Nasarar masu shayarwa ba ta ƙaddara ta hanyar gwargwadon basira ba, amma ta lokacin da Allah ya ba da kerawa. Ayyukan zaɓin aiki ne mai tsawo da aiki, wani lokaci fiye da shekara guda ana buƙata don samun sakamakon.
Ko ma a "hatsi na zinariya" yana da daraja aiki. Hakazalika, masu shayarwa na kasarmu suna aiki don tabbatar da cewa a cikin lambun gonaki da ɗakunan gonaki, ban da itatuwan apple na yau da kullum, kullun suna bayyana, suna yin furewa a yanayi daban-daban.
Sakamakon wannan aiki shine Pear Quiet Don, bayanin wannan iri-iri da hotuna na 'ya'yan itace a cikin labarin.
Tarihin kiwo da yankin kiwo
Quiet Don yana nufin irin wannan ripen a cikin fall. Dabbobi sun bunkasa ta hanyar shayarwa. Ƙasar tsakiya ta tsakiya.
An gudanar da wannan aikin ne a Zonal Experimental Gardening Station na birnin Rossosh.
Don sabon nau'in, an haɗu da iri-iri na ƙarshen rani. Rossoshanskaya kyau da kuma farkon kaka - Marmara.
Ya sami sunan a cikin girmamawa na littafin Sholokhov "Silent Don".
Hanyoyi iri sun haɗa da Karataevskaya, Kupava, Forest Beauty, Thumbelina, Noyabrskaya.
Bayani na iri-iri Tikhiy Don
Yi la'akari da bayyanar itace da 'ya'yan itace.
Tree
Girman itacen yana da ƙananan ƙananan, a cikin shekaru goma, pear ya kai Tsawon har zuwa mita uku. Harsar kambi na wannan pear yana kewaye da shi, matsakaici matsakaici, da bakin kuka.
Launi na babban akwati shine launin toka. Rashin rassan suna da ganga a tsaye, launi ne launin launin fata-launin ruwan kasa. Ringed irin fruiting. Zaman zama tare da zama sananne a kan haushi daga cikin akwati a cikin shekaru 2 zuwa 3.
Harbe launin launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa, yana iya zama madaidaiciya, tsawon, da kuma zagaye, matsakaici da kuma lokacin farin ciki, amma lambar su ƙananan, ba pubescence, matsakaici na internodes.
Small lentils, matsakaici yawa. Kwayar suna kama da kwakwalwan kwari, launin launi shine launin ruwan kasa.
Bar Pacific Don dark kore m, matsakaici-sized, kwai-dimbin yawa yana da ban sha'awa mai ban dariya iyakar tare da gefuna.
Lamina ya tashi kadan. A taɓa shi ne santsi, leathery. Ganye na ganye yana da gajeren lokaci kuma ba lokacin farin ciki ba.
A inflorescence yana da kyau sosai - su ne tassels a cikin nau'in umbrellas, tare da babban adadin, har zuwa 8 furanni a kowane.
Su ne ƙananan, farar fata-nau'i-nau'i. Pistil a cikin irin wannan inflorescences ba pubescent, a matakin anthers da stigma yana located.
'Ya'yan itacen
'Ya'yan itãcen Pacific Don Mafi girma, nauyin pear daya zai iya isa 350 g Hanya tana kama da siffar wani tayi ko wani maciji mai mahimmanci.
Fata na pears ne mai yawa, launi lokacin da tsufa ya zama rawaya-kore a saman, a kan babban farfajiyar akwai launin toka-ja-ja, raɗaɗɗa kaɗan, da maki masu yawa. A cikin sashe - kirim mai farin mai farin nama. Tsaba a cikin launin ruwan elongated.
Hotuna
Halaye
Quiet Don - iri-iri da aka shahara domin ita high yawan amfanin ƙasa. A cikin shekaru goma daga tsufa shekaru za a iya cimma babban girbi na akalla 70 kg, da kuma tsire-tsire waɗanda aka riga sun rigaya sun rigaya a cikin shekaru hudu na farko zai iya barin 19 kg.
Hera, Lada, Yara, Dekabrinka da Vernaya sun nuna kyakkyawan sakamako.
Fruiting ya zo da wuriYana faruwa akai-akai. Abin da ake kira mai matukar bazara yana kan gaba farkon shine tsakiyar watan farko na kaka, da kuma mabukaci kadan kadan daga baya - tsakanin watan Satumba da Nuwamba.
Tare da ci gaban itatuwan pear Kada ku yi crumble, kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa ba su raguwa.
Abin takaici, wannan iri-iri ne ga wanda ba shi da raiWannan yana nufin cewa yana bukatar pollination ta wasu nau'o'in da suke yi tare tare da wannan.
Don Madaici Don dacewa Dessert Rossoshanskaya kuma Marmara.
Gayyadadden 'ya'yan itatuwa na wannan iri-iri don dalilai na abinci, musamman kayan abinci. Kuma mafi girma daga cikin 'ya'yan itace shine su Kyakkyawan ajiya mai kyau a cikin shaguna na musamman na pear za a iya adana shi zuwa kwanaki 140.
Silent Don sosai resistant zuwa matsanancin yanayin muhalli. Tsarin zai iya tsira da hunturu, lokacin da yawan zafin jiki ya saukad da ƙasa -30 digiri, amma ruwan sanyi zai iya halakar da furanni masu yawa, idan a lokacin rani akwai ƙananan fari, injin ba ya jin tsoro.
Tabbatar da yanayin mummunan yanayi yana nunawa ta wadannan iri: Duchess, Yakovlevskaya, Chudesnitsa, Fairy, da Janairu.
Dasa da kulawa
A lokacin da sayen kyawawan look a cikin sapling. Zaɓi tare da raguwa mai shekaru uku. Pear wannan iri-iri mafi alhẽri shuka a cikin fallamma idan ya cancanta iya da kuma bazarata hanyar zabar ƙasa ta fadi wuri na rana.
A wannan yanayin, tabbas za ku yi aikin nan:
- Tuni zuwa ƙarshen watan Agusta, dole ne a haƙa ƙasa sannan a ajiye shi takin, potassium salts da superphosphates;
- sa rami ya fi girma fiye da tushen tsarin. Don daidaitaccen tsari na itace saita lambar a cikin 30 cm daga tushe. Ya dole 70 cm daga ƙasa;
- a cikin rami saita itacen don haka tushen wuyansa ya sama ƙasa matakin 6 cm. Tabbatar da asalinsu, rufe su da sayan duniya wanda yake tare da itace. Ku rufe shi da ƙasa, ku kwantar da shi kadan, ku zuba shi a hankali kuma ku ƙone shi;
- idan akwai tsire-tsire masu yawa, tsayar Nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire ba kasa da 7 m;
- watering a farkon shekara ya zama mai yawaZai fi kyau don samar da shi tare da masu suturawa ko tare da taimakon grooves a kusa da itacen, don haka kada ku ɓoye tushensu;
- pruning shekara guda bayan dasa shuki a cikin bazara, shuka datsa 50 cm daga ƙasawannan zai taimakawa ga cigaban kambi da ƙananan rassan. Shekaru biyu na shekaru iri-iri ya rabu da kariyar harbe;
- a cikin hunturu, wajibi ne a rufe shi da dusar ƙanƙara.
Cututtuka da kwari
Quiet Don - pear iri-iri kyakkyawa maganin cutar.
Zai iya buga Septoria (farar fata) - shimfidawa akan ganye a cikin nau'in launin launin launin fata tare da iyakar launin ruwan kasa.
Ya bayyana yawancin a cikin watan Mayu. A wannan yanayin, aka fesa da nitraferon (da lita 10 na ruwa 300g) a cikin idon ruwa kafin hutu.
Amma mafi yawan cututtuka na pear pathogenic a cikin launin ruwan kasa a kan ganye - //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html, wannan matasan ba komai ba ne.
An kuma nuna damuwa ga scab: Dessert Rossoshanskaya, Autumn Yakovleva, Marble, Larinskaya da Svarog.
Amma, da rashin alheri, akwai wasu kwari da tsire-tsire suke jin tsoron:
- babban kwari na dukan itatuwa a gonar - rodents. Don haka ba su gnaw da gangar jikin, kawai iska da tushe da dama yadudduka na takarda mai laushi;
- Pear Copper - ƙugiya - ƙananan kwari mai tsalle da fuka-fuki. A wannan yanayin, ana ba da shawara don yaduwa nazarin halittu pesticides ko organophosphates.
Duk da matsaloli kadan, ba kamar itatuwan apple ba, a cikin namo, dole ne a dasa shuki iri-iri na Silent Don, dangane da abun ciki na bitamin da kuma ma'adanai, apples basu da mahimmanci ga pears.
Koyi duka game da shayarwa da kuma haɗuwa da shi daga bidiyo:
