Krestovnik krupnoyazkovy - Afirka ta Kudu harshen "tsohon mutum"

Senegal - Sunan Latin na irin tsire-tsire masu nau'in tsire-tsire wanda aka shuka shi - daga kalmar "senex", "tsohon mutum".

Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa yawancin jinsuna na wannan rukuni suna da gashin gashi ko gashin "flower" bayan kwalluna sun tashi.

Krupnoyazykovy krestovnikDuk da haka, ba tare da "launin gashi" ba, kuma ba tare da "baldness" ba.

Krupnoyazykovy krestovnik ne mai tsayi Evergreen Liana tare da fleshy ganye har zuwa 8 cm tsawo - kore ko motley, yi wa ado da rawaya-fari ratsi da kuma spots.

Hanya siffar - haɓaka ko kuma pentagonal, tare da wani ɓangaren tsakiya na tsakiya, wanda yake da "harshe" tare da hanyoyi madaidaiciya, wanda irin wannan baptismar ya karbi sunan Latin "Senecio macroglossus" ("babban harshe").

A yanayi, wannan itacen inabi ya bunƙasa a Afrika ta Kudu, ciki har da yankunan da ke cikin yankin Natal. Daga nan ya zo wani suna don shuka: "Natal ivy".

By bayyanar babban kuthovnik mai tsummaYana da kama da launi, amma yana da bambancin bambanci: hankulan da aka yi amfani da su: lokacin farin ciki, rami, tare da murfin waxy.

Gaskiyar cewa "Ivy na Natal" wani ganye ne da yake bayani game da asalin wani sunan da ake sayar da wannan itacen inabi: adhesion. An ba da wannan sunan don girmama magungunan Jamusanci Klein, wanda ya yi nazarin ainihin siffofin krestovniki.

Bugu da ƙari, ganyayyaki masu launi da tsakiya na tsakiya da launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa, mai laushi mai laushi, "Ivy" na Natalian an yi ado a cikin hunturu da farkon bazara da kananan furen furannikamar daisies.

A ruwan 'ya'yan itace ne mai guba. Idan ya hadu da fata, zai iya haifar da haushi da rashin lafiyan halayen, kuma idan ya shiga jiki, zai iya haifar da guba.

Saboda haka, krupnoyazkovy krestovnik kada a girma inda akwai dabbobi da kananan yara.

Hotuna

Kulawa na gida

Overall godfather babban-tongued unpretentious kuma baya buƙatar kowane fasali a kulawa. Babban matsala shi ne lura da yanayin zafi da yanayin zafi: lokacin da yake damuwa a cikin hunturu, wannan itacen inabi yana da masaniyar kwashe dukan ganye.

Haskewa

"Ivy na Natal" yana buƙatar haske mai haske. Daga wani wuce haddi na tsanani haske, da ganye juya rawaya da curl. Sai kawai windows windows suna contraindicated zuwa gare shi, kuma a kudu, a lokacin zafi summer, shading da ake bukata.

Zazzabi

Yawan zafi dacewa ya zama rana - babu mafi girma fiye da digiri 25, da kuma daren - daga 12 zuwa 16. Tsarin tsire-tsire na hunturu yana da kyau a digiri 15-18, tare da yiwuwar karuwa zuwa digiri 12.

Ƙasa cewa

Ƙasa ga krestnikovya zama talakawa don masu saurin gudu: kadan acidic, ba overly nutritious, sako-sako da, airtight da danshi permeable.

Daga kayan da aka yi a shirye-shirye sunyi dacewa da wadanda aka tsara don cacti da masu sa maye.

Wadannan abubuwan da ake biyowa suna bada shawarar don samar da kansu: yawancin nau'in sod, ƙasa mai laushi da yashi. biyu sassa na sod sodiya tare da daya sashi na yashi ko perlite; sod, ganye ƙasa, peat, humus da yashi - daidai.

Saukowa

Wani akwati don dasa shuki "Ivy na Natal" shine mafi alhẽri ga zabi mai faɗi m kuma ba ma girma ba. Yana da matakai mafi kyau na kayan abinci mai laushi, samar da isasshen ruwa na danshi da respiration na tushen tsarin - yumbu, ba tare da ci gaba da kwanciyar hankali ba. Dole ne a rami rami a kasa.

Daga kasan ƙasa wani Layer na yumbuɗa kumbura ko kananan pebbles - ya zama dole don tabbatar da ruwa mai kyau - sa'an nan kuma sanya ɗakin ɗakin da ke da kayan ado.

Tushen tushen - yanayin rashin lafiyar duk masu maye da kuma lokacin dasa shi dole ne a kare shi musamman. Sa'an nan kuma suna cika da compacted, ba tare da tamping, da dasa substrate.

Tashi

Ya danganta da yawan girma da shekarun, harshe mai girma-harshe a cikin kowane shekara 1-3 (matasa shuke-shuke - mafi sau da yawa) a lokacin bazara, kuma an zaɓi tukunya kawai dan kadan ya fi girma.

Bayan sayen saya "Natalian Ivy" lokacin da za a faɗata don sabon yanayi a gare shi don akalla makonni biyu.

A wannan lokacin, ya fi kyau a ajiye tsire a cikin keɓewa, daga kofe da aka samu a gidanka: matsalolin kamar cututtuka da kwari suna iya zuwa haske daga sabon gidanka.

Sa'an nan, idan shuka ta "zo" zuwa gare ku a cikin tukunyar tashar mai saurin nauyi, ya kamata ku dasa shi, lura da yanayin da ake bukata: akwati mai dacewa tare da rami a ƙasa, mai laushi mai laushi, ruwan magani mai dacewa.

A yayin da ake sawa, kuna buƙatar duba matsayin tushen tsarin radix da aka samu.

Idan akwai wuraren da aka lalata, an cire su, an kuma yayyafa wuraren da aka ji rauni tare da gauraye. Tare da shan kashi na tushen asalin, dole ne ka wanke tushen, shuka shuka, sannan ka bi da ƙasa cikin tukunya tare da kwari don kasar gona.

Air iska

Ba kamar sauran nau'o'in Allah baftisma, babban harshe yana son moisturizing - tazarar lokaci a lokacin rani, da kuma hunturu - mafi mahimmanci, amma idan shuka yana cikin ɗakin dumi. Tsawon wanka a cikin shawa zai kuma amfana da wannan itacen inabi.

Girma da kuma pruning

Halin girma na krestovnik mai girma ya kai 20-30 cm a kowace shekara, kuma mai yiwuwa zai iya girma har zuwa 3 m a tsawon. Irin wannan shuka a cikin gyaran gida yana buƙatar goyon baya da kuma pruning.

Yi amfani da wannan layi a springdon samar da wata tsire-tsire, cire tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire kuma sake sake shuka.

Irin wannan gadfly da sauri ya sake ƙaramin ganye a kan tsofaffin furanni, an kwantar da su ga mummunan kayan ado.

Sabili da haka, an yi amfani da "Natalian ivy" sau da yawa don shekaru 2-3, sannan a maye gurbinsa tare da samfurori samfurori da ke girma daga cuttings.

Watering

A cikin hunturu, "shayarwar Natal" yana shayarwa lokaci-lokaci, yana mai da hankali akan gaskiyar cewa don hana wilting daga cikin ganyayyaki. A cikin bazara, tare da farkon kakar girma, ruwa ana sarrafa shi, amma sau da yawa, kuma a lokacin rani - har zuwa sau biyu a mako. Yayin da yake nisawa, tozarin ƙasa dole ne ya bushe.

Top dressing

Tun daga watan Maris zuwa Agusta, sau biyu, sau biyu a mako, An ciyar da shi tare da cakuda na musamman don shuke-shuke na cikin gida tare da kayan ado. A cikin lokacin hunturu-kaka ba sa yin riguna.

Flowering

Wannan maƙerin, ba kamar ainihin kishi ba, blooms haske rawaya "daisies". Idan a kan iyayenku an fitar da fatar jikin su na bakin ciki - wannan alama ce ta kula da tsire-tsire. A gida, lokacin flowering yana tsakiyar tsakiyar hunturu - farkon bazara.

Kiwo

Krupnoyazchkovy krestovnik sauƙin propagated by cuttings da iska layeringmafi wuya - tsaba.

Tsarin hanyoyi:

1. Sauya ta hanyar cuttings.
   Cuttings 4-5 cm tsawo an yanka a spring ko lokacin rani, kuma sassan suna located dama a karkashin ƙulli.

   Gasa kayan ya bushe, an cire ƙananan ƙananan ganye, sa'an nan kuma a ƙaddamar da su a cikin wani ƙwayar mai yayyafi mai yadu, dan kadan yana shayar da ita.

   A matsayinka na mulkin, an kafa asalinsu cikin mako guda, sannan a dasa bishiyoyi da dama a cikin tukunya da malalewa da ƙasa mai dacewa.

2. Wannan liana zai iya zama yaduwa da cutarwawanda kuma an bushe shi kaɗan, sa'an nan kuma ya aika da ruwa tare da ruwa don farawa.

   Bayan kafawar asalinsu, ƙwayar leaf yana girma a cikin wani cakuda mai haske da yawancin yashi, sa'an nan kuma a cikin tukunya da "girma" ƙasa.

3. Sake haifar da layering.
   Krupnoyazykovyy krestovnik da yarda propagated by layering. Wannan iyawarsa na iya amfani da ita don rufe ƙananan "ɓoye" a cikin tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire: a cikin tukunya daya ɗaya daga cikin rassan ya durƙusa zuwa ƙasa kuma an gyara shi.

   Ba da da ewa yana da tushe kuma yana ba da sabon harbe. Irin waɗannan cututun za a iya aikawa zuwa wasu tukwane. Bayan an shafe, an rabu da su daga iyaye.

4. Tsarin iri.
   Wannan hanyar haɓakawa ya fi rikitarwa kuma yana cinyewa lokaci. Bugu da ƙari, dole ne tsaba su zama sabo - in ba haka ba an rage su.

   Ana yin shuka a watan Maris, a kan gurasar cakuda mai yayyafi mai yatsa. Rufe tare da fim na filastik, iska a kai a kai a cikin iska, saka idanu da matsanancin zafi na substrate.

   Tsaba, idan ba su rasa rassan su ba, sun yi tsawon kwanaki 7-10. Tare da zuwan bishiyoyi biyu na gaskiya, ana iya zaunar da zaren.

Cututtuka da kwari

Cututtuka da rashin kulawa da kyau ga cututtuka:

1. Shankura da mutuwa daga ganyeSakamakon wurare masu launin yanki a kansu shine alamar cewa an ajiye injin a cikin dumi mai dumi, tare da rashin talauci mara kyau na rashin ruwa da rashin ruwan zafi.
2. Ƙananan yankunan launin ruwan kasa a kan foliage - sakamakon sakamako mai tsawo don hasken rana.
3. Brown da launin ruwan kasa a kan ganye, sau da yawa tare da launin rawaya, sun bayyana a lokacin da kasar gona ke yin rigar, musamman a hade tare da ƙananan zafin jiki, ciki har da idan an shayar da shuka sosai tare da ruwan sanyi.
<>Ƙananan, da wuya samar da foliage, elongated harbe - sakamakon rashin haske.
4. Bacewar launin launi mai launi - sakamakon wani rashi na haske ko na gina jiki

Krupnoyazchkovy krestovnik ya karu da hankali ga m danshi a cikin ƙasa, musamman ma a yanayin yanayin zafi.

A irin waɗannan lokuta, ana shuka shuka. fungal cututtuka da kuma rot.

Idan ka gudanar da kama wadannan matakai a farkon, nan da nan sanya itacen inabi a wani wuri mai zafi kuma bari ƙasa ta bushe, akwai damar samun "Ivy na Natal" zuwa rayuwa.

Dukkanin abubuwan da aka shafa, an rufe su da launin ruwan kasa-launin ruwan kasa ko launin toka powdery mildew, buƙatar cirewa, ƙaddara furo-fom din shirye-shirye.

Idan kamuwa da cuta ya rigaya ya wuce, dole ne ka kawar da gonar inabin, ka rike da kayan da ke da lafiya don girkewa.

Aphid, Mealybug, gizo-gizo mite, scab, ko thrips iya shirya a kan ganyen godson..

Yankunan da wadannan kwari ya shafi ya kamata a bi da su a halin yanzu da akalla ruwan sha. Mafi mahimmanci ma'ana shine kwari na tsarin aiki.

Ƙarin ɓangaren ɓangaren itacen inabi yana da damuwa ga mealybug. A cikin irin wannan kwari, ana wanke asalinsu kuma ana biye da ƙasa tare da kwari ga kasar gona.

Kyakkyawan fasalin kudancin Afirka ta kudu tare da furen furanni da furanni - "daisies" - mashahurin babban harshe, Siziol macroglossus, "Ivy na Natal", adhesion - wani abu mai laushi da kuma maras lafiya.

Tare da kiyaye ka'idodin ka'idodin abun ciki, wannan tsire-tsire yana tsiro da sauri kuma sauƙi yana yaduwa da cututtuka da yadudduka waɗanda suke riƙe da m ganye ko bambaro-rawaya rawaya da ratsi na shuke-shuke.