi kyau a cikin greenhouses. A mataki na girma seedlings babu ƙananan karkata daga hanya mai kyau. Isa rufe nau'in kwakwalwa da polyethylene, kula da zafin jiki mai kyau, da ruwa a kai a kai kuma ku ciyar da tsire-tsire don ci gaba da ci gaba. Gashi a cikin ƙasa ya kamata a yi a lokacin da kasar gona ta riga ta dumi.
A lokacin da dasa, za ka iya sanya 2 - 3 seedlings da 1 sq.m.
Dabbobin shrubs ba su da sauƙi ga rashin zafi, don haka babu canji na musamman a cikin hanyar kulawa.
Muna bukatar m jiyya da cututtuka, na yau da kullum watering da sauran al'amurran da kula kokwamba bushes. Kwayoyin tsire-tsire na wannan nau'ikan za a iya daura da trellis, amma bishiyoyi zasuyi amfani da ita ba tare da wannan hanya ba.
Kayan iri iri iri ne na cikakke ga wadanda ke kulawa da yawan amfanin gona da kayan ingancin kayan lambu, bishiyoyi da basu buƙatar yawan aiki da kulawa marasa kyau.
