Lokacin zabar itacen apple, lambu sau da yawa fi son lokaci-gwajin iri. Mutane da yawa suna sha'awar Rennet Simirenko 'ya'yan itace suna jin daɗi sosai.
Kyakkyawan amfanin ƙasa, ruwan inabi mai dadi-dandano 'ya'yan itatuwa mai dadi da tsarin kula da bishiyoyi kyauta ne masu kyau ga wannan.
Wane irin ne?
Nau'in "Simirenko" ya fito ne daga gida (Malus domestica) da kuma yana nufin ƙungiyar varietal "Renet". Da yake samun ta halitta, wannan safiyar marigayi ne. Masana sunyi la'akari da "Renet Simirenko" mafi kyau iri-iri a cikin abincin da kayan aikin gona a cikin itatuwan apple da kore fata 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Apples "Simirenko" na nufin hunturu adana har zuwa Yuni ko watan Satumba idan aka girma cikin lambuna tare da zaluzheniem (ciyawa mai ciyayi).
By hunturu iri ma kasance a cikin Matasa, Orlovskoe Polesie, Berkutovsky, Bratchud da Vityaz.
Ruwan jini
Kasancewa iri-iri marasa amfani, "Renet Simirenko" yana buƙatar kusanci da masu kirkirar apple na iri "Aydared", "Memory Sergeyev", "Korey", "Kuban Spur" ko "Golden Delicious".
Itacen itace "Simirenko" wanda ake saɓawa kanta, yana ɗauka daidai da kashi 11% na dukkan 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Description iri-iri Renet Simirenko
Bishiyoyin iri "Simirenko" suna girma sosai, tsayi, sama da matsakaicin matsakaicin launuka da launi daban-daban.
Kwanan kaji, Shtriel, Afrilu, Bogatyr da Aromatny suna bambanta da girmansu.
A kan rassan launin toka mai launin rawaya tare da launin launin ruwan kasa ko launin launin fata akwai launuka mai launi mai launi mai launi tare da gefuna gefen, yana da kambi mai zagaye.
Furen fararen furanni na matsakaici a cikin wannan apple maimakon marigayi, kuma girbi yana faruwa a tsakiyar kaka. Fruiting mixed, wato, a kan daban-daban tsarin kayan, irin su lance, kolchatki da twigs 'ya'yan itace.
A lokacin da yake yankewa, yi hankali kada ka cire rassan tare da horar da 'ya'yan itace. In ba haka ba, za a rage yawan ƙwayar girbin nan gaba.
Apples "Renet Simirenko" ya fito da haske ko launin kore mai launi tare da launi mai haske da haske a kan kwasfa, a lokacin rani mai sanyi, wanda yake da damuwa mai laushi. Har ila yau don iri-iri, yana da dabi'a don samun ƙananan warts a fata na har zuwa 7 mm cikin girman kuma sau da yawa 2-3 guda da 'ya'yan itace - wannan alama ce ta musamman na iri-iri.
'Ya'yan itãcen apple zuwa ga rassan na dogon lokaci, suna jiran girbi.
Girman apples ne matsakaici ko ma manyan, nauyi har zuwa 200 gkuma siffar ta bambanta daga zane-zane-zane zuwa zagaye na zagaye. Gwargwadon 'ya'yan itace santsi ne har ma, da kuma asymmetric. Abincin "Simirenko" mai dadi sosai yana da dandano mai dadi mai dadi tare da tinge.
Doctors musamman bayar da shawarar wannan iri-iri, wanda ba ya ƙunshi anthocyanins, ga mutanen da ciwon cuta da kuma na abinci mai gina jiki.
Tarihin kiwo
"Renet Simirenko" ya yada, ya fara bayyana a kan Platonic Farm a yankin Cherkasy a Ukraine. Maigidan gonar, L. P. Simirenko, ya gano irin wannan nau'in kuma ba shi da damuwa.
Har yanzu babu tabbacin cewa itacen ya girma ne daga wata ba'a sani ba ko kuma ya kasance daga tsofaffin iri da aka manta. A nan gaba, "Simirenko" ke bunkasa kuma ya yada a duniya.
Yankin rarraba
Anyi amfani da 'ya'yan apples Renet Simirenko don noma a kudancin Rasha, a cikin ratsan Black Black, a Kuban da Ukraine. Apple Renet Simirenko ya tasowa mafi kyau kuma yana haifar da 'ya'ya a cikin yankunan da ke kan gaba ko kuma gandun daji, inda yanayi mai dadi da wadata a ƙasa mai gina jiki ya haifar da duk yanayin da wannan.
A tsakiyar ɓangare na Rasha, mai kula da lambu zai fuskanci matsaloli - wannan iri-iri ba ya bambanta a cikin hunturu na hunturu kuma wani lokaci yakan kwarewa ko da a kudu. Tsarin dumi da kulawa mai ban tsoro zai taimaka wajen magance matsalar.
Idan kana bukatar wani hunturu-hardy iri-iri, kula da Tsoro, Winter Beauty, Moscow Late, Orlovskoye Polesye
Yawo
"Simirenko" yana nufin yawancin irincin precociousness. Gidan girbi na farko ya ba kawai shekaru 6 na rayuwa. Idan kayi amfani da ɗan gajeren lokaci na grafting, zaka iya jira don girbi don shekara ta 4. Matasan bishiyoyi suna ba da 'ya'ya a kowace shekara, da kuma mafi girma - zuwa karami ko kowane 2 shekaru.
Na farko, kowanne itacen bishiya yana kawo 'ya'yan itace 12-15, kuma yana da shekaru 10 - kimanin kilo 100 a kowace shekara. A matsayinka na mulkin, an cire amfanin gona a cikin marigayi Satumba ko farkon Oktoba.
Kyakkyawan amfanin gona suna nunawa ta wadannan nau'o'in: Bryansk, Orlov, Marina, Antonovka da Aport.
Dasa da kulawa
Ana shuka itacen bishiya a cikin kaka lokacin da akwai wata guda daya kafin sanyi. (a lokacin Satumba 20 - Oktoba 15), ko kuma a farkon lokacin bazara (a cikin karshen shekarun Afrilu).
Idan lambu ya yi marigayi a cikin fall tare da dasa har zuwa Oktoba 20, ya fi kyau bishiya bishiya bishiya a ƙasa, kuma a cikin bazara don shuka. A cikin gonar a kan mãkirci, yanayin mafi kyau mafi kyau ya zo kamar haka: 0.8-1 m ta 2.5 m.
Domin ya dasa tsire-tsire mai suna Renet Simirenko, yana da mahimmanci don biyan wannan makirci:
- Muna tono rami (zai fi dacewa 7 days kafin dasa), wanda yake da zurfin 60 cm kuma 1 m a diamita.Domin da aka fi dacewa a ƙasa yana da amfani don cika lambun - muna ninka shi a gefe daya daga ƙananan.
- A gaba shirya fatar don tallafin itace. Muna ƙona ƙarshensa don kada katako na katako ba ya lalacewa.
- Mun shirya ƙasa. Clay ƙasa tare da Bugu da kari na kogin yashi da peat ne mafi kyau zaɓi. Amma idan an yi amfani da ƙasa mai yashi, za mu gabatar da humus ko peat cikin shi.
- Kashe kasa na rami tare da felu kuma cika shi da ƙasa wadda aka ajiye a baya kuma ya cika da humus - Layer game da 20 cm lokacin farin ciki.
- Idan ana so fertilizing - 1 ko 2 buckets na itace ash da taki.
- Fall barci Sauran sarari na rami ne ƙasa mai kyau ko ƙasa mai kyau. Dole ne a yi raga mai zurfi kusan 20 cm.
Hankali - idan muka manta da cikakken cikawar rami, zamu yi amfani dashi da shukaccen nau'in shuka kuma yana hadarin tsaro.
- Muna fitar da kullun a tsakiyar cibiyar.
- Mataimakin yana riƙe da seedling a kan rami, tushen bishiyoyi sun daidaita cikin siffar dutse.
- Muna fada barci a kan tushen ƙasa mai banƙyama kuma ya sauke shi. Ƙaƙashin wuyansa (wurin da akwati ya shiga tushen tsarin) ya kamata a kasance a saman ƙasa. Idan aka zurfafa shi, sapling zai mutu.
- Ruwa da itacen - 3 ko 4 buckets na lita 10 kowace.
- Muna cike ƙasa a kusa da gangar jikin tare da sawdust.
- Mun ɗaure nauyin da aka yi a cikin tsutsa tare da nau'i takwas.
- A nan gaba, dole ne ku bi duk dokoki don kula da bishiyoyi.
- Watering. Wajibi ne a saka ruwa a kai a kai har yanzu bishiyar bishiya mai ban sha'awa, ta hana ƙasar daga bushewa - sau 3 a kowace kakar, 3-5 buckets kowace itace. Rashin rashin ruwa zai shafi tasirin harbe, kuma, saboda haka, girbi na gaba.
Tun daga ƙarshen watan Yuli, watering yana tsayawa sai itacen apple ya shirya don hunturu. Tsarin al'ada na adadin buckets don itatuwan 'ya'yan itace iri ɗaya ne, duk da haka, ana yin watering a matakai na gaba: a lokacin flowering, kafin kafa ovaries a watan Yuni, makonni 2 ko 3 kafin apples sun cika. Tare da yanayin da ya faru na ban ruwa na ruwa ya daidaita.
- Top dressing. A cikin bazara kafin farkon kakar girma, itacen apple yana cike da takin mai magani. A lokacin kaka ya wajaba don takin itatuwa da taki da ma'adinai.
Don ciyar da itacen apple da ammonium nitrate ya kamata ya zama hanya mara kyau. Ana ba da takin gargajiya na phosphate a cikin rassan earthen kusan 30 cm zurfi a kusa da tushe.
- Pruning. A cikin matasa bishiyoyi apple, kawai harbe ba kasa da 60 cm tsawo ya kamata a yanke. Wannan zai ba da damar adana ci gaban shekaru guda, wanda yawancin 'ya'yan itatuwa suka daura.
- Wintering. Apple "Simirenko" kullum yana jure wa fari da zafi, bazai sha wahala daga iskar iska mai yawa kuma bai yayyafa ba. Duk da haka, ba ta son sanyi sanyi, ba ya jure wa frosts, wanda ya lalace shtamb da rassan ko da a kudu.
Saboda haka, itace yana buƙatar tsari da asalinsu da mulching pristvolnogo da'irar a cikin fall. Mulch zai bauta wa peat, takin ko humus. Dangane da girma girma na harbe, da krone shafi sanyi recovers da sauri.
Har ila yau, kananan bishiyoyi suna da buƙata don ɗaukar kaya.. Tare da tsufa, ɓawon yaron ya kara ƙaruwa kuma baza'a ji tsoron su ba. Wata hanya mai kyau don kare kullun shine don wanke launi ko alli.
Ƙananan rawanin rassan da rassan rani a lokacin hunturu na buƙatar na yau da kullum.
Cututtuka da kwari
Abin takaici, itace apple "Simirenko" yiwuwa zuwa powdery mildew da scab.
Yin rigakafin wadannan cututtuka shine saurin da ya dace.
Yawancin lokaci scab apple itace kamuwa da a bara na foliage. Bugu da ƙari, idan ƙananan matasa ba su da lafiya, zai zama da wuya a ajiye itacen.
Don kauce wa matsalolin, dole ne a ƙone dukkanin tsofaffin ganye, 'ya'yan itace da kuma rassan da suka fadi a bara.
Idan Simirenko itacen bishiya har yanzu yana ciwo, kada ku yi amfani da ruwa na Bordeaux nan da nan. Yana magance cutar da kyau, amma ya hana ci gaban ganye. Zai fi dacewa amfani da ɗaya daga cikin wadannan kwayoyi masu zuwa: Polycarbacin (40 g), Acrobat M (25 g), Euparine (10-15 g) ko Didan M (25 g).
An shayar da samfurin a cikin lita 10 na ruwa kuma yana amfani da kowane makonni 2. Don sakamako mai kyau, magungunan kwayoyi. Har ila yau, jaririn yana fama da powdery mildew - ana aiwatar da shi kamar wancan.
Idan lokacin rani yayi zafi da bushe, masanan sun bada shawarar magance itacen tare da ɗayan kayan aikin da aka jera sama da makonni biyu kafin ɗaukar apples. In ba haka ba, yana da wataƙila cewa 'ya'yan itace za su kamu da cutar tare da scab da rot yayin ajiya. Ana gudanar da kayan aiki a hankali, kuma ana kulawa da hankali sosai a gefen ɓangaren ganye da farfajiya na apples.
Abokan baƙi a cikin lambun 'ya'yan itace sune cututtuka masu tsari kamar' ya'yan itace, tsutsiyoyi, moths, moths, da haws.
Don kare itacen daga kwari, a cikin bazara akwai wajibi ne don yada shi da kwayoyi tare da jan ƙarfe, da kuma kafin flowering - tare da cakuda "Zolona" da "Skor".
Yana da mahimmanci kada ku manta don cire weeds. Har ila yau Ana bada shawara don sanya takarda takarda a jikin itace. Wannan zai dakatar da kwari kuma ya hana su shiga shiga kambi..
A farkon spring, kafin bayyanar flower buds da farkon ruwan itace ya kwarara, Zaka iya fesa wani itacen apple tare da bayani na 700 g na urea a cikin lita 10 na ruwa.
Wannan hanya zai rushe dukkanin kwari daga kaka a kan bishiya da kuma ƙarƙashinsa. Sa'an nan kuma sau ɗaya a wata, zaka iya yin sutura "Simirenko" tare da shirye-shiryen halitta kamar "Fitoverm", "Gidan Lafiya" ko "Agravertin". Kada ku tsoma baki tare da aiki na gonar "Zircon", yana taimakawa wajen ƙarfafa jimlar apple da tsayayya da cututtuka.
Daban-bambancen "Renet Simirenko" - wannan babban zaɓi ne ga yawancin lambu. Girma mai girma, jure wa fari da iskõki, adana lokaci na adana 'ya'yan itatuwa mai dadi - duk wannan ba zai kasa kasawa ba. Ɗaya yana kawai ya dace da kulawa da itacen apple - kuma mai lambun ba zai yi farin ciki da ita ba.
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