Mealy dew

Yadda za a magance cututtukan radish

Radish tana nufin amfanin gona na farko da ke girkewa wanda cutar ke da wuya. Duk da haka, har yanzu yana faruwa. Noma da aikin gona zasu dace da mafi yawansu. A cikin wannan labarin zamu magana akan alamu da hanyoyin magance cututtuka na radish.

Wannan kayan lambu na iya rinjayar duka ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma fungi na pathogenic. Suna janyo irin wannan cututtukan cututtuka kamar tsatsa, mosaic, vascular bacteriosis, da dai sauransu.

Shin kuna sani? Radish yana daya daga cikin albarkatu na kayan lambu na farkon, wanda, saboda abun ciki na bitamin da ma'adanai masu amfani da su, yana taimaka wa mutum ya shawo kan rashi bitamin. Tushen kayan lambu sun ƙunshi bitamin B, P, PP, amino acid, sugars, sunadarai, alli, phosphorus, baƙin ƙarfe da sauran abubuwa masu amfani.

Belle Kabeji Crops (farin tsatsa)

Ɗaya daga cikin cututtuka na furotin da yawa na radish da sauran al'adu na iyalin kabeji shi ne belle, ko fari tsatsa. Abin naman gwari shine Albugo Candida (Kayan dabbobi.) Grey. Yana rinjayar ganye, mai tushe, pedicels da gwaje-gwaje - an rufe su da farin ciki. Yayin da cutar ta ci gaba, yaduwar cutar ta zama launin ruwan kasa kuma ta bushe.

Abubuwan da suka dace don bunkasa tsatsa na fari shine tsawon sanyi, yawancin weeds a gonar, wani wuri mai tsabta a cikin kaka.

Matakan sarrafawa. Tun da tsire-tsire masu naman gwari a kan tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, yana da muhimmanci a magance weeds a lokaci mai dacewa da kuma aiwatar da girke-girke na tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire.

Tare da cikewar shan kashi na lilin, an yadu radish tare da shirye-shiryen jan ƙarfe, da fuka-fuki akan raƙuman daji a cikin giciye ("Ridomil Gold MC", "Ditan M", da sauransu).

Yana da muhimmanci! Yayin da ake yaduwa da fuka-fuka, ya zama dole don ƙara m. Wannan na iya zama mafita na sabulu na ruwa (1 ml na sabulu na ruwa / 10 l) ko wata hanya.

Quila

Wannan cututtukan fungal yana rinjayar tushen tushen radish - suna bayyana growths a cikin nau'i na kwallaye ko fusiform. Da farko, waɗannan ci gaba suna da wuya a iya bambanta daga tushensu, tun da yake suna da launin irin su. Kamar yadda cutar ci gaba, da tushen juya launin ruwan kasa da kuma rot. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa radishes ba su girma ba.

Bayanai masu ban sha'awa suna dasa shuki a cikin yankunan da ba su da yawa. Har ila yau yana taimaka wa ci gaba da cutar acidic ƙasa. Babban mummunar cutar da keel shine a lokacin lokutan rashin rashin ruwa. An rarraba pathogen ta cikin ƙasa ko taki.

Matakan sarrafawa. Yana da muhimmanci don halakar da weeds a lokaci. Tunda ana iya cutar da kwayar cutar tare da quillet, ya kamata a raba su kafin a shuka. Yana da muhimmanci mu bi shawarwarin don juyawa amfanin gona.

Don dalilai na rigakafi, kafin shuka radish (2-3 days), an saka itace ash (100 g / 1 sq. M) a rijiyoyin. Kafin dasa shuki da tsaba, kasar gona tana da kyau sosai. A lokacin da dasa shuki seedlings, lemun tsami an kara wa rijiyoyin (35-40 g / 1 da kyau). Har ila yau mahimmin yanayin shine culling na seedlings.

Don maganin wannan cuta na radish, ana kula da ƙasa da madara mai lemun tsami (2 kofuna na lemun tsami / lita 10 na ruwa). Amfani - 1 lita na bayani ga 1 shuka.

Shin kuna sani? Don kauce wa cututtuka masu yawa na radish, dole ne ka bi dokoki na juyawa. Wato: wannan kayan lambu ba za a shuka ba bayan duk amfanin gona na dangin cruciferous (kabeji, turnip, rutabaga, da dai sauransu). Zai fi kyau shuka shuke-shuke a kan mãkirci inda dankali, tumatir, legumes, da cucumbers a baya suka girma. A daidai wannan wuri ana kamata a dasa radishes bayan shekaru uku. Haka kuma ba a bada shawara don shuka radishes a kusa da kusa da albarkatun giciye.

Mosaic radish

Mosaic wani cututtukan hoto ne na kyamara na radish. An lalacewa a cikin girma a cikin tsire-tsire, tsire-tsire, da ɓarna mai karfi na girma da ganye. Alamun farko basu da mahimmanci - mosaic na tsakiya a kan zane-zane, wanda hakan ya zama kusoshi necrotic.

Matakan sarrafawa. Hanyar maganin mosaic radish a yau ba a kirkiri shi ba. Ciwon sikila suna da saurin cirewa da hallaka.

Tun da masu saƙa, bishids, da mites suna aiki a matsayin masu sukar kwayar mosaic, dole ne a dace da yaki da mamaye wadannan kwayoyin cutar tare da taimakon kwari. Har ila yau, yana da muhimmanci a sako ƙasa a ƙarƙashin radish da tsakanin layuka, lalata weeds.

Cruciferous Mildew

Alamar foda a kan ganyayyaki, petioles da stalks na radish na nuna shan kashi na shuka ta wurin fungi Brassicae da Erysiphe communis f - masu magunguna masu fatalwa. Bayan haka patina ya zama launin ruwan kasa. Zaka iya lura da shi yafi a saman takardar takarda. Ganye ya bushe, siffar su ta lalace. Dukan radish yana raguwa a girma.

Matakan sarrafawa. Idan ka lura cewa ganye masu radish suna bushewa, kuma kana neman bayani game da abin da za a yi game da ita, muna ba da shawarar ka zartar da tsire-tsire tare da fuka-fuka wanda ke hana ci gaban powdery mildew (Ridomil Gold MC, Ditan M, da dai sauransu) ko Bordeaux ruwa.

Don hana cutar, ya kamata ya bi shawarwari game da juyayi noma kuma kauce wa dasa shuki a kusa da sauran giciye.

Perinosporosis (downy mildew)

Kwayoyin cututtuka na peronosporosis sun bayyana akan ganye. A farkon ƙananan ƙwayoyin chlorotic an kafa a kansu, daga bisani sun zama rawaya mai launin rawaya, mai laushi, angular, sannan launin ruwan kasa. A ƙananan ɓangaren takarda mai launin fata akwai launin launin launin toka-launin toka. Maganin mai cuta na cutar shine naman gwari Pseudoperonospora cubensis Rostowz.

Matakan sarrafawa. Tare da ci gaba da wannan cuta, ana amfani da irin hanyoyin sarrafawa kamar yadda ake yi a cikin mildew.

Gishiri mai laushi

Tare da cututtuka na launin toka, tushen radish ya rufe shi da launin ruwan kasa, wanda ba a jimawa yana nuna fure-fure mai launin fure. Maganin mai cuta na cutar shine naman gwari Botrytis cinerea Pers. da kuma Fr., wanda iska, ruwa, ke haɗuwa tare da kamfanonin amfanin gona na asali a cikin ajiya. Black sclerotia zai iya samuwa a kan rassan shuka.

Abubuwa masu kyau don ci gaba da cutar sunada yanayin zafi mai zafi, misali, lokacin bazara da sanyi.

Matakan sarrafawa. Bayan ganowar tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, sai a cire su nan da nan a hallaka su. Don kare radish daga cutar, zaka iya amfani da mafitaccen bidiyon bidiyon, Bordeaux ruwa, masu fariya irin su Ridomil Gold MC, Skor, Khom, Fundazol, da dai sauransu. Don kaucewa cin zarafin pathogen zuwa shirye-shiryen, yana da kyawawan yin amfani da wakilai tare da kakar .

Yana da muhimmanci! Don dasa shuki ya zama wajibi ne a zabi irin wannan radish, wanda ke nuna juriya ga mafi yawan cututtuka.

Bacteriosis na jiki

Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna ciwo da bacteriosis vascular, seedlings basu da yawa. Alamar halayyar wannan cuta na kwayan cuta shine blackening na veins (tasoshin) a kan ganye. Ganye ya fara juya rawaya, crumble da fada a kashe.

An cigaba da ci gaba da bacteriosis na asibiti da yawan ruwa sosai da lalacewar al'ada ta hanyar kwari. Rashin kamuwa da cuta yana zaune a cikin tsaba, Sarauniyar Sarauniya da tarkace.

Matakan sarrafawa. Don hana kamuwa da radish tare da wannan cuta, ya kamata a biya kulawa ta musamman ga zaɓi na tsaba. Kafin shuka, ana kiyaye su cikin ruwan zafi (+50 ° C) na minti 20. Bayan haka ya kamata a bushe su. Zaɓin tsaba shine wajibi ne kawai a cikin tsire-tsire lafiya, kafin dasa tsire-tsirewar maye gurbin.

Har ila yau, wajibi ne a gudanar da girbi na girbi na amfanin gona na bayan girbi. Kada ka manta da ka'idoji na juyawa. Wani muhimmin bangaren rigakafi shi ne kula da kwaro.

Black kafa

Cutar cutar ƙwayar cuta ta kasa tana rinjayar matasan shuke-shuken, an nuna shi ta hanyar yellowing da nakasawa na ganye da kuma baƙi a tushe na tushe.

Matakan sarrafawa. Don hana irin wannan cuta a kan tsire-tsire, yana da mahimmanci don kulawa da tsirrai kuma disinfect da tsaba kafin shuka.

Seed abu ne bi da tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace Aloe, tafarnuwa ɓangaren litattafan almara bayani, manganese. Seedlings kada a dasa thickly. Ana sauka sauya sauyawa sau da yawa. Kar ka yarda yanayin zafi mai girma, nauyi mai ban ruwa.

Kwanaki uku kafin dasa shuki da tsire-tsire, dole ne a shayar da ƙasa tare da bayani na colloidal sulfur (40 g / 10 l na ruwa). Nan da nan kafin a dasa shuki, ana shayar da ƙasa tare da wani bayani mai zafi na potassium permanganate (1.5 g / 5 l na ruwa). Lokacin da girma shuke-shuke, ƙasar yana mulched kusa da stalks da yashi tare da Layer har zuwa 2 cm lokacin farin ciki ko tare da cakuda yashi da ash. Wannan yana rage hadarin ƙwayar cuta na fata. Har ila yau, seedlings shayar da wani bayani na potassium permanganate (3-5 g / 10 l na ruwa).

Idan ka lura cewa saboda wasu dalilai radish ya juya baƙar fata, mai yiwuwa kana da alaka da cutar da ake kira blackening daga cikin asalinsu. Tushen an rufe shi da launin shuɗi-launin toka. Haka kuma ana iya samun kusoshi a tushen tushen. Ganye ya mutu kuma ya mutu.

Matakan sarrafawa. Babban dalilin wannan matsala shi ne waterlogging, don haka watering ya kamata matsakaici. Dole ne a cire matakan ƙwayar cuta, a sake gurɓata ƙasa.

Girman radish yana da wuyar ganewa da kuma magance kowace cuta. Tafiye da bayani game da bayyanar cututtuka na cututtuka masu girma da kuma matakan jayayya, zaku iya fara fara nazarin amfanin gonar kayan lambu a lokaci kuma ajiye girbi.