Sort of pears Chizhovskaya yana daya daga Mafi yawan irin pears a kan North-West, Tsakiyar Tsakiya da kuma yankin tsakiyar Volga na kasarmu.
A cikin yankuna da yanayin yanayi, wannan nau'in, wanda yana da manufar duniya, an kafa shi sosai. Ana amfani da sabo ne, ana amfani dashi don canning, yin compotes da jams.
Reviews na lambu sha'awar ku da ku kuma so a pear iri-iri Chizhovskaya girma a cikin lambu, amma Kuna da sha'awar tambayoyi:
- Yaya ake dasa bishiyoyi ko kulawa?
- Yaushe ne ya yi ripen?
- A lokacin da za a girbe daga pear (wato lokacin da za a girbe)?
- Waɗanne cututtuka na iya cutar da ita?
- Menene pollinators ke bukatarta?
Idan haka ne, to, wannan labarin shine a gare ku: a nan za ku ga cikakken bayanin Chizhovskaya pear iri-iri, hoto na 'ya'yan itace da sauran halaye.
Wani irin pears yana nufin?
Tsara da aka jera a cikin Rijista na Jihar tun 1993 kuma yana daya daga cikin mafi mashahuri a cikin Yankin Moscow, yankin Vladimir, a kusa da Samara.
Pear Chizhovskaya high-samar da gwaggwabar riba iri-iri, yana da muhimmanci don tattara 'ya'yan itatuwa marigayi bazaralokacin da ba kowane pear zai iya faranta maka rai da 'ya'yan itatuwa ba.
Har ila yau, yawan amfanin ƙasa na iya karawa: Duchess, Fairy, Bere Bosk, Bere Russkaya da Uralochka.
Tarihin kiwo da yankin kiwo
A kan kwarewar wannan nau'i a cikin Cibiyar Nazarin ta Moscow ta Timiryazev ta yi aiki S.T. Chizhov da S.P. Potapov. Sun yi amfani da tsohuwar iri na Belgium a matsayin siffofin iyaye. Kyawawan daji da kuma pear Olga, bred a lokacin shahararren Far Eastern Breeder A.M. Lukashov.
Irin iri iri ne a hannunsa: Kupava, Perun, Lel, Rogneda da Sverdlovchanka.
Kyakkyawan daji sun bunkasa sababbin nau'o'in tare da dabi'u masu kyau: dandano mai ban sha'awa da rashin ladabi ga yanayin namo.
Daga Olga Chizhovskaya ya zama mai kyau Hardiness hunturu da iyawar tsayayya da scab, high fruitfulness.
Yawancin sunada sunansa ga ɗaya daga cikin mawallafa, Sergey Tikhonovich Chizhov, wanda suka kira shi pear.
Duk da haka, masu amfani sukan bambanta sunan pear, nau'in Chizhovskaya, da zarar sunansa ba: pear Chizhevsky, Chizhevskaya.
Amma ya kamata ka tsaya ga sunan da aka ba da daraja ga ɗaya daga mawallafinsa - Sergey Tikhonovich Chizhov. Aƙalla daga daraja ga wannan makiyaya.
Bayyana iri-iri Chizhovsky
Yi la'akari da bayyanar itace da 'ya'yan itace.
Tree
Pear Chizhovskaya yana da nau'i Tsayi tsayi mai tsayi 2-2.5 mita. Ƙananan bishiya yana da ƙananan kambi, ta lokacin 'ya'yan itace ya zama pyramidal ko conical.
Matsayin abun ciki na foliar yana da cikakken kambi - matsakaici ko sama. Shtamb yana da launin toka mai launin launin toka, rassan kadan kadan. Itacen bishiya akan kolchatka.
Akwai rassan skeletal a cikin matsayi na tsaye. Ganye yana da tsaka-tsalle, hawansu da tsayi suna kai girma.
Fata na harbe suna canza launin ja-launin ruwan kasa, an rufe shi da wasu lokutan da aka watsar da su, wanda ba su da tsayi a sama. Cikin internodes ba su da tsawo ko matsakaici a cikin girman, babu pubescence.
Maganin kwakwalwa sune launin ruwan kasa masu launin launin launin launi kuma an ƙi su akan rassan.
Ana fentin ganye masu launin furen baki a cikin wani launi mai laushi mai laushi, wanda aka lura da hankali tare da tsakiya.
Matsakaicin kauri daga cikin ganyayyaki suna da kyakkyawan jirgin sama na farantin tare da cikakkiyar rashin gashi.
Furen furen Chizhovsky sune fari, rafuka suna calyx-dimbin yawa. A thyroid inflorescences kunshi 5-7 furanni.
'Ya'yan itacen
Fasali na 'ya'yan itace:
- nauyi game da 120-140 grams;
- Pear surface santsi da matte;
- hankula pear-dimbin yawa, wani lokacin obovate;
- babban Pear launi kore tare da rawaya tint, maƙallan yana nuna rashin ƙarfi, kawai a wani lokacin akwai haske mai duhu;
- Ƙungiya ta tsakiya da zuciya mai zurfi;
- a cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa 5-10 na matsakaici na launin ruwan kasa;
- da ɓangaren litattafan almara na pears ne rawaya haske, kusan farin, matsakaici juiciness, tsarin hawan mai-mai-mai, narkewa cikin bakin, dandano mai dadi;
- matsakaita matakin sugars ne 9%, acidity - 0.45%.
Hotuna
Halaye
A cikin lokacin da ake yin pear Chizhovskaya ya shiga shekaru 3-4. Wannan nau'i na 'ya'yan itace a kai a kai, yana bada shekara 50-60 'ya'yan itãcen marmari daga itacen girma. Pears ba mai son yin crumble ba, da kuma fadowa a kan murfin zane, zai iya karya har kusan mako guda ba tare da rasa dukiya ba.
Pears suna da matsanancin samfurin: m bayyanar, dandano impeccable. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna da kyau kuma ana kiyaye su sosai.
Wadannan iri na iya fariya da kyau dandano: Yakovlevskaya, Krasulya, Yara, Severyanka Krasnoshchekaya da Talgar kyakkyawa.
A zafin jiki na + 1, + 2 digiri su na iya ci gaba har zuwa watanni 4. Chizhovskaya pear yana da halin da ake ciki don cinye 'ya'yan itatuwa da shekaruWannan hasara mara kyau na iri-iri.
Don kaucewa shekaru yin niƙa pears, yana da muhimmanci a lokaci-lokaci gudanar da wani tsoma-tsakin pruning. Suna yin haka ne a farkon lokacin bazara, kafin farawar ruwan kwafi. Kusan wannan lokacin ya faɗi akan Maris.
Bambanci yana da high mataki na sanyi juriya. Babu lokuta daskarewa da itacen a tsakiyar yankin.
Har ila yau, kyawawan sauti jure wa wasu yanayi mara kyau: rashin danshi, yanayin zafi mai zafi.
Tun da wannan nau'i-nau'i ne kusan kai-da-kai, mafi kyau pollinators ga Chizhovskaya pear: Rogneda, Severyanka, Lada.
Dasa da kulawa
Dasa pears iri dake Chizhovskaya na bukatar ƙasa a yankin tare da ƙasa mai yawa acidic. Idan acidity na ƙasa ya yi yawa, to, ya zama dole don kara lemun tsami.
A cikin ƙasa tare da alkaline dauki bada shawarar don ƙarawa Salt salt da superphosphate: za su acidify kasar gona kuma su kara abubuwa masu ma'adinai zuwa gare shi.
Ana gabatar da gabatarwar wadannan abubuwa a cikin watanni masu yawa kafin a dasa shuki na seedling, don haka an wanke su sosai a cikin ƙasa.
Ƙasa rami: mita diamita da rabin mita zurfin. Dogaro da fossa ya kamata a kwance. Ana fitar da koda a cikin rami kafin dasa shuki, wanda ake ɗaukar nau'in seedling. Ya located a gefen kududon haka zai haifar da ƙarin kariya daga tushe daga hasken rana.
Ba daidai ba don fitar da wani gungumen azaba bayan dasa shuki a seedling, saboda haka zaka iya lalata tushen. An shirya rami don 3-4 makonni kafin saukowa.
Pear Chizhovskaya dasa a watan Oktoba (Oktoba) ko spring (Afrilu), amma shahararren lambu sunyi iƙirarin cewa pear yana da tushe mafi kyau da kuma jure hunturu idan an dasa shi a cikin fall. Tushen ya fada barci mai gina jiki ƙasa.
Ma'adinai da ma'adinai ba a amfani dashi a lokacin dasa don samar da mafi kyawun yanayi na dasa.
Bayan an mayar da shi, an ƙera ƙasa sosai kuma an shayar da shi tare da wani matashi.
Don ban ruwa za ku buƙaci buƙatar ruwa na ruwa na 1.5-2, wanda aka tsai da shi kamar yadda aka tuna. Bayan dafa ruwa mai kyau.
Dole ne a umarci tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire kan kawar da rassan rassan. Har ila yau samar da filayen farko na kambi, barin manyan rassan 3-4.
A nan gaba Girman yana bukatar wateringwa na yau da kullum idan yanayi ba tare da ruwan sama ba.
Pristol da'irar akai-akai sako, kula da kula da ciyawa.
Matashi na iya shan wahala daga aphids da tururuwa, wajibi ne a dauki matakan tsaro.
Cututtuka da kwari
Babban mataki na juriya na wannan iri-iri zuwa cututtuka da kwari sun sanya Chizhovskaya Pear mai ban sha'awa ga masu lambu masu son. Tsayyar itace zuwa cutar //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html da wasu cututtuka masu fuka suna da yawa. Yana bunƙasa kuma yana da 'ya'ya ba tare da magani tare da magungunan kashe qwari ba.
Resistance zuwa scab ne nuna irin wannan pear iri: Dessert Rossoshanskaya, Osennaya Yakovleva, Marble, Larinskaya da Svarog.
A cikin hunturu, seedling wajibi ne kare daga hares da kunar rana a jiki. Don yin wannan, an rufe shi da kwayoyin halitta (tsofaffin tsofaffi za a iya amfani da su) ko a haɗa su da igiyoyi masu tsabta.
Chizhovskaya Pear maras kyau da dadi yana ci gaba da cinye dukkan yankuna.
Babu matsala an girma a yankuna kudancin Rasha, a Ukraine da Belarus.
Mai girma iyawa na iri-iri don jimre hunturu sanyi ya ba da ma'ana don inganta wannan nau'in a wasu yankunan arewacin.
Dubi bidiyon game da iri-iri na Chizhovskaya, inda za ku gano tsawon lokacin da ya fara girma, abin da pear yake kama, kuma da yawa:
