Kayan bishiyoyi na kullun "Kwanan kullun" sun dace don dacewa da noma a gonaki.
Suna riƙe da dandano da ƙanshi a cikin rayuwar rayuwa, kuma zai kawo maka farin ciki ba kawai a lokacin rani ba, har ma a cikin hunturu.
Wane irin ne?
Bishiyoyin Apple na wannan aji suna cikin kallon kaka. Lokacin girbi ya fara a farkon Satumba. A wannan lokaci, 'ya'yan itace ana zuba ruwan' ya'yan itace kuma sun cika ripen. Nauyin nauyin cikakke yana kimanin 120 grams. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ba su fāɗi kuma suna da kyau kiyaye su. Lokacin da aka ajiye a cikin duhu, wuri mai sanyi, apples za su iya karya na watanni 2.
Irin kayan Apple da "Kullun Kullun" suna cikin irin itatuwan apple da aka kwantar da su kawai ta hanyar kwari.
Godiya ga ƙanshi mai tsami na apple, yana yiwuwa a jawo hankalin adadin kwari don zabe.
Daban-daban bambanci Kullun farin ciki
Tsire-tsire bishiyoyi "Kariyar farin ciki" zai zama lu'u-lu'u na gonar ku.
Bishiyoyi babba. Kambiyarsu mai haske ne, mai fadi. Shoots duhu launin ruwan kasa, madaidaiciya, karfi pubescent. Kodan - babba. Ganyayyaki ne ƙananan, kore, m-dimbin yawa. Fusin takarda ɗin an shayar da shi, da gefuna na farantin suna jagged. Petioles elongated, rawaya.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne na matsakaici. Nauyin nauyin cikakke yana kimanin 120 grams. Tsarin apple ya zagaye. Jigun hankula ne mai zurfi, tare da gefuna da launin ruwan kasa. A saucer ne m, m. Tsaba suna da tsaka-tsaka-tsaka, tsaka-tsakin iri-iri.
Fata ne na matsakaici matsakaici, mai sauƙi don taɓawa. Launi na apple shine rawaya-kore, kamar yadda yake nunawa, launin ja yana bayyana. Naman jiki ne mai launin-mai launin, m, m.
Tarihin kiwo
Wannan nau'i-nau'i an ci gaba da su VNIIS. I.V. Michurin mai shayarwa mai suna S.I. Isaev. Don samun iri-iri, masanin kimiyya yayi amfani da hanyar matasan. Sun kasance sun dogara ne da irin nau'ikan da ake kira Brown Striped da Welsey. A cikin nauyin mahaifiyar Welsey ta mahaifiyar.
Don mating, an zabi kananan yara 15 da aka zaɓa. An gudanar da lalata a cikin matakai 2. A cikin rawar pollinator, an yi nauyin iyaye iri-iri - Guragu na Brown, daga baya kuma mahaifiyar mama - Welsey.
Wannan zabe ya ci nasara kuma a yayin gwajin da aka yi na gwagwarmayar gwagwarmaya ya yi amfani da shi don samo nau'in nau'i nau'i. Kafin dasa shuki, an shuka tsaba a tsawon watanni 4. Ginin ya ci nasara, sannan daga bisani akayi amfani da hanyar jagoranci (malami) a kula da seedling.
An yi amfani da iri-iri iri iri a cikin yanayin mummunar yanayi. Wannan ya ba shi damar yin aiki cuta mai tsanani.
Yankin ci gaban halitta
Yawan iri-iri "farin ciki na kullun" an dasa shi ne musamman a noma a tsakiyar Rasha, amma daga bisani ya yada zuwa dukan yankunan Ukraine da Belarus.
Wannan sashi ya isa rashin jin dadi ga yanayin bunkasasabili da haka, wasu shayarwa sun ba da shawarar yin noma da kuma mummunan yanayi.
Don daidaita da iri-iri zuwa zafi, yanayi marar kyau yana buƙatar yawan watering. Kowane spring, itacen apple yana buƙatar yin wadata da kayan abinci wanda zai shafe ƙasa daga wata hanyar da aka narkar.
Ba zai yiwu a yi haka ba tare da ƙasa mai raɗaɗi. Saboda haka, apple a cikin irin wannan yanayi yana buƙatar yawan watering. Rashin watering zai iya haifar da lalacewar bishiyoyi.
Lokacin da ake daidaitawa a yanayin sanyi, nau'in bazai buƙatar matakan musamman. Abinda za a iya yi don itacen apple shine don samar da sauye-sauye shi ne ya ciyar da abinci akai-akai. Don ya kamata a dauki matakan yara biyu a shekara 2.
Tare da tsufa na itacen, za a iya yin gyaran gaba daya sau 1 a kowace shekara. Saboda wannan, takin gargajiya ne mafi dacewa.
Yawo
Wannan sahun zai faranta maka rai da yawan aiki. Tare da ci gaba a yanayin kirki, girbi daga ɗayan itace zai iya zama kimanin kilo 90 na apples. Matsakaicin nauyin cikakke cikakke 120 grams.
Itacen yana fara bada 'ya'ya ga shekaru 4 bayan dasa. Lokacin girbi ya fara a farkon Satumba.
Cikakke 'ya'yan itatuwa sun fadi, saboda haka kada ka shimfiɗa lokacin girbi.
Lokacin da aka adana a cikin firiji, apples cike da halaye na tsawon watanni 2.
Hotuna
Misalai masu yawa na 'ya'yan' ya'yan apple '' Farin murna 'a cikin hoto:
Dasa da kulawa
Apple iri "Kullun farin" unpretentious ga yanayin saukowa. Amma tun da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na wannan nau'i ne kawai ake kwantar da su ta hanyar kwari, kada a canza su tare da sauran bishiyoyi.
Tukwici: Zaɓi wuri mai bude, da kyau don dasa bishiyoyi.
Shirye-shirye na dasa shuki ya kamata fara makon daya kafin lokacin shirya. Mafi kyau lokacin dasa shuki ga itatuwan apple da wannan nau'in zai kasance daga marigayi Maris zuwa tsakiyar Afrilu. Don seedlings kamata su shirya rami ba fiye da 60 centimeters a cikin zurfin da mita 1 a fadin. Land a cikin rami yana buƙatar takin. Bayan dasa shuki da apple ya kamata a shayar da shi sosai. Wannan zai taimaka musu su dauki tushen sauri.
Kula da itacen bishiya ya kamata a fara a farkon bazara kuma kawo ƙarshen ƙarshen kaka. Duk matakan kulawa dole ne ya zama cikakke.
Tazarar ruwa sun haɗa da: bincikar bishiyoyi, warkar da rauni, cire busassun bushe da lalacewa. Taimakon yawon shakatawa sun haɗa da: na yau da kullum, shayar da itace daga kwari. Tsarin kulawa na kaka ya haɗa da: wanke bishiya, ciyar da itace.
Tare da kulawa da kyau, itacen apple zai kasance lafiya da kyau.
Kwaro da cututtuka
Kwayoyin Apple na "farin ciki" ba su da matukar cututtuka ga cututtuka, duk da haka, akwai cututtuka wadanda ke haifar da laifin mutum.
Irin wannan cututtuka sun haɗa da: kwayar cutar, ƙananan ciwon daji, cytosporosis.
Wadannan cututtuka dole ne a yi yaƙi kamar haka:
Black ciwon daji Yana da mahimmanci kada ku bari wannan cuta ta shiga shafinku, tun da yake an dauke shi a kan tushen samari. Dole ne a jefa kaya tare da manyan girma. Idan an samu kananan growths a cikin seedling, ya kamata a cire kuma apple itacen disinfected. A matsayin m mota, da aikace-aikace na potash da takin mai magani.
Cytosis. A cikin yaki da wannan cuta, akwai buƙatar ka yanke rassan rassan da kuma cutattun bishiyoyi.
Kwayoyin cuta ba. A lokacin da yaƙin ƙirar kwayar cutar, cire rassan lalacewa kuma ya lalata itacen.
Rashin kwance da kwari zai iya tsananta yanayin yanayin itacen apple.
A cikin muhimmancin manyan kwari sune:
Green aphid. Don magance kore aphids bukatar SPRAY itace Bordeaux ruwa.
Hawthorn. Don halakar da waɗannan caterpillars kana bukatar ka aiwatar da itacen apple tare da aktellik.
Apple asu. Mataki na farko shine tsabtataccen ovary wanda ya lalata, daga bisani ya kamata a kula da itacen tare da Enterobacterin.
A taƙaice, zamu iya cewa itatuwan apple na wannan nau'i suna da kyau a shirye don girma a cikin gidaje. Apples suna da kyau sosai kuma suna da kyau don amfani da sabon amfani ko adanawa. Babban hasara na wannan iri-iri shine rassan apples, wanda ba shi da amfani ga masu aikin masana'antu.
