Stafilokokkoz tsuntsãye (Stafilokokkosis avium) - harben ko enzootic cuta mai yaduwa daga dukan nau'i na cikin gida da kuma tsuntsaye, halin da m, subacute da kullum hanya da kuma nuna asibiti ãyõyin septicemia, amosanin gabbai, synovitis, kloatsitov, kuma a rarer lokuta - vesicular dermatitis, kumburi da infraorbital sinuses da 'yan kunne.
A yau, cutar ta rajista a duk ƙasashe na duniya. An bayyana shi da rashin ƙarfi da rashin lafiya.
Wani banda shi ne abincin mai gurɓata, wanda aka ajiye a cikin incubators tare da ƙananan ƙarancin pathogen a cikin yanayin ko lokacin da suke kamuwa da su lokacin alurar riga kafi.
Menene tsuntsu staphylococcosis?
Hanyoyin da ke tattare da pathogen suna yadawa ga tsuntsaye iri iri.
Daga cikin kaji staphylococcosis rashin lafiya:
- geese;
- ducks;
- kaji shekaru 11-16;
- turkey;
- pheasants;
- guinea miki
An rubuta rubutun Staphylococcus da farko kuma an bayyana shi a matsayin cututtukan da ke tattare da kimanin shekaru 100 da suka shude.
A zamaninmu, cutar ta yada a duniya. Bugu da ƙari, kaji na gida, sissies, bullfinches, parrots da canaries suna nuna babban mai sauƙi ga pathogen.
Sassaloli na watsa na staphylococcosis ga tsuntsaye:
- tuntuɓi, wato, tare da haɗakar kai tsaye na tsuntsu mara lafiya da lafiya;
- sashi, alal misali, a cike da takalmin jini;
- inganci - ta hanyar cin abinci da ruwa mai lalata.
Hanyoyin motsi:
- abubuwa masu tsabta;
- Gwaji;
- gurbata ta abinci da ruwa.
Harshen cutar zai iya taimakawa cin zarafin yanayin kiwon kaji.
Abun ciki a cikin dakin dumi, mai yawa, rashin abinci mara kyau, sauyin yanayi na kwatsam a gidajen gidajen kiwon kaji, rashin samun iska kuma, a sakamakon haka, karuwa a cikin maida hankali akan ammoniya a cikin iska, sauyawawar yawan adadin kaji. Har ila yau, dalilin cutar zai iya zama rigakafi da kaji tare da maganin alurar riga kafi.
Mafi sau da yawa, ana nuna cutar cutar staphylococcal tare da fassararllosis, Escherichia coli, Proteus, da kuma Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Ƙofar ƙofar kamuwa da cuta shine yawancin lalacewar fata saboda raunin da ya faru da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙwayoyi, sutura da kuma 'yan kunne. A cikin kaji da aka haife, shafin kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta zai iya kasancewa cibiya mara kyau, wanda zai haifar da ci gaban omphalitis.
Ƙananan hanyoyin da za a iya yin amfani da su irin su yankan katako, kullun, cire gashin tsuntsaye, ko kuma iyayen iyaye na maganin alurar rigakafi na iya haifar da kamuwa da cuta.
Tare da rage a cikin dabbobin da ba su da matsayi saboda ci gaban cututtuka da suka shafi ayyukan Fabricius ko kuma thymus a yanayin saukan kamuwa da cuta tare da staphylococcus a cikin kaji, ana ci gaba da cigaba da bunkasa kwayar cutar staphylococcal septicmia.
Lalacewar tattalin arziki daga cutar ya ƙunshi kunshi:
- ragewa cikin samar da kwai (a matsakaita ta 5-20%, amma yana iya zama mafi girma);
- hasara daga mace-mace (3-15% daga cikin wadanda ke fama da cututtukan);
- hasara daga culling (10-30%).
Har ila yau, da ƙarin farashin ya hada da farashin magani da kuma cututtuka na gidajen kiwon kaji.
Mai wakilcin causative
Pathogens na tsuntsaye staphylococcus - wakili na jinsin Staphylococcus daga cikin iyalin Micrococcaceae.
Wadannan sunadaran kwayoyin halitta ne, 0.8-1 microns a cikin girman, balaga.
Lokacin da canzawa akan Gram - tabbatacce. Jayayya da capsules ba su samuwa ba. A cikin shinge shirya a kungiyoyi da suke kama da gungu na inabõbi.
Ma'aikatan irin wannan staphylococcus sun sha bamban daga kaji.:
- St. albus;
- St. pyogenes citreus;
- St. aureus;
- St. epidermatis.
St. aureus (Staphylococcus aureus) an fi sau da yawa a cikin ƙasusuwan tsuntsaye, rassan daji da kuma kwakwalwan kafa. Kadan, ana iya gano shi a kan fata, a cikin jakar kwaikwali, zuciya, vertebrae, a kan eyelids, da hanta da kuma huhu a cikin nau'in granulomas.
Babban magunguna na staphylococci su ne hadaddun enzyme, exo-and enterotoxins.
Bayanai da bayyanar cututtuka
Zaman yanayi na cutar zai iya wucewa daga 48 zuwa 72 hours.
Bisa ga irin kwaɗaɗɗen ruwa, ana nuna bambanci da magunguna. A cikin wani babban asibitin, bayyanar cututtuka sun bayyana kamar dericitis vesicular, cyanosis na wuraren da aka shafa da kuma ƙumburi na membrane.
A cikin yanayin ci gaba na kullum, cutar ta nuna ta hanyar rage yawan ci abinci, rashin karuwar yawan aiki, rashinwa, da ankylosis na ɗakunan.
Ga farkon bayyanar cututtuka na cutarZan iya haɗawa da sashin jiki a kan wani ɓangare, ƙwaƙwalwa, ƙuƙwalwa mai laushi, sagging ɗaya ko biyu fuka-fuki. Tsuntsu ya zama mai aiki, yana da zazzaɓi. A cikin lokuta mai tsanani, damuwa mai tsanani zai iya faruwa, bayan mutuwa.
Idan cutar ta ci gaba da ci gaba, ɗakuna a cikin tsuntsu da suka shafi tsuntsaye za su kara. Ta zauna, ta tsalle a ƙarƙashin ƙwayoyinta da kuma jingina a kirji. Tsuntsu yana aiki.
Aarshotz roosters suna da kyau a karkashin hasken rana kai tsaye saboda launin su!Kuna buƙatar koyon yadda za ku magance pasteurellosis a cikin kaji? A nan za ku sami amsar!
Ana nuna ciwon ophthalitis Staphylococcal ta hanyar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ɓangaren ƙwayar murya da kuma kwakwalwan da ke ciki tare da ci gaba da ƙaddamar da ƙwayoyin cuta a wannan yanki.
A lokacin da ake gudanar da bincike na asibiti na marasa lafiya, kullun fuskar fuskar mutum da kuma sararin samaniya. A wasu lokuta, ana iya lura da siffofin ƙananan launuka masu launuka daban-daban a kan ɓarna.
Diagnostics
An gano asirin cutar ta hanya mai mahimmanci: akan hoton hoton, bayanai da aka samu bayan bayanan autopsy da kuma dakin gwaje-gwaje tare da sakin pathogen.
Domin yawan ganewar rayuwa, dole ne ka ɗauki tsuntsu marasa lafiya smear, shafa ko wanke daga yankin da ya shafa ko samfurin litter daga tsuntsu m.
Don ware wajan da ke cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje daga yankunan da aka shafa da kuma kwayoyin halitta suna yin biki a kan BCH (nama na peptone) ko MPA (peptone agar). Ana nuna kimanta matsalar ta hanyar amfani da jarrabawar coagulation.
Staphylococcosis dole ne a bambanta daga pasteurellosis da pullorosis.. Daga cututtuka marasa cututtuka, wajibi ne don ware waroros (daga rashin abubuwan ganowa) da kuma dermatitis da aka samu daga cutar. Tsayar da kwayoyin halittu domin sanin ƙwayar staphylococcus a kan kaji mai tsawon 30-60 na yau da kullum ta hanyar kamuwa da cutar intraperitoneal.
Jiyya
A farkon alamun cutar, an cire tsuntsu mara lafiya daga gidan, kuma an warkar da shi.
Tsuntsu ya dakatar da bada abinci mara kyau na asali daga dabba, ya gudanar da bincike akan kasancewar staphylococcus pathogenic.
Don magani, ana amfani da kungiyoyi daban-daban na maganin rigakafi. Lokacin zabar magani ya kamata a dogara ne akan bayanan gwajin akan yadda ake iya amfani da kwayar cutar zuwa wasu maganin rigakafi.
An dauki yanayin lafiyar tsuntsaye marasa lafiya. Far dole ne ya zama cikakke. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da kwayoyi wanda ya kara yawan halin da ke cikin jiki, ciki har da bitamin.
Tsarin rigakafi da kulawa
Don magance cutar, ana daukan matakai don inganta cin abinci da yanayin kiwon kaji.
A cikin wuraren da aka ajiye tsuntsaye, an yi amfani da cututtuka a gaban tsuntsu ta amfani da isassun iska na lactic acid, resorcinol, bianol, triethylene glycol.
Rashin aikin wanzar da bita da kuma haɓaka na qwai, gina jiki, kaya da kuma qwai yana amfani da 40% formaldehyde bayani a cikin lissafi na 10-15 ml da 1 cubic mita na dakin. Yawancin zafin jiki a ciki bai kamata ya kasance ƙasa da digiri 15 ba. Lokacin nunawa - 6 hours.
Suna ƙoƙarin kare tsuntsu daga sakamakon matsalolin danniya irin su, sufuri na tsawon lokaci, cin zarafin yanayin microclimate da amfani da alurar rigakafi.
Don rigakafin kaji a gonaki wadanda basu da kyau ga staphylococcus, ana amfani da toxoid staphylococcal. Ana samun maganin alurar riga kafi sau biyu a mako a shekaru 10 zuwa 20.
Anatoxin za'a iya sarrafa su duka biyu da kuma aerosol. Immunity ya bayyana a cikin kwana bakwai bayan magani na ƙarshe kuma yana da wata biyu.
