Turawa masu girma a kasarmu suna karuwa sosai. Daga cikin iri dake ciki, iri-iri na duniya kamar su ceri Podbelskaya.
Ana darajarta don sauƙin kulawa, Kyakkyawan amfanin gona, da kuma dandano mai kyau. A cikakken bayani na Podbelskaya cherry iri-iri, wani ɗan gajeren tarihin zaɓi, hotuna da yawa more kara a cikin labarin.
Tarihin kiwo da yankin kiwo
An samo iri-iri a cikin karni na 19 a Jamus ta hanyar tsallaka iri-iri Lot da Griot Ostheim. Marubucin Podbelskoy ne Jamus Botanist da kuma makiyaya Karl Kohh.
Sabbin iri-iri da suka wuce nasarar gwaje-gwajen, an zubar da su a 1947, an haɗa su a cikin rijistar North Caucasus yankin. A cikin wallafe-wallafen akwai wasu sunayen Podbelskoy: Ministan Podbelsky, Kohova.
Don amfanin gona a wannan yanki ya dace da irin wadannan nau'in Black Large, Minx da Toy.
Bayyana ceri Podbelskaya
Cherry Podbelskaya yana da dabi'un mutum da halayen da zasu rarrabe shi daga wasu nau'in.
Tree
Podbelskaya wakiltar itace mai tsayi mai tsayi, yana kai mita 5 na tsawo. Ƙananan bishiyoyi suna da launi mai tsayi, dadi, ƙwararriya. Bayan lokaci, siffar ya zama mai laushi.
Haushi yana da sassauci, tare da gajerun lokaci, launin ruwan kasa tare da sautin ashy.
Rassan sun kasance kwarangwal, babba, launin ruwan kasa, suna motsawa daga gangar jikin a wani kusurwa na 65-70 °. Ana nuna harbe-harbe zuwa sama, tare da bayyanar 'ya'yan itatuwa a kan su tanƙwara.
Ganye yana da girma da kuma matsakaici a cikin girman (har zuwa 12 cm cikin tsawon kuma 6 cm a fadin), ƙananan oval, shafi tare da gefuna, dull, kore, shaggy da wuta a ƙasa. Ƙananan sikashin.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari
A Cherry iri-iri Podbelskaya bambanta a cikin yalwatacce, m blossoming. A furanni ne babba, 3-4 a kowace inflorescence. Petals suna zagaye.
Berries ne babba, har zuwa 6 grams kowanne, siffar launi. Burgundy launuka, kusan baki.
Jiki nama mai dadi ne, mai launi, duhu mai dadi. Juice ne mai duhu ja. Daga wannan nau'ikan za su iya yin abin sha mai kyau na gida (juices, compotes).
| Haɗuwa | Yawan |
|---|---|
| Dry matter | 16-17% |
| Sahara | 10% |
| Free acid | 1.3-1.5 MG. |
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, abun ciki na ascorbic acid na iya bambanta dangane da yankin girma. A cikin gidajen Aljannah Ƙasa Volga yankin ascorbic acid abun ciki shine 7-18 MG da 100 grams, da kuma a cikin Yankin Krasnodar, ƙididdiga suna da ƙasa kaɗan kuma sun kasance kawai 9-10 MG.
Dutse yana da ƙananan, zagaye, launin ruwan kasa mai haske, da rabu da ɓangaren litattafan almara.
Hotuna
Halaye na iri-iri
Ka yi la'akari da manyan siffofin Podbelskoy.
Podbelskaya yana nufin wani wuri iri-iri a cikin sharuddan flowering da farkon-matsakaici cikin sharuddan ripening berries. A cikin sassan garuruwan Caucasus ripens a kan Yuni 16-18kuma a cikin gidajen Aljannah na Lower Volga a farkon Yuli. Tsakanin amfanin gona zai iya bambanta kadan dangane da wurin namo.
Yawan iri-iri ne wanda ba shi da rai, yana bukatar pollination.
Zhukovskaya, Malinovka da Turgenevka sun kasance cikin nau'in da ba su da rai.
Good ceri pollinators ga Podbelskaya iri-iri ne: Lot, May Duke, Griot Ostheim, Farko na Farko, Anadolskaya.
Itacen yana da matukar damuwa da sanyi, talauci mai sanyi zuwa sanyi.
Yawancin lokaci sau da yawa sukan daskare a lokacin sanyi, snowy winters. Furen da buds zasu iya daskare a lokacin bazarar sanyi.
Grafted shrubs zo cikin fruition kawai shekaru 5 bayan dasa.
Masu nuna alamar amfanin gona na farko ba su da muhimmanci. Tare da tsufa, sun kara da shekaru 12-15 itace yana bada 'ya'ya sosai. A matsakaici, ana iya tattara itacen da aka kai 12-14 years 30-40 kg na berries. Mafi yawan amfanin da aka samu a cikin Crimea: har zuwa 70-76 kg daga wani daji.
Wadannan iri kamar Memory of Enikeeva, Rovesnitsa, Zhivitsa da Kharitonovskaya sun nuna yawan amfanin gona.
Dasa da kulawa
Ba abu mai wuya a kula da cherries ba, amma girma yana buƙatar kulawa da alhakin, kulawa ta yau da kullum.
Yadda za a shuka wani ceri.
A tsakiya, tsakiyar tsakiya, yana da kyau shuka shuke-shuke a cikin bazara. A cikin layinmu, yanayin sanyi na farko ya zo da wuri, don haka a cikin rassan sapling bazai da lokaci don rike tushen da kuma daidaitawa.
Idan aka girbe seedlings a cikin fall, suna buƙatar prikopat har sai spring.
Idan kuna son shuka itatuwan 'ya'yan itace da yawa, nesa tsakanin seedlings bai kasance ba ƙasa da mita biyu baya a jere, kuma tsakanin layuka ba kasa da mita 2.5 ba.
Kula da matakin ƙasa. Idan akwai fiye da mita 1.5-2, kana buƙatar ƙara ƙarin tudu. Kada ku dasa cherries a cikin kwari don kauce wa stagnation na ruwa a cikin ƙasa da kuma daskarewa 'ya'yan itace buds.
An yi zurfin zurfin tsagi don dasa (kimanin 50 zuwa 50 cm). Kasashen da aka ƙaddara sun haɗu da humus, ƙara 30 grams na superphosphate, 20 grams na potassium chloride da 1 kg na itace ash. Kula da abun da ke ciki na ƙasa. Idan yana da nauyi da kuma clayey, ƙara guga na yashi.
An sanya iri a cikin rami, an rufe ta da ƙasa mai yalwa kuma ta zuba buckets biyu na ruwa. Harshen wuyansa bayan saukarwa ya zama a matakin kasa.
Kafin dasa shuki, tabbatar da duba asalin seedling. Dole ne a cire sassan da aka lalata. Bayan dasa, an bada shawarar yin mulching kewaye da seedling. Dacewa kamar ciyawa: takin, sawdust, humus.
Daidai kula da cherries.
Girman ruwa akan bishiya shine kimanin lita 3. Zaka iya ƙara yawan watering a lokacin flowering, ovary, bayan ganye ya fada.
Dole ne a yi amfani da taki farko a lokacin dasa. Bayan wannan, shekaru 2,3 ba wajibi ne don ciyarwa ba.
A lokacin 'ya'yan itace, itacen yana mai da hankali sosai ga abincin da aka sanya a cikin tukwane, phosphorus da nitrogen. Ana amfani da takin mai magani sau biyu a kowace kakar: nan da nan bayan flowering na farko da bayan makonni 2 na na biyu.
Dole ne kula da ƙasa a kusa da itacen, musamman ma a farkon shekarun rayuwa. Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci kana buƙatar sassauta ƙasa, cire weeds, tattara fannonin da suka fadi. A cikin kaka, ƙasa a kusa da daji kuna kallon. Bazara ya iyakance ga farfadowa.
Cherry Podbelskaya yana bukatar shekara-shekara pruning. A cikin bazara ya wajaba a yanke busassun, lalace, rassan rassan. Har ila yau wajibi ne don cire tsohuwar tsohuwar ƙuƙwalwa. Yaro na daji yana buƙatar shirya pruning, don haka kambi zai sassauka daidai, kyakkyawan siffar. Yawancin pruning yana fara ne a shekara daya.
Cututtuka da kwari
Podbelskaya halin magance matsanancin maganin cututtukan fungal (ciki har da coccomycosis), da kariya daga chlorosis. Dole ne mai kula da lambu ya dauki jerin matakan da za a kare don kare ƙwayoyin kwari.
Kyakkyawar tsayayya ga cututtuka na fungal sun nuna Mazozovka, Dessert Morozova da Zhukovskaya.
Ana gudanar da aikin magani a cikin bazara. Itacen a wannan lokaci yana da wuya ga cututtuka, don haka kana buƙatar kulawa da hankali da kulawa da shi.
Don hana kamuwa da cuta, kana buƙatar ka riƙe sunadarai magani na Bordeaux cakuda da azophos.
A cikin bazara an bada shawara don wanke gangar jikin bishiyar kuma yin gyaran fuska. Ana bin ciwo wani bayani na jan karfe sulphate, da kuma Paint a saman.Wannan zai zama kariya mai kyau daga kwari.
Kar ka manta da yaduwa a kasa sosai a cikin bazara, amma maimakon kunna shi. Har ila yau, mai kyau rigakafin da kwari.
Daban-daban Podbelskaya tsawon auku a ƙauna da mutane da yawa lambu. Sun fi son shuka shi saboda rashin wahala, dandana berries, versatility.
Za'a iya cin 'ya'yan itatuwa, an sayo su sayarwa, da kuma shirya kayan ado mai kyau (kayan lambu, kayan' ya'yan itace, tsirrai, kayan abinci). Dole ne mai kula da kulawa ya kula da matakan sanyi, ya kula da matakan tsaro da kwari da cututtuka.
