Ƙasa a cikin greenhouses sosai sau da yawa wani wuri ne mai kiwo daban cututtuka na kokwamba.
Gizo-gizo mite, powdery mildew, tushen rot, sclerotinia - yawa sauri yada a cikin sararin samaniyafiye da filin bude.
Saboda haka haka yana da mahimmanci wajen saka idanu akan yanayin tsabtace gine-gine kuma a lokaci zuwa disinfect. Dole ne a gudanar da ayyuka mai banƙyama a cikin fall, da kuma a cikin bazara. Har ila yau, don cikakken ci gaban cucumbers, wajibi ne a ci gaba da ciyar da takin mai magani daban-daban.
Shirin shiri na Greenhouse
Kwanci
Tsari na kaka na greenhouse don dasa shuki cucumbers: a tsakar hunturu, a cikin greenhouse kana buƙata cire duk sauran tsire-tsire, don kwantar da ƙasa da kuma fitar da tushen ɓauren, da kuma zubar da sassan, misalai da kaya. Mafi daceccen nau'in kayan aiki na greenhouse yana yadurawa tare da bayani na disinfecting na kashi 40% (200 cm3 na shiri ana buƙatar 10 lita na ruwa).
Idan an gano kwaro irin su gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, to, ta bi da tare da bugun jini (ga lita 10 na ruwa kana buƙatar 1 kg na miyagun ƙwayoyi). Zaka iya ɗauka da creolin, amma ya zama maras dacewa - mai girma patina yana da wuya a wanke gilashin. Sau da yawa yin amfani da kashi 5% na sulphate ko fumigation tare da bama-bamai mai buri.
Cutar da ƙasa ga greenhouse, don cucumbers, zai taimaka irin wannan sunadarai sunadaraikamar yadda yake da ruwa ko kuma jan karfe sulfate. Idan ya cancanta, an cire saman Layer na duniya kuma an sarrafa shi a waje da greenhouse. Dole ne a gudanar da tsabtace kayan lambu a kowace shekara.
A cikin kaka ba daidai ba ne don samun lokacin girbi mai girbi. Zai fi kyau a yi haka yayin da ya fi ƙarfin waje. A lokacin da girbi, a lura cewa don 1 mita na spring greenhouse 0.5-0.7 m3 na taki da ake bukata. An sanya shi a kusa da greenhouse da kuma karara don kada ya yi zafi sama da ba daidai ba. Top rufe da ƙasa, ganye, peat.
Spring
A lokacin bazara, dole ne a shirya shirye-shiryen greenhouse don dasa shuki cucumbers. Shiri na kasar gona a cikin greenhouse a cikin bazara a karkashin cucumbers, kamar haka: An warmed up by yankan, watau girgiza tare da kayan aiki, tedding a dung heap. Sabili da haka, suna kokarin hada dakin dumi na taki da masu sanyi. Wadannan ayyuka dole ne a gudanar da kwanaki 4-5 kafin kwanciya a cikin greenhouse.
Idan gurasar ta ci gaba da sanyi, an shafe shi da ruwan zafi. Za a iya sanya duwatsu mai tsanani da ƙona mai ƙanshi a cikin tari. Akwai wasu hanyoyi. Nama, warmed up to 60-70 ° C, kawo inward kuma sanya Layer na 57-63 cm. Taki a lokaci guda Soars, ammoniya smelling.
Bayan 'yan kwanaki, ƙanshi zai ƙare kuma zazzaɓi zazzabi.
Yin tafiya akan taki ba a bada shawara ba, saboda lokacin da aka ƙera shi, ƙona zai tsaya ba tare da wanzuwa ba, sabili da haka, an ajiye allon a wurare na sashi.
10 cm high ƙasa ne piled a saman da taki. Cakuda na gina jiki don dasa shuki cucumbers an shirya daga daidai sassa na sod sodiya, peat da humus. Wani lokaci amfani da takin.
A shirye-shirye na kasar gona a cikin greenhouse ga cucumbers, duba bidiyo:
Formation of gadaje
Gidajen gada a cikin greenhouse don cucumbers, wanda ya samo asali daga girman gine-gine, yawanci ana nuna shi ta hanyar 2-3. Kada ku sanya su fiye da mita 1, don haka kada su hana shiga tsire-tsire, kuma su kula da su. Don hana hana yin amfani da lakaran ƙasa a lokacin watering zai taimaka wa bumpers na musamman a kan gefen gadaje.
Mafi tsari mai kyau na gadaje domin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire shi ne shugabanci daga yamma zuwa gabas. A wannan yanayin, ana rufe cucumbers kamar yadda ya yiwu a ko'ina cikin yini.
Yana da mahimmanci mu tuna cewa nesa mafi kyau tsakanin tsire-tsire a cikin jere ya kamata 30 cm, tsakanin layuka 25-30 cm Ya zama dole ya koma baya daga ganuwar akalla 23-27 cm.
A kan wannan dalili, ana yin alamar wuraren shafuka masu zuwa a nan gaba. Mutane da yawa masu lambu, suna da kayan lambu, fi so in shuka tsaba nan da nan, don kewaye da mataki na "gida" seedlings.
Hanya na biyu shi ne shuka da riga an shirya seedlings. An dasa itatuwan duman a cikin lambun a ranar 14 ga watan Afrilu a shekara ta 26-30, suna lura da nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire. A cikin lokaci na dasa shuki seedlings (1 mako) da zazzabi a cikin greenhouse Kyawawa don tadawa zuwa 27 ° C, da kuma zafi har zuwa 86-87%.
Top dressing
Don inganta cigaba shuke-shuke a kai a kai (Sau ɗaya a mako) ciyar da sama. Yadda za a ciyar? Abinda ke ciki da sashi na takin mai magani ya dogara ne akan shekaru, yanayin shuka, da mahimmancin yanayin yanayi. Zaka iya bin adadin abin da ya dace daidai da ƙwayar taki don tushen rukuni na cucumbers.
Binciki kan shafin yanar gizonmu yadda za'a samar da wata cuta ta cucumbers da kuma samar da ruwa a cikin greenhouse.
Girma na sama na cucumbers a cikin greenhouse kafin fruiting (ga guga 1 na ruwa):
- ammonium nitrate 12 g;
- potassium sulfate 25 g;
- superphosphate 20 g;
- jan karfe sulfate 1 g (amfani da taki 3-4 sau da kakar);
- boric acid 0.5 g (amfani tare da takin mai magani sau 3 a kowace kakar)
- manganese sulfate 0.5 g (amfani tare da takin mai magani 3-4 sau da kakar);
- bayani na mullein 1 (1: 8) a cikin lita.
- ammonium nitrate 8 g;
- potassium sulfate 35 g;
- superphosphate 23 g;
- jan karfe sulfate 1 g (amfani da takin mai magani sau 3 ta kakar);
- boric acid 0.5 g (amfani tare da takin mai magani sau 3 a kowace kakar)
- manganese sulfate 0.5 g (amfani da takin mai magani sau 3 da kakar);
- bayani na mullein 1 (1: 8) a cikin lita.
Sunny weather ne mafi kyau lokaci don amfani tushen dressings.
Wata rana kafin amfani daga tashar kayan ado na superphosphate. An adana wasu adadin da ruwa da kuma haɗuwa. Ana kawo karshen maganin da sauran sinadaran, kafin amfani da taki don greenhouses tare da cucumbers. A karkashin matasa shuke-shuke zuba 1/2 lita, a karkashin manya - game da 1 lita na bayani.
Cucumbers ba su yarda da ƙasa acidic, amma tare da yin amfani da takin mai magani tare da ma'adinai na ma'adinai.
Rashin ruwa daga ƙasa yana rage yawan lokaci, samar da ruwa na ƙasa (1 lokaci a cikin kwanaki 25-30) tare da bayani na lemun tsami (1/2 kofin lemun tsami ko ash da lita 10 na ruwa). Don 1 m2 shirya 1 lita na bayani.
Ana ci gaba da cin abinci tare da macro-da micronutrients a greenhouses. Suna ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa, suna tasowa da yawa. A lita 10 na ruwa, 5 g na urea ko ammonium nitrate dole ne a dauka, 5 g na potassium sulfate, 12 g na superphosphate, da kuma alama abubuwan da aka kara kamar yadda tare da tushen dressings.
Zaku iya ɗaukar samfurin superphosphate kuma a cikin bayani tare da sauran takin mai magani. Foliar saman dressing shi ne mafi alhẽri ciyar da maraice ko rana mai hadari.
Da ba zato ba tsammani yana nunawa akan farfajiyar, tushen yana buƙatar fada fada cikin ƙasa. An shirya kamar haka: 1 part peat ko humus da 2 sassa rotted taki (ya fi kyau amfani da doki). Mix da kyau sha ruwa, mafi kyawun kiyaye shi kuma, sabili da haka, bai yarda da samuwar ɓawon burodi ba.
Ana amfani da takin don wannan manufa. An cika cika yayin sau uku. Kyakkyawan taki hidima don carbon dioxide cucumbers. Yana da kyau idan zaka iya saka ganga tare da bayani na tsuntsaye tsuntsaye ko mullein a cikin greenhouse, yin motsawa akai-akai da sabuntawa
Yadda za a ciyar da cucumbers a cikin wani greenhouse, gano a bidiyo da ke ƙasa:
Alamar rashin abinci na gina jiki a cucumbers
Ƙayyade wannan Tsire-tsire ba sa da a kowane na gina jiki iya ta bayyanar su.
A lokacin ci gaba da girma na lashes:
- rashin nitrogen ya nuna launin launi na ganye, wanda ya bushe har ya fadi;
- lokacin da phosphorus ya raunana, sai ganye ya yi duhu kuma ya zama lilac, sa'an nan kuma ya juya baki;
- kasancewar kan iyakar kore iyakokin gefen gefen ganye da launin ruwan kasa a duk ganye suna nuna rashin potassium da magnesium;
- tare da rashin injin, tsire-tsire tana tsiro, da wilts, sa'an nan ya mutu;
- yellow fi na harbe magana game da baƙin ƙarfe rashi.
A lokacin 'ya'yan itace:
- tare da kasawa da nitrogen, kokwamba yana da matsala mai laushi da kuma thickening a kusa da kara;
- tare da rashin potassium, kokwamba ne na bakin ciki a kara da lokacin farin ciki a flower.
Alamun da suka wuce ma'adanai a cucumbers:
- tare da wuce haddi na potash da takin mai magani, tsire-tsire suna miƙawa da kuma sunana, foliage jũya kodadde;
- tare da wuce gona da iri na nitrogen a cikin ƙasa a kan mai karfi mai tushe girma kananan kananan 'ya'yan itatuwa;
- tare da takin mai magani phosphate injin ya ɓace a wata bushewa na ƙasa, ganye masu mutuwa suna bayyana akan ganye da 'ya'yan itatuwa.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari waɗanda aka tattara daga tsire-tsire waɗanda suke da halaye na sama zasu iya zama mai guba. Cin irin waɗannan cucumbers shine mafi kyau kada ku ci.
Maki iri
Nitrogen
Yadda za a takin cucumbers a cikin greenhouse? Cucumbers nitrogen da ake bukata a duk matakai na ci gaba, musamman ma a lokacin da aka samu ganye. Ana amfani da takin mai magani na Nitrogen duka don ciyar da foliar, da kuma takin mai magani a lokacin ban ruwa.
Daban-daban na nitrogen taki don cucumbers a cikin greenhouse, misali, ammonium nitrate, tara a cikin cikakke 'ya'yan itace a cikin hanyar mai guba nitrates kuma zai iya mummunan shafi lafiyar mutum.
Phosphoric
Ana buƙatar phosphorus kullum kullum kuma a kowane mataki na cigaba, amma a cikin ƙananan allurai. Yi amfani da taki sosai taimaka wajen samun taro mai duhu, ƙarfafa tushen, a lokacin da yayi girma.
Potash
Bukatar a cikin potassium ƙara a cucumbers akwai ko da yaushe. Amma musamman yana ƙaruwa a lokacin 'ya'yan itace. Yaduwar potassium a cikin taki a wannan lokacin yana ƙaruwa, yayin da nitrogen ya rage.
Ta hanyar ganewar asali daga cikin ganyayyaki za ka iya yin hukunci a kan yanayin shuka da kuma yi saurin gyara a cikin abun da ake amfani da taki.
Yawo cucumbers ya dogara da dalilai masu yawa. Amma idan kun shirya gine-gine da kyau, takin ƙasa, shuka tsire-tsire a lokaci kuma ku gudanar da abinci mai kyau, a kan tebur akwai girbi na kayan lambu mai kyau da na kayan lambu duk shekara.
