Tsarin bishiyoyi Akanin asalin Kanada, wanda aka samo sakamakon sakamakon zabe na kyauta daga tsaba na Macintosh apple. Yana nufin hunturu skoroplodnomu, fari-resistant da kuma hunturu-hardy iri-iri.
A lokacin yanayi na ruwan sama, itace yana iya fuskantar scab da powdery mildew.
Yankin ci gaban yanayi shine Volga da yankin Black Black na tsakiya. Dutsen ya dubi ƙananan, kambi yana da siffar m. Mafi sau da yawa, ana amfani da wannan iri-iri a matsayin itace ornamental.
'Ya'yan itãcen daidai daidai, babban, tare da ƙaramin waxy shafi. Haske tare da launi murfin launin murya.
Gwanon apple ɗin yana da m, m, mai dadi. An faɗo abincin Apple.
Wadannan iri iri suna da kyau apples tare da dandano mai dadi: Orlovsky Pioneer, Krasny Ranniy, Golden Delicious, Yuzhny da Aromatny.
Saukowa
Tsarin itacen apple na Lobo zai yiwu a hanyoyi biyu. - ta hanyar dasa shuki seedlings, wanda za'a saya da sauƙi a kowane kasuwa ko shafin yanar gizon, da kuma taimakon tsaba da aka samo daga 'ya'yan itacen da ya dace.
Tare da taimakon tsaba
Wannan tsari ne mai matsala, wanda ya fi dacewa da shi idan ya samu kwarewa a aikin lambu. In ba haka ba, yana da wuya cewa wani abu zai iya faruwa.
Ya kamata a lura cewa lokacin da aka shuka tare da apple tsaba, itacen ya kai girman girmanta (sau da yawa zuwa mita goma).
Kuma, kamar yadda ka sani, a karshen, itace mai banbanci zai iya girma. Duk da haka, wannan wata hanya ce mai ban sha'awa wanda ba zata iya kawo farin ciki kawai ba.
Mataki na mataki umarni don saukowa:
- Raba da tsaba daga 'ya'yan itatuwa iri iri Lobo.
- Gashi a karkashin ruwa mai gudana na dan mintuna kaɗan.
- Kwanaki uku muna ajiye tsaba a cikin ruwa (canji na canji kowace rana), domin wannan na iya ƙara karami na musamman.
- Muna kwantar da tsaba ga makonni shida a cikin firiji (zafin jiki mai kyau: -4 ° C), zabar daya daga hanyoyi masu yawa:
- an nannade cikin zane a cikin jaka;
- a cikin wani kunshin tare da koshin peat;
- a cikin kwantena tare da sawdust rigar;
- a cikin rigar yashi.
An shuka tsaba da aka dasa su a cikin tukwane mai zurfi, a ƙarƙashin tafarki, kuma a kan ƙasa mai kyau.
Saplings
Ana shuka itatuwan apple iri iri a cikin kowane yanayi uku:
- kaka (marigayi Satumba - farkon Oktoba);
- spring (marigayi Afrilu);
- rani (karshen Yuli).
Duk da haka, ana bada shawara akan wannan ƙwayar.
Babban kuma da dasa shuki a cikin fall shine cewa sapling ya riga ya dace da yanayin yanayin hunturu kuma ya ƙarfafa tushen.
A farkon lokacin bazara, al'adu sun fara tasowa. Wannan hanya ta dace a yankuna ba tare da tsananin sanyi ba a cikin hunturu.. In ba haka ba, yana da kyau a zabi lokacin bazara, sa'an nan kuma a farkon hunturu, itatuwan zasu fi karfi.
Yi tsanani da sayan da zaɓi na seedlings. Ya kamata su kasance:
- tare da tushen tsarin tushen;
- saya a cikin yankin tare da yanayin yanayin damuwa;
- yarinya, sa'annan suna hanzari da sauri zuwa ƙasa a yankin da za su girma.
Inda zan sauka?
Wasu suna dasa shuki tsaba a bisani a gonar, a nesa da ashirin da centimeters daga juna da kuma zurfin biyu centimeters.
Ruwa mai kyau da ruwa mai saukowa, tabbatar da cewa kasa ba ta bushe ba.
An shuka shi ne a nan da nan a kan gonar gonar, shirya a gaba don wannan rami. Zaka kuma iya shuka shi a cikin kwantena na musamman a karon farko (kwalaye, manyan tukwane).
Dole kasar gona ta kasance mai kyau sosai.
Lokacin saukowa akan shafin yana dogara ne akan shekarun seedling.
Alal misali, a cikin bazara ya fi kyau shuka bishiyoyi ba mazan shekaru biyu ba.
Idan itacen ya tsufa, yana da kyau a zabi lokacin kaka. Idan itacen ya tsufa, wannan lokacin shuki yana da shakka kaka, watakila ma kusa da hunturu. A wannan yanayin, itacen apple zai fi sauƙin daidaitawa kuma bai mutu ba.
Yadda za a zabi wurin?
Bayan sayen seedlings yana da matukar muhimmanci a zabi wuri mai kyau don dasa shuki itace.
Features na gonar yankin don girma Lobo apple iri:
- yanki na rana;
- rashin iska;
- yankunan da ake dasawa ya kamata a tsabtace su;
- ƙasa ne porous;
- an bada shawara don amfani da layi ko yashi ƙasa;
- kauce wa wuraren da ruwan karkashin kasa yake kusa da farfajiya;
- yadda ya kamata a shirya rami mai saukowa.
Saurin algorithm saukewa yana da sauki. Da mafi kyau duka sigogi na rami don dasa shuki apple na wannan iri-iri: 0,6,90,6,90,5m.
Ƙunƙasa na sama na ƙasa da aka ƙaddara ta haɗu da ƙananan kasuwa kuma an gabatar da takin gargajiya masu zuwa:
- 10 kilogiram na jan doki;
- 250 grams na itace ash;
- 250 g na superphosphate;
- 100 g na potassium sulfate.
Cika rami mai saukowa tare da cakuda ƙasa da taki 2/3. Duniya mai ban sha'awa ba tare da taki an zuba ba.
Ramin ya shayar kuma sake cika Layer na ƙasa mai kyau. Yanzu zaku iya dasa itacen apple kamar yadda ya dace, tare da taimakon wani. Bayan haka, tabbas za a ɗaura shi zuwa tarkon katako ta siffar takwas.
MUHIMMI: Kada ka yi masa kariya tare da takin mai magani lokacin da dasa shuki, don haka al'ada ba za ta ƙone ba.
Kula
Kula da itatuwan apple itace Lobo yana da sauki. Yana da muhimmanci a kula da yanayinta kullum da kuma aiwatar da rigakafi akan cututtuka daban-daban da kwari.
A mataki na farko
- Yin watsi da takin gargajiya a ƙasa kafin ya tsere ya kamata a gudanar da shi akai-akai.. Ƙasa ba ta bushe ba.
Amma tare da ban ruwa shi ma ya fi kyau kada a rufe shi, in ba haka ba itacen bishiya zai rushe. Dole a sanya akwati tare da itacen apple a cikin wani wuri mai haske. - Cutar farko: yadda za a taimaka girma?
Lokacin da kamfanonin farko suka bayyana, yana da muhimmanci muyi nazarin su da kyau kuma cire wakilan iri iri. An bambanta su ta hanyar kasancewar spines a kan harbe da ganye na haske kore launi.
- Kwalejin ilimi: yadda za a karfafa jariri?
Yawan matasan don samin katako mai karfi da kuma ci gaba da tushen tsarin yana buƙatar a dasa su cikin manyan kwantena (kwalaye ko tukwane). Zaka iya yin takin mai magani, amma nau'in halitta (ma'adinai, humus).
- Na farko dashi ya zo ne daga wurin kiwo zuwa gagarumin damar, inda taproot zai iya girma da yardar kaina. Na biyu canja wuri - a cikin babban tukunya ana gudanar da shi cikin shekara guda. Na uku dashi - ga mãkirci, zuwa wurin dindindin.
Gaba ɗaya, lokacin da girma apples daga tsaba, dasawa ya kamata a gudanar da akalla sau uku. Yana da wuyar al'adar kuma yana taimakawa ta zauna a lokacin dasa bishiyar bishiyar. In ba haka ba, itacen apple zai shigar da kayan aiki ta tsawon shekaru 15.
Ga wani matashi
Samar da asali don gina jiki
Dasa tsire-tsire itacen da kake buƙatar ɗaukar tushen farko a kusurwar 90 °Wannan zai ba da izinin al'adun su fi dacewa da shayarwa da kuma ci gaba da sauri.
An dasa, matasan 'ya'yan itace Lobo yana buƙatar watering.
Ƙaddamarwar Crown
Mu Ya kamata a daura wani yaro yaro a jikin katako. Mafi kyawun garter iri takwas.
A cikin yanayin dasa shuki seedling, a cikin shekara mai zuwa, a cikin bazara, yana da muhimmanci a samar da kambi na launi na itacen apple. Dole ne a datse ƙarshen kowane reshe.
Canja wurin shafin
Don farawa ya kamata tantance yanayin tushen da seedling.
Dukkan lalacewa da lalata sassa na tushen tsarin dole ne a cire.
Idan tushen tsarin da aka ci gaba da ɓarna, yana da kyau a ajiye itace cikin ruwa don kwanaki da yawa. Mafi mahimmanci, a lokacin da aka kirkiro irin shuka don yawancin ƙasar ƙasa ta kasance a tushenta, wanda aka canja shi zuwa wani sabon makirci.
Sabõda haka, kasar gona ba crumble daga tushen, shi wajibi ne don samar da yawan watering kafin transplanting.
Kafin yin digging sama, dole ne a satar da seedling daga kowane bangare, a lokacin da ake nufi da zurfi, yin digiri da pry da dunƙuler ƙasa tare da kayan aiki mai banƙyama. Canji ya kamata a yi a hankali..
Hakanan zaka iya amfani da kashi na uku na ƙasa daga tanki wanda itace ya girma a baya, haɗuwa da sabon ƙasa da takin mai magani a cikin shirya rassan dasa.
Kulawa mai kyau
Ko da kuwa lokacin da aka dasa itacen apple na Lobo, kulawa mai zurfi ya fara a farkon bazara. Kulawa na asali ya haɗa da takin gargajiya, gyaran ƙirar kambi, kafawar kambi, rigakafin cututtuka da cutar lalata.
Domin samun 'ya'yan itace apple don shekaru 4-5, kana buƙatar samar da taki tare da abubuwa masu zuwa.:
- Organic nitrogen da ma'adinai da takin mai magani;
- urea abinci.
Nan gaba kana buƙatar saka idanu akan ci gaban itacen kullum. Idan yayi girma, ganye suna juya kore, - to, duk abin da yake cikin tsari, baya ga yin amfani da cakuda. In ba haka ba, zaka iya ciyar da bayani mai tsabta (wani tablespoon cikin guga na ruwa) a ƙarshen bazara.
A lokacin rani, abin da ke biyewa:
- gabatarwar ash a cikin ƙasa;
- ciyar da takin mai magani na potash;
- ciyar da takin.
Musamman da amfani mulching pristvolnogo da'irar taki. Tsarin kewayawa ya yayyafa shi da ciyawar ciyawa ko bambaro.
Apple Lobo yana fama da rashin ƙarfi ga cututtuka na fungal, sabili da haka su rigakafi yana da mahimmanci. Mafi yawan matakan da ke da tasiri akan cututtuka daban-daban na apple iri-iri Lobo:
- pollination na colloidal sulfur da jan karfe mahadi;
- lalata abubuwan da aka shafa;
- haɗuwa da potash da phosphorus irin;
- gabatarwar ash a cikin ƙasa;
- kafawar kambi;
- ciyar da takin mai magani na potash;
- Calcium chloride spraying a lokacin girma kakar;
- girbi mai dacewa.
Dole ne a biya hankali sosai ga rigakafin kwari a gonar. Yadda za a magance asu na codling, 'ya'yan itace, da moths, haws da silkorms karanta a cikin kayan daban-daban na shafin.
Irin itatuwan Apple Lobo, batun dukkan nau'o'in kulawa suna kawo 'ya'yan itatuwa masu ban sha'awa tare da darajoji mai zurfi. Amfani da ingancin apples a saman.
Ana amfani da iri-iri a cikin gonaki kuma ya dace da amfani, duka mai kyau da sarrafawa. Itacen ya dubi kyau a gonar kuma ana amfani da ita azaman ornamental.
