Clematis dasa

Clematis a cikin Urals: dasa da kulawa

Clematis wani fure ne mai ban sha'awa, mai ban sha'awa tare da taushi da karimci. Don jin dadin kyau na wannan tsire-tsire na musamman, kawai kuna buƙatar gwada shi. Girma, ruwan sama-fadowa furanni yana amfani da gonar don kula da tsire-tsire sosai, kodayake, ta hanyar, clematis baya buƙatar wannan a kowane lokaci.

Yana da muhimmanci! Clematis wata shuka ce mai guba. Duk da cewa ba shi da hatsari fiye da wasu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu guba, wajibi ne don kaucewa haɗuwa da ruwan 'ya'yan itace, kamar yadda yake sa fata da kuma konewa. Har ila yau ka tuna cewa ko da ƙananan ganye ko kuma ruwan 'ya'yan itace na iya haifar da zub da jini da kuma kwakwalwa.

Cultivation na wannan creeper ba zai haifar da matsala har ma don farawa shuka kiwo, sabili da haka duk wanda yake so ya ji dadin tunanin da flowering flowering zai iya fara clematis a cikin lambu.

Clematis zuwa Urals: mafi kyau iri don girma

Yanayin yanayi a cikin Urals suna da matsananciyar matsananci, sabili da haka akwai sauƙin rarraba haɗuwa. Wadanda suke zaune a cikin Urals ya kamata su dauki matakin da ya fi dacewa don zaɓar nau'o'in clematis.

Far daga mafi kyau zaɓi clematis ga Urals su ne iri Bitrus, gonar inabinsa kuma Evergreen, kamar yadda ba su yi haƙuri a lokacin hunturu ba. Har ila yau, ba dace da yawancin nau'o'in kamar su Gabas, konewa kuma m, tun da yake haƙurinsu bai isa ba ne kawai don daukar nauyin -20 ° C, kuma wannan ba shi da cikakken isa ga tsira da ragowar Ural. Irin wannan gonar za su ji dadi a cikin greenhouses, greenhouses, lambun hunturu ko kuma a matsayin tukunyar shuke-shuke.

Mafi kyau irin clematis ga Urals - wadannan su ne wadanda ke cikin na biyu da na uku rukuni, harbe wanda aka yi raguwa ko kuma cire shi gaba daya. Yawancin nau'o'in clematis suna buƙatar tsari mai kyau don lokacin hunturu. Idan muka dauka a matsayin tushen tushen jinsin jinsin a kan layi, to, don Urals an bada shawara don zabi iri iri masu zuwa:

  1. Clematis Jakman iri iri iri su ne babban bishiya mai siffar daji mai siffar da ke tsiro a kan harbe har tsawon mita 4. An shafe bishiyoyi da kyawawan fure-fuka da kuma samun tushen tsarin. Ba su buƙatar kulawa ta musamman kuma har ma za su ba ka kadan da hankali tare da furanni na Lilac mai kai 20 cm a diamita. Wannan iri-iri yana bambanta da karfinta da tsayi. A lokacin shirye-shiryen hunturu, an yanke shuka ne gaba daya ko ya bar harbe fiye da 30 cm.
  2. Integrifolia (matasan irin clematis) An tsara nau'in kare dabbobi a matsayin rabuwa na ƙananan bishiyoyi, wadanda wakilan su zasu isa iyakar mita 2.5. A lokacin lokacin flowering, ana amfani da vines tare da furanni masu launin ƙwallon ƙaran da suka kai kimanin 12 cm a diamita.
  3. Vititsella (matasan irin purple clematis) - Kullun daji ne. Ganye yana da harbe mai tsawo har zuwa mita 3.5, wanda ƙwayoyin ya fara zama da furanni masu kyau waɗanda zasu iya kai har zuwa 12 cm a diamita, sun fi yawa ruwan hoda, mulu da ja. A lokacin flowering, wani babban daji yana rufe da daruruwan furanni.
Clematis woolly, Vititsella, Zhakmana, launin toka, budurwa, tsaka-tsalle, pilchatolistnogo, Tangut zai iya tsayayya da rage yawan zafin jiki zuwa -27 ° C. Duk da haka Shugabar da ba a nuna bambanci ba a tsakanin iri da ke dacewa da shuka a Urals, an dauke shi "Wil de Lyon" daga ƙungiyar Vititsella, wanda, ko da a cikin yanayi mafi tsanani, za su ji daɗi da kyawawan furanni.

Zaɓin wurin da za a dasa shuki

Lokacin da aka dasa shuki a cikin Urals, dole ne mu dauki matakan kulawa da zaɓin wata hanyar namo.

Yana da muhimmanci! Idan kuna ci gaba da girma, ku tuna cewa shuka yana jin tsoron iska mai sanyi da kuma zane, sabili da haka, idan kuka yi kuskure a zabar wuri a gare ku a yankinku, to lallai shuka ba zai iya faranta muku rai ba tare da haɓakawa da sauri.

Wurin da ake amfani da shi ya kamata ya bushe, ba tare da ruwa mai tsami a cikin bazara. Idan wurin da aka zaɓa ya kasance yana kusa da wuri mai kusa da ruwan ƙasa, to sai a kwantar da masallacin akalla 20 cm tsawo da aka yi da dutse mai gushewa ko tubali mai fashe. Saboda gaskiyar cewa clematis itace itacen inabi, yana bukatar ƙungiyar goyon baya. Da farko, ba shakka, dole ne ka ƙulla shuka, amma yayin da yake girma, zai fara jingina da goyon bayan kanta tare da taimakon dabbobin ganyayyaki.

Clematis yana son haske, sabili da haka wurin da za a saukowa ya kamata ya zama rana kuma ya kiyaye shi daga zane da iska.

Yanayin saukowa na clematis a cikin Urals

A cikin bude ƙasa dasa vines a cikin fall ko spring. Idan kun sayi sapling a cikin marigayi kaka, ya fi dacewa da shi da shi har sai lokacin bazara da ƙasa a ƙasa mai bude tare da zuwan kwanaki masu dumi. Idan ka sayi sprout a lokacin rani, tushen tsarin shi yana cikin akwati, sannan ana dasa shi a ƙasa a cikin fall. Bayan dasa shuki da kuma kafin dasawa, inji yana bukatar shirya shading mai kyau, wanda zai kare shi daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Idan ka saya sprout tare da tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, to, don ƙara tushen tushen da rayuwa ta shuka, dole ne a yi masa sauti na tsawon karfe 6 zuwa 8 cikin ruwa wanda aka sa Epin a baya.

Zabi na seedlings

Lokacin da za a zabar seedlings, ku tuna cewa domin ya zauna a cikin Urals da namo ba tare da matsala ba, ya wajaba a kula da hankali a ƙasa da rhizome don kasancewar lalacewar injiniya, har ma da ciwo ta cututtuka. Idan ka lura da cutar da ba a warkar da cutar a lokacin da ka saya shi, to, wataƙila mai naman gwari yana iya amfani da shuka, sabili da haka ya fi kyau ka ki sayen shi.

Yi hankali a duba rhizomes na seedlings. Zaka iya saya sprout a fili, idan an rufe tsakiya na tsakiya da ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan asalinsu, ba a bushe ba, ba su da magunguna da raunuka da rot ko mold. Idan yankan da ka zaba shine tushen kawai, ba tare da rassan da ke gefe ba, to, mai hawa ba shi da tushe ko zai cutar da shi na dogon lokaci.

Shirya shirye-shiryen rami

Clematis ba shi da kyau, amma yana da matukar damuwa game da zabi na ƙasa. Gidan yana son haske, mai kyau da kuma numfashi na numfashi. Idan yumbu ko ƙasa mai laushi sun fi yawa a kan shafinka, to don inganta halayen yanayi, ya kamata a hade shi da yashi a shirye-shiryen ƙasa.

Sakamakon ci gaba da ƙwayar mahimmanci ya dogara ne akan yadda ake dasawa sosai da kulawa da shuka, Musamman mahimmanci shine cika dukkan bukatun lokacin da yake girma a cikin Urals. A lokacin da dasa shuki daji, dole ne ka fara nutse rami mai zurfi 60 cm cikin zurfin, kazalika da 60 cm a nisa da tsawon. A tsakiyar rami yana da tudu mai tsabta, wadda aka rufe da wani sashi wanda ya kunshi sassa daidai na takin, humus da gona. Bugu da kari, 150 g na superphosphate da 400 g na dolomite gari an kara da shi.

Yadda za a shuka clematis

Lokacin da dasa shuki shuki ya kamata a kafa seedling a tsakiyar rami a kan tuddai tsaunuka. Yanzu a hankali yada shimfiɗa a kan rufi kuma ya cika su da ƙasa mai tsabta. Bayan dasa shuki a gonar inabi, wajibi ne don dan kadan ya karfafa ƙasa a cikin shinge da kuma ƙulla tsire-tsire zuwa tallafin da aka shigar da shi.

Shin kuna sani? Ya fi girma ga saitunan clematis, zurfi zai zama wajibi don shirya rami don dasa.

Bayan dasa, sai a shayar da shuka da ruwa mai dumi. Ka tuna cewa don hana haɓaka na tushen tushen jiki, dole ne a sha ruwa a dakin da zazzabi a farkon.

Yadda za a magance clematis a cikin Urals

Cikakken ba da kariya ba zai buƙaci yanayi na musamman don shuka girma ba lokacin da ya girma. Gidan zai kasance da godiya sosai ga ku don shayarwa mai kyau, da takin gargajiya, da haɓaka ƙasa da pruning. Kulawa da kyau ga mutum mai kyau shi ne maɓallin maɓallin albarkatunsa. Ana iya sanya tsire-tsire ta ƙasa a kusa da daji don bunkasa siffofin kayan ado na shafin, wanda zai taimaka kare asalin itacen inabi a kan overheating a rana mai zafi kuma zai hana yaduwar ruwa mai zurfi.

Watering

Don ƙwaƙwalwar kirkirar farin ciki mai kyau, zai buƙaci kungiyar ta dace. Ƙwararren watering ba shine dalilin da ya sa mutuwa ta shuka ba. Liana yayi rashin talauci zuwa saurin ruwa da yawa, musamman haɗari ga ita tana shayarwa a tsakiyar daji. Irin waɗannan ayyuka zai iya haifar da shan kashi na wuyan ƙirar tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire, kuma, in Bugu da ƙari, ƴan ruwa ba zai iya shiga cikin zurfin ƙasa ba, inda tushen mahimmancin ke samo.

Tushen inabinsu yana da zurfi kuma suna da zurfin zurfi, sabili da haka tsire-tsire yana buƙatar watering mai kyau: mai girma daji ya karbi akalla buckets na ruwa a lokaci daya. Watering mafi kyau ne a kowane kwana hudu, amma saboda ruwan ba ya yada a cikin wani tsami mai zurfi, amma ya shiga zurfin ƙasa. Don yin wannan, a kusa da daji don samar da rami mai zurfi a nesa na 40 cm daga kututtukan daji. A lokacin da dasa shuki shuka, zai yiwu a yi amfani da ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin filastik a cikin ƙasa kuma su zuba ruwa cikin su a lokacin watering.

Top dressing

Clematis yana buƙatar gabatar da manyan takin mai magani, wanda ya bayyana cewa shuka yana da tsayi mai yawa kuma mai karimci, kuma haka ma, yana buƙatar ƙarfin sabuntawar shekara na kasa.

Yana da muhimmanci! Ka tuna cewa ya kamata a yi amfani da taki a cikin ƙasa lokacin da yawancin malaman keyi, amma a cikin ƙananan ƙananan, tun lokacin da gwamnati guda daya ta amfani da takin gargajiya na iya haifar da lalacewar asalinta ta hanyar konewa.

Yayin da yake girma da kullun, ya zama wajibi ne don maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta da ma'adinai. Lian ya kamata a ciyar da akalla sau 4 a kowace kakar. Kafin gabatarwar takin mai magani, dole ne a shayar da shuka sosai, saboda wannan zai hana abin da ya faru na konewa na sinadarai.

A cikin kaka, kafin a shirya daji, don hunturu, kashi kashi 200 g da mita mita a cikin ƙasa. Asirin shine cewa don cike da girma da shuka yana buƙatar babban maganin phosphorus. Ba tare da wannan alama ba, ganye zasu fara girma launin ruwan kasa, kuma daji za ta dakatar da bunkasa. Zaka kuma iya faranta shuka tare da humus.

Shin kuna sani? Clematis daji, wanda yake a lokacin flowering, ba a bada shawara don ciyarwa, saboda wannan zai haifar da raguwa mai yawa a lokacin flowering.

A mataki na cigaba da cin ganyayyaki, clematis yana buƙatar karin takin mai da nitrogen, tun da rashin gazawa shuka ba zai iya bayyana cikakkiyar kwayar halittarta ba, kuma ganye da furanni zasu karami, zai iya fara juya launin rawaya kuma ya zama m. Don ramawa saboda rashin nitrogen, za ka iya ciyar da bishiyoyi da sukari a cikin ruwa ko tsuntsaye. Ana amfani da takin mai magani tare da ma'adinai. Liana yana son ammonium nitrate, urea da nitroammofosku. A lokacin bazara, tsire-tsire ma na buƙatar inlasta shi da potassium. A wannan lokacin, ya kamata a ciyar da bishiyoyi tare da potassium nitrate.

Da farko na farkon ruwan sanyi, ana zuba bishiyoyi tare da lemun tsami, wanda ke taimakawa hana kasar gona daga murmushi.

Pruning

Pruning shi ne mafi muhimmanci bangaren na cin nasara clematis namo.. Yana da muhimmanci ga rigakafin thickening da rejuvenation na bushes, da kuma kara da tsanani na flowering. Spring pruning na rauni, na bakin ciki da kuma lalace harbe taimaka wajen tsawanta flowering. A lokacin rani, an cire rassan rassan daga cikin daji, wanda ya haifar da fitowar sabon harbe kuma ya kara tsawon flowering.

Kusan dukkanin nau'o'in clematis bayan dasa shuki a cikin kuɗin babban tushe suna zurfafawa zuwa sama, don haka ana sa su, suna barin kaɗan daga cikin ƙananan buds. Wannan magudi yana motsa samuwa da yawa daga tushe.

A lokacin da pruning clematis Jacquesman, Vititsella, Intergrifolia, wanda harbe Bloom a farkon shekara ta rayuwa, cire da tsohon harbe aka gudanar a farkon spring kusan a tushe, wanda stimulates girma da sababbin rassan.

Taimakon Clematis

Don ci gaban al'ada na creepers yana buƙatar shigar da goyan baya, wanda za a iya wakilta shi ta hanyar arches, pyramids da zane-zane masu ban sha'awa. Lokacin zabar wani goyon baya, tuna wannan da kauri daga cikin abubuwa kada ya wuce 1 - 1.2 cm. Ya kamata ku lura cewa, girma, harbe na da muhimmancin nauyi, sabili da haka ba kowane abu zai iya tsayayya da su ba.

Yana da muhimmanci! Lokacin zabar goyon baya, kada ku dasa kullun a nesa na kasa da rabin mita daga bangon tubalin, kuma an dasa kayan shuka da yawa daga shinge na shinge, tun da kasancewar irin waɗannan sifofi zai haifar da ci gabanta.
Gilashin karfe da aka yi da raga kuma sunyi kusa kusa da tsire-tsire suna da kyau ga goyon bayan bishiyoyi. Babu ƙananan kyan gani da baka na faranti. Irin waɗannan kayayyaki masu kyau za su iya zama babban kayan ado na kowane shafin.

Hanyar haifuwa na clematis a cikin Urals

Clematis propagated by layering, rarraba da bushes da grafting. Duk waɗannan hanyoyi sune masu cin ganyayyaki, sabili da haka ba ka damar adana duk nau'ikan halaye da kuma samun tsire-tsire tare da tsarin tushen su. Mafi shahararrun jinsin jinsunan ga clematis a cikin Urals ne grafting.

Ana cire rassa da aka cire daga daji zuwa cuttings daga 8 zuwa 10 cm tsawo kuma an sanya su a rana a cikin mafita don tada asalinsu, bayan haka an dasa su a cikin wani gine-gine kuma an rufe shi da gilashin gilashi. Kafin tushensu ya bayyana, kasar gona inda aka sanya seedlings ana yaduwa da ruwa kuma a ci gaba da yin rigakafi. Bayan tsire-tsire sun samo asalinsu, an dasa su don zama na dindindin.

Ba abin da ya fi sani ba shi ne rabon daji. Ana amfani da wannan hanya lokacin da itacen inabi ya girma sosai, ko lokacin da aka dasa shuki a sabon wuri. Yayyafa bushes a farkon spring ko kaka. Bayan da aka haƙa daji, an raba shi zuwa tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu yawa, wanda aka dasa a cikin ƙasa.

Ƙwararrun lambu suna rarraba clematis by layering. Don samun kayan dasawa, ana shuka kananan ƙananan bishiyoyi a cikin ramuka da aka shirya a gaba kuma an rufe su da ƙasa, suna barin ɓangaren sama na titin sama a ƙasa. A tsawon lokaci, buds suna ci gaba, da kuma harbe an kafa daga gare su, wanda aka raba su daga iyaye daji, raba zuwa tsire-tsire masu tsin-tsire kuma an dasa su a ramin rami.

Yadda za a kare itacen inabi a cikin hunturu

Da farko na kaka, kana buƙatar tunani yadda za a kare kariya a cikin Urals daga yanayin zafi a cikin hunturu. Don yin wannan, tare da farawar yanayin sanyi, a lokacin bushe, zuba guga humus cikin tsakiyar daji, bayan cire dukkan ƙananan ganyayyaki daga shuka da zalunta da wuyan basal tare da jan karfe sulphate. Bayan haka, ana tafiyar da tudun daji zuwa tsawo na kimanin 15 cm tare da ash da yashi.

Don masu amfani da tsararru na gida suna amfani da hanyar bushe kawai: Ana tsintar da ingancin tsire-tsire ko a juya su a kan tushe, bayan haka an rufe su da bishiyoyin bishiya busassun, spruce rassan ko ƙura. An rufe shi da akwati, wanda aka rufe shi da wani abu na rufi, rufin rufi ko wani abu mai tsabta, wanda aka kwashe a sasanninta tare da tubalin ko duwatsu kuma an rufe shi da wani launi na ƙasa a saman.

Girman girma a lambun clematis yana buɗewa damar yin amfani da kyawawan marasa amfani ga mai shuka. Kuma idan ba ku da jinkiri kuma ku sanya yanayi mai dadi don shuka, to, kamar wasu bishiyoyi ne kawai za su juya har ma da mafi girman ɓangaren aljanna.