Vriesia - kulawa ta gida, hoto

Varsia (Vriesia) - tsirarrun tsiro herbaceous na dangin Bromeliad. Theasar mahaifar Vriesia ita ce ta Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka. Shuka itace fari, tana bukatar tushen ne kawai don abin da aka makala da ita, da kuma tafki na musamman da ke cikin ginin kwandon ganye na daukar nauyin tarawa da kuma abubuwan gina jiki.

A cikin aiwatar da girma, vriesia tana samar da kayan aikin murɗa ido mai laushi mai laushi na ganye mai laushi ko mara fata har zuwa 1 m babba. Farantin ganye na iya samun launuka iri-iri: daga wani farin kwalliya mai santsi zuwa damisa (a cikin duhun duhu da haske) da kuma mottled (tare da haske ko launin ruwan kasa a kan wani duhu). Inflorescences suna da kyawawan ɗakunan katako da ƙananan furanni marasa rubutu.

Hakanan zaku sami sha'awar sauran tsirrai daga dangin bromeliad: bilbergia da echmea.

M kaddarorin vriesia

A cewar wasu rahotanni, vriesia tana aiki azaman tsabtace iska ta iska, shan abubuwa masu cutarwa daga ciki (gami da hayakin sigari). In ba haka ba, amfanin wannan shuka yana daɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗɗun: ƙarancin inflorescences dinta yana iya yin ado da kowane gida ko ofishi a ciki.

Siffofin kulawa da vriesia a gida. A takaice

Kula da vriesia a gida

Gudun ruwa

Dogaro da lokacin shuka, fure mai fure a gida na iya yin fure a watan Fabrairu-Afrilu ko Mayu-Yuli. Furannin kansu ba su da kwalliya, baƙi ko launin shuɗi.

Babban ado na shuka shine bracts mai haske, mai ɗaure da juna tare da samar da dogon kwalliya. A cikin nau'ikan daban-daban, suna da ja, lemo, rawaya ko haɗa launuka da yawa a lokaci ɗaya a canza launin su.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Vriesia shine yanayin zafi, mafi yawan zafin jiki don hatsi ya zama + 22-24 ° C a lokacin rani, + 18-20 ° C a cikin hunturu

Temperaturearancin zafin da aka yarda da shi shine + 16 ° C, idan ɗakin yayi sanyi, tsirran zai fara jin rauni har ma ya mutu.

Fesa

Zai yuwu kuma ya wajaba don fesa vriesia, amma wannan ya kamata a yi shi da hankali, yana hana danshi shigar da takalmin.

Don spraying, ya kamata ka sha kawai dumi, ruwa a zauna.

Hasken Vreezia

Haske yana bukatar abubuwa da yawa, amma hasken rana kai tsaye a gare ta ba kyawawa bane: kasancewa a ƙarƙashin tasirin su na yau da kullun, furen da sauri yayi asarar tasirin ado. A cikin hunturu, ya fi kyau ga shuka don rarraba wuri a kan taga na kudu, kuma da zuwan bazara, matsar da shi zuwa gabas ko, a cikin matsanancin yanayi, windowsill yamma. Vriesia na gida yana jure "rayuwa" a cikin inuwa.

Watsa Vrieses

Shayar vriesia kai tsaye zuwa firam na ganye, tabbatar da cewa danshi ba ya yin tururuwa a wurin na dogon lokaci. Don ban ruwa dauki ruwa mai laushi. A lokacin ciyayi mai aiki, yakamata a kasance cikin danshi a kodayaushe (amma ba ambaliyar ba), yayin da yake hutawa, ana ba da izinin canza tsakanin ban ruwa don ya bushe kadan.

Tashar Vriesia

Tushen tsarin shuka yana da cikakken daidaituwa, don haka damar da ake buƙatar zaɓin fure ba ta da ƙima ba - Tushen ya kamata "zauna" a ciki da ƙarfi, amma ya sami damar haɓaka. Matsayi mai mahimmanci don haɓakar al'ada na vriesia shine kyakkyawan malalewa na ƙasa, saboda haka tukwane na dasa tsire-tsire aƙalla na uku suna cika da yumɓun da aka faɗa ko tubalin da aka karye.

Primer for vriesia

Abun ingantaccen ƙasa don vreezia ya hada da ganyayyaki da ƙasa turɓaya, peat, yashi, itacen kwalliya, gawayi da daskarewa. Idan ba zai yiwu a shirya substrate da kanka ba, zaku iya siyan ƙasa don bromeliads ko orchids a cikin shagon furen - abin da ya ƙunsa shima ya dace da vriesia.

Taki da taki

Vriesia ba ta da "maganganun" musamman na musamman ga ƙimar abinci na ƙasa, saboda haka ba ta buƙatar ciyar da abinci sau da yawa. Ana amfani da takin mai magani sau ɗaya a kowace kakar - lokacin da tsire-tsire ya kusa fure. Yi wannan ta hanyar yin ruwa a cikin soket ko spraying tare da rauni mafita na shirye-shiryen bromeliads ko orchids.

Tushen ba ya cikin abinci mai gina jiki, saboda haka suturar tushe ba ta da tasiri.

Vriesia dashi

Ya kamata a dasa sabon tsiron da aka dasa a cikin sabuwar ƙasa nan da nan bayan sayan (idan bai yi fure ba, an ba da izinin gama fure da kuma bayan an dasa).

Ana buƙatar dasawa cikin tsire-tsire don kowane tsire-tsire matasa a kowace shekara 1-2 kamar yadda aka dasa ƙasa a cikin tushen sa. Manya sun isa yin saurin sau ɗaya kowace shekara 5.

Lokacin hutawa

Lokacin hutawa shine daga Oktoba zuwa Fabrairu. Yayin da viya ke hutawa, ana rage girman kulawa a gida: ana shayar dashi kawai don kula da turgor na ganye, ana cire suturar saman, ana kiyaye yawan zafin jiki a + 18-22 ° C.

Yadda ake yin vriesia fure

Mai hura mai fure yana iya zama gas gas. Don tabbatar da kasancewar sa da tasirinsa a cikin vriesia, an sanya shuka a cikin jakar filastik, bayan sanya apple da aka saba a wurin.

Farfagandar Vriesia

Zai fi sauƙi don yada vriesia tare da yara daga daji uwar, wanda ya bayyana lokacin da shuka ya yi fure. Ana rabuwa da ƙananan harbe daga babban kanti, da zaran sun kai na uku na tsawo na "mahaifa". Sa'an nan 'ya'yan sun bushe don' yan kwanaki, bayan wannan an zaunar da su a cikin kwantena daban a cikin ƙasa na musamman. Van matasa matasa na iya yin fure bayan shekaru 3-4

Hanyar mafi rikitarwa da daukar lokaci shine yaduwar iri. Sown su a mini-greenhouses a cakuda yashi da sphagnum gansakuka. Farkon harbe a zazzabi na + 25 ° C ya bayyana bayan makonni 3. Lokacin da tsire-tsire suke bayyana ganye 3, ya kamata a dasa su cikin tukwane daban. Fulawa a cikin vriesia girma a wannan hanyar yana faruwa ne kawai shekaru 5-10 bayan shuka.

Cutar da kwari

Cututtukan vriesia, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana lalacewa ta hanyar keta dokoki don kula da shuka, an bayyana su ta hanyar bayyanar cututtuka masu zuwa:

• bushe ganye Vriesia - furen ba shi da matsala saboda ƙarancin zafi a cikin ɗakin. Ana magance matsalar ta hanyar feshin shuka na yau da kullun;
• baki ganye Vesies kuma suna magana game da iska na cikin gida mai bushe, wanda za'a iya danshi ta hanyar fesawa furen kai tsaye ko sanya tukunya tare da tsiro a cikin babban katako tare da yumɓu mai yuwuwa cikin ruwa;
• bushe ganye vriesia - wataƙila furen yana cikin daki ma yayi sanyi da shi. Sakamakon raɗaɗɗen bayyanar zuwa ƙananan zafin jiki na iska, rot na iya haɓakawa a kan shuka, wanda yake da wahalar magancewa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ya zama dole a bi tsarin shawarar zafin jiki da aka ba da shawarar lokacin tsiro;
• Tushen juya - mafi yiwuwar sanadin wannan matsalar ita ce ƙwaryar fure, Tushen da ke lalacewa ta hanyar buƙatar buƙata a yanke shi, ya kamata a kula da wuraren da ya kamata tare da murƙushe mai ƙwaya, bayan da aka fitar da viaron a cikin sabon canzawa kuma a nan gaba suna sa ido sosai a kan tsarin sha;
• m launin toka a cikin ganyayyaki nuna kamuwa da cuta na shuka tare da wasu irin cutar cuta. A wannan yanayin, cire duk ganyen da ya lalace, maye gurbin saman kuma ku kula da furen tare da shirye-shiryen fungicidal;
• ganye suna kodadde - inji ba shi da isasshen haske, ya wajaba a sake shirya tukunya tare da shi a wani wuri mai cike da hasken rana, a tabbata cewa wutar ta warwatse.

Babban maƙiyi mai haɗari shine garkuwar bromeliad. Sau da yawa ƙasa da sau da yawa akan tsire-tsire zaka iya samun mealybug ko gizo-gizo gizo-gizo. A cikin yaƙar waɗannan kwari, kwari na musamman sun fi tasiri.

Nau'in vriesia tare da hotuna da sunaye

M viania (Vriesia wacce ta yi fice)

Mafi mashahuri iri-iri a cikin floriculture na cikin gida. Itace mai matsakaici-sized, forming rosettes of hard lanceolate ganye na duhu kore hue tare da mai ganuwa kodadde ratsi (ganye tsawon - har zuwa 80 cm). Inflorescences suna karyawa-mai haske tare da kyawawan launuka masu launin ja da furanni masu launin shuɗi.

Kilevaya Vriesia (Vriesea carinata Wawra)

Loaƙƙarfan ƙwayar bishiyoyi na shuka ana yin su ne ta hanyar kunkuntar ganyen ganye na inuwa mai tsawon kusan 20 cm.Karancin inflorescences masu matsakaici ne (kusan 6 cm tsayi), sun ƙunshi ja mai haske tare da kyawawan launuka masu launin kore da ƙananan furanni masu rawaya tare da gajerun kafafu.

Sanders Zakaria (Vriesia saundersii)

Itatuwan tsire-tsire masu karamin karfi wanda ke samar da launuka masu kauri na ganye mai kauri game da tsawon cm 30. Ganyen Platinum yana da launuka masu launuka iri-iri masu haske da launin toka mai haske da yawa. A sako-sako da panicle inflorescence, ya ƙunshi mutane da yawa kiyaye launin rawaya-kore bracts, lashe tare da kananan furanni da yellowish tint.

Vriesia zamorensis (Vriesea zamorensis)

Kyakkyawan tsire-tsire masu fure tare da bishiyoyi masu launuka masu haske na ganye mai haske mai haske game da 30 cm tsayi da launuka daban-daban, wanda ya kunshi katako mai launin ja mai launin shuɗi tare da fiɗa masu rawaya da ƙananan furanni.