Ba tare da ceri ba, yana da wuya a yi tunanin ainihin lambun. Kusan a kowane shafin da muke girma a cikin lambun. Kuma mafi sau da yawa ba daya itace, amma da dama. 'Ya'yan itacen ceri ne mai dadi, mai lafiya, mai ban sha'awa, tare da halayyar mai dadi mai dadi, saba da mutane da dama tun yana yaro.
Bugu da ƙari, ƙwaƙwalwar yana cike da kyau kuma ya dubi tare da dukan itatuwan 'ya'yan itace. Kuma naman cherries da kula da ita basu da wuya.
Yadda za a zabi wani wuri don ceri a gonar
Duk da haka, domin ceri don samun masaniya kuma ya ba da arziki mai kyau, dole ne a bi dukkan ka'idoji don ci gabanta.
Nawa ake bukata haske don ceri
Haske ya kamata ya zama mai kyau - hasken haske mai haske da sararin samaniya. Amma za su iya girma da girma kullum a cikin penumbra, kawai a wannan yanayin da fruiting da sauri na ripening na berries zai rage.
Kyau ne da ke buƙatar ƙasa
Lambu da ke da kyan gani a kan shafin ya kamata su san irin irin ƙasar da ta ke son. Itacen zai fi girma a ƙasa mai kyau. Har ila yau yana tsiro a kan yashi, yashi, yashi, loamy, tare da dan kadan alkaline ko tsaka tsaki dauki. Babban abu shi ne don daidaita ƙwayar ƙasa kuma, idan ya cancanta, canza shi ta hanyar gabatar da kayan da aka dace.
Yana da muhimmanci! Kada ku dasa cherries a kan ƙasa acidic. A ganiya acidity na kasar gona don cherries ne 7, 0.Idan kasar gona ta zama acidic, an haɓaka shi ko alkali, alal misali, ta hanyar ƙara lemun tsami, allura mai laushi, ƙwayar dutse, dolomitic gari, da dai sauransu.
Ƙasa ba za ta kasance mai haske ba, mai nauyi - a cikin wannan akwati ana kawo yashi a ciki, har ma da ruwa - wanda itace ba ya son wuce haddi. Sabili da haka, zabi shafin tare da ruwan karkashin kasa - abin da ya faru bai wuce 1.8-2 m ba.
Yaushe ya fi shuka shuka
Babu tabbacin tabbacin tambaya lokacin da ya fi kyau shuka shuka a spring ko kaka. Wannan makircin zai zama daidai: a yankunan arewacin, inda ambaliyar hunturu ta isa -30-40 ° C, suna shuka ceri kawai a cikin bazara; a yankunan kudancin, ana shuka shuka a cikin bazara da kaka, ko kuma ana shuka bishiyoyi a cikin hunturu domin a dasa su a spring.
Dasa ceri a cikin bazara
Lokaci na dasa shuki a cikin bazara shi ne kafin hutu, kamar farkon ko tsakiyar watan Afrilu, dangane da ko lokacin farkon ko marigayi. Idan kayi kuskuren wannan lokacin kuma ganye zasu bude, to wadannan itatuwan suna da lafiya kuma basu iya samun tushe ba.
Mafi sau da yawa dasa cherries a cikin bazara a arewacin yankunan da tsakiyar lane. Wannan shi ne saboda mummunan hotuna, wanda itace zai iya mutuwa, dasa a cikin fall. Kasar gona don dasa shuki a cikin bazara ya kamata ya zama cikakke daga dusar ƙanƙara, bushe, rana - marar haske, rana, babu hazo.
Fasali na dasa shuki
Lokacin mafi kyau shine ƙarshen Satumba - farkon Oktoba. Daga baya ba su shuka, yiwuwar mutuwar tushen tsarin seedling daga sanyi ne high. An dasa itacen da aka shuka - yafa masa ƙasa mai laushi ta hanyar tsauni - 35-40 cm daga ƙasa.
Shin kuna sani? A ina mafi kyau shuka cherries a shafin? Idan yana da tudun bude ko karamin tudu, to, a kan shi. Kada ku shuka a ƙarƙashin manyan fences, fences, gine-gine ko wasu bishiyoyi masu girma.
Yadda za a shuka wani cerry seedling
Bayan 'yan kalmomi game da yadda za a shuka wani ceri. Kafin dasa shuki, ana nazarin sapling sau ɗaya - Tushen, rassan, don haka suna da lalacewa da lalacewa da kwari. Idan akwai seedlings da yawa, an lalata yankin da ke ƙarƙashin su kuma ya samar da nisa tsakanin su - 3-3.5 m, kuma tsakanin layuka - 3.5-4 mita.
Ta hanyar kanta, ceri wata al'ada ce mai kyau, dasawa da kula da ita ba aikin aiki ba ne. Amma a lokacin da dasa shuki da yawa bishiyoyi, ya fi kyau, ba shakka, don samun mataimakan.
Shirya shiri
Gwada rami a gaba - don makonni 2-4 (in zai yiwu) kafin ka bar. A wannan lokacin, kasar gona za ta bushe da isasshe, saturates da oxygen da kuma ɗaukar dukkan takin mai magani. Matsakaicin ma'auni na rami don ƙwayoyi masu ceri - 70 * 70 * 70.
Amma a nan suna kallon ci gaba da tushen tsarin - idan ya kasance mai laushi, da aka ci gaba, to, ana rami rami. Ƙasar da aka ƙaddara ta raba kashi daidai kuma kashi ɗaya daga cikinsu yana haɗe tare da takin mai magani.
Dokokin shimfiɗa
Kwancen katako na wucin gadi (goyon baya ga seedling) kewaye da abin da aka hade ƙasa da 50/50 tare da takin mai magani a tsakiyar rami. Abin da ke sa ceri yayi girma sosai kuma ya tsiro ne akan kwayoyin halitta (humus) tare da Bugu da kari na potassium chloride, ash da superphosphate.
A kan tudun duwatsu ya sa itacen ya sa wuyan wuyansa ya tashi 3-5 cm sama da kasa. Kuma suna fara yayyafa asalinsu tare da qasa a kowane bangare, latsawa ta lokaci-lokaci, suna daidaita ƙasa tare da dabino na hannun su, sa'annan su gyara rami zuwa ƙasa. A ƙarshe, jigon yana ɗaura da tarkon da aka yi.
Shin kuna sani? Idan tushen bishiya sun bushe, an ajiye su a cikin ruwa don 2.5-3.5 hours kafin dasa, sa'an nan kuma ya zama abin da zai dace don tsalle su a cikin lambun lambun.
Yadda za a magance cherries a gonar, tukwici da dabaru
Akwai adadin jagororin don kula da cherries, wanda dole ne a bi.
Cherry watering dokoki
Lokacin da aka dasa ceriyar, an jefa wani banki mai zurfin diamita na ramin, 20-25 cm, kuma tare da hankali a cikin ramin da aka samu a kusa da seedling, sannu a hankali zuba cikin ruwa - 1.5-2 buckets. Lokacin da ruwa yake shayewa bayan ban ruwa, an ƙone ƙasa mai kusa da ƙasa. A nan gaba, itacen yana shayar kamar yadda ake buƙata, yana guje wa ruwa mai yawa.
Yadda za a takin ceri
Hanzarta da kuma sauƙaƙa da namo cherries daidai shafi da takin mai magani. Na farko shekaru 2 bayan dasa ba lallai ba ne don ciyar da cherries. A wannan lokaci, itacen yana da isasshen kayan abinci da aka gabatar a cikin rami na dasa.
A shekara ta uku kafin flowering, an gabatar da shirye-shirye na nitrogen. Zai fi kyau yin wannan ta hanyar ban ruwa, alal misali, gishiri a cikin ruwa - 25 g / 10 l. A lokacin flowering cherries ciyar da humus, takin ko droppings, kuma a cikin ruwa (Formed tare da ruwa) don ban ruwa. Har ila yau a tsakiyar lokacin rani - Yuli - farkon watan Agusta, zaka iya sake yin gishiri ko kwayoyin halitta.
Tsarin kaka - Organic ko potassium-phosphate takin mai magani. Suna yin tsire-tsire na kaka, sa'annan suyi zurfi. Amma ba zurfi fiye da 15 cm ba.
Yadda za a yanka da ceri a gonar
Pruning ceri a lõkacin da aka dasa shi ne nan da nan. Daga layin ƙasa zuwa na farko reshe ya kamata 50-55 cm na wani danda ganga - wannan nisa ake kira shtamb. Sauran karin rassan a kan akwati an yanke.
Zaɓi rassan rassan ƙarfe 6-7 a wani kusurwar ba kasa da 40-45 digiri zuwa ga akwati, wanda zai zama tushen makomar gaba, kuma rage su ta 7-10 cm.
Duk sauran rassan rassan an yanke.
Shin kuna sani? Duk wani fashin da aka yi yayi da kuma daidai. Rashin rassan rassan karkashin "zero", wato, ba tare da barin hagu ba. Kuma ana amfani da sassan layi tare da farar farar ƙasa.A nan gaba, a kowace shekara, adiyoyi - sun ci gaba da haifar da kambi, cire rassan bishiyoyi ko rassan da suke da cututtukan, kuma ko da yaushe tushen, ci gaba da girma.
Yadda za a kare ceri a cikin hunturu
Gaba ɗaya, ceri ne itace mai sanyi, yana jure yanayin zafi maras kyau da kuma hibernates kullum. Amma akwai tsire-tsire ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara ba, wanda tushen tsarin cherry ya sha wahala a farkon wuri. Mafi kyawun kariya ga wannan harka shine rufe ɗakin itace tare da dusar ƙanƙara kuma tare da shi tare da bambaro da sawdust a saman, tare da rufe rassan spruce.
Kwaro da cutar rigakafi
Kulawa da kyau ga cherries taimaka wajen kauce wa cututtuka da kuma kwari. Duk cututtuka mafi kyau su hana. A cikin kaka, bayan na farko frosts, cherries da stalk-tushen ƙasa suna fesa tare da 5-6% bayani na urea ya hallaka pathogens.
Ƙarancin urea bayani yana da mummunar tasiri akan kwari mai cutarwa, microbes da fungi.
Kuma kafin spraying - cire duk wadanda ke da cututtukan, shrunken, rassan rassan, ganye da suka fadi da kuma rufe sama da haushi akan haushi. Maimakon urea, magunguna da antimicrobial kwayoyi za a iya amfani dashi - Zineb, Scor, Nitrafen, Flatan, Topsin M, jan oxychloride, ruwa ruwa, da dai sauransu.
Yana da muhimmanci! Coccomycosis da moniliosis suna da cututtukan fungal na ceri. Tsarin su, yin rigakafi na rashin lafiya yana daga cikin manyan ayyuka na lambu.Daga kwari da tsinkaye na kudan zuma, aphid, harbe mota, sawfly. An haramta amfani da kwayoyi masu amfani da su "Inta Vir", "Sanya", "Aktara".
Tsarin hanyoyin kiwo
Cherry yana ƙaruwa a hanyoyi da yawa.
Cuttings
Ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da za a iya kiwo. Its amfani shi ne cewa za ka iya samun kama tushen-mallaka varietal seedlings.
An katse cututtuka a lokacin girma girma na itace - farkon - tsakiyar watan Yuni.
Halin halayyar alama ga mafi kyawun lokaci na yanke zai zama girman kai na kusa kusa da ɓangare na harbi da haushi mai laushi a sama da tsakiya.
Yana da kyawawa don yanke gudun hijira a rana mai sanyi da sassafe ko da maraice. Yanke harbe 25-30 cm tsawo tare da babban yawan girma buds, raba wadannan yanke rassan a cikin rabin, barin biyu internodes a kan kowane kashi. Sa'an nan kuma yayyafa foliage da wuri a cikin ruwa, cikin abin da zaka iya (amma ba dole ba) ƙara girma mai sarrafawa.
Ana rassan rassan a cikin ruwa don 1.5-2 cm An tsare su tsawon awa 12-24 kuma an dasa su a cikin wani gine-gine - zurfin 3-4 cm, makirci - 8 * 5. Don gine-gine, ana daukar peat da yashi a daidai daidaitacce a daidai rabbai, gauraye da kuma shimfidawa a ƙasa. Yarda da surface kuma yayyafa har zuwa 2 cm tare da yashi sake, moisturize da kyau. Bayan dasa shuki na gado a saman rufe tare da fim.
Yawancin lokaci bayan makonni 3-4 da aka fara asali sun fara, an saukar da fim a gefen gefen don samun iska da hardening na cuttings. Har ila yau, bayan kafawar tushen, an gabatar da takin zuwa ga tsire-tsire-kwayoyin halitta ko kwayoyin potassium-phosphorus.
Kayan yana da kyau, an sanya shi zuwa hunturu a cikin ƙasa ko kuma aka haƙa kuma an adana shi har sai bazara a cikin cellar, ginshiki. By dasa da girma irin wannan cuttings a cikin bazara, a cikin fall sun sami kansu cikakken raya ceri seedlings.
Sauya tushen harbe
Wannan hanya ce mai sauƙi. Gwaninta, itatuwan masu girma suna dace da shi. Kusa da mahaifiyar ceri zabi wani harbe shekaru biyu tare da isasshen fure da kuma karfi.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ba a dauka harbe a kai tsaye a kusa da gangar jikin ba, saboda wannan zai iya lalata tushen tsarin bishiyar girma.
Sa'an nan kuma suka yanke tushen da ya danganta da matasa da aka zaba da kuma abincin da yake ciki - wannan shi ne duka. A lokacin bazara, an rabu da rabe kuma an dasa su a wani wuri. Wannan seedling za ta kasance mallaka-kafe, sabili da haka, kiyaye duk alamun iyaye. Tsarin iri
Don fara raba yiwuwar "mai da hankali", tsaba mai mahimmanci. Don yin wannan, kasusuwa da ƙwayoyin nama (tsaba) sun bushe, sa'an nan kuma an kwashe ƙasusuwan ƙasusuwan da yawa a cikin ruwa. Sai kawai waɗanda suka tafi zuwa ƙasa an zabe su don shuka, kuma wadanda suka fito suna jefawa. Sauran ƙasusuwan cherries a zafin jiki na + 13 + 15 ° C ana sanya su a cikin cakuda yashi da ruwa kuma sun bar cikin akwati har sai bazara.
Shin kuna sani? A cikin yankuna da tsauraran matuka, za'a iya dasa duwatsu a tsakiyar ko karshen watan Agusta.Zaka iya barin kasusuwa a kan tashar, a busassun busassun ƙasa. Kamar yadda ake buƙata, tsaftace yashi don kada ta bushe. Spring sown zuwa zurfin 2-2.5 cm tare da wani lokaci na 40-45 cm daga juna. Top prutrivayut peat, sawdust. Bayan germination thinned fita.
Bugu da ƙari, bayan shuka, shahararren kulawa shi ne weeding, watering, fertilizing tare da kwayoyin halitta ko ma'adinai da takin mai magani. Noma ko tono don hunturu a cikin cellar, ko hagu a cikin hunturu da hotunan fim. Cunkushe seedlings a spring suna transplanted zuwa wuri m.
Tsarin da aka samo ta hanyar wannan hanya bazai adana dukiyar gonar itace ba - girman berries, dandano, yawan amfanin su ya bambanta.
Alurar riga kafi
Cultivate cherries a kan tushen harbe, a kan seedlings (girma stock) ko a daya- ko biyu shekaru seedlings. Cuttings don inoculation na 12-15 cm kuma tare da 2-3 buds ana dauka a cikin marigayi kaka ko a farkon hunturu - zuwa mai tsanani frosts. Sanya sare ko dai a cikin ginshiki, ko a cikin dusar ƙanƙara, pritrushchenny peat, sawdust.
Ana yin rigakafi a cikin bazara - yayin da ruwan ya kwarara, wannan shine lokacin mafi kyau ga aikin haruffa. Zaka iya gwada alurar riga kafi a lokacin rani, amma, mafi mahimmanci, tare da rashin tasiri. Idan kuna kokarin yin maganin alurar rigakafi a lokacin rani, cuttings sunyi amfani da sabbin bishiyoyi. 
Akwai hanyoyi biyu na rigakafi. Budding - yana da peephole da Daidaitawa - wannan abu ne mai mahimmanci. Inoculation dabaru - a raba, a cikin kuka, a cikin butt, a gefen yanke. Gwararrun masu bada shawara su fara farawa tare da hanyar - a cikin tsaga.
Yanke wata reshe na samfurin ka bar wani kututture. A kan kututture, sai su rabu, su sa wani sabon abu a ciki tare da sabon shirin, za a sake sare su kuma a yanka su tare da tsaka. An yi haushi na shinge tare da tsawon lokacin da ya kera.
Sa'an nan tsaga reshe tare da rike tam primyvayut tef. Ƙungiyar inoculation an rufe shi tare da filin farar ƙasa, kuma an saka jakar filastik a kan shinge mai shinge daga sama. Bayan kwanaki 12-15, bincika maganin alurar riga kafi, idan yankan ya tushe, an cire kunshin.
Noma na ceri da kula da shi shi ne wanda ya dace har ma mutum ya dauki matakai na farko a aikin lambu. Nuna jimiri da yin duk abin da ke daidai, bayan shekaru 2-3, zaka iya samun girbin farko. Dukansu a zahiri da alama - don su ji dadin 'ya'yan hannayen su.
