Girma Peas a gida: daga zaɓi iri iri zuwa girbi

Kusan kowane mai lambu yana girma Peas a cikin lambu. Amma a kan windowsills, wannan al'adar ba ta da yawa. Kodayake babu wani abu mai rikitarwa don samun amfanin gona "a zaman talala", a'a. Dankin yana da matukar ƙarfi, ba ya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Tabbas, ba duk nau'ikan da suka dace don haɓaka a gida ba, amma daga nau'in data kasance yana da matukar yiwuwa a zaɓi waɗancan da yawa dace. Mafi sau da yawa, ana dasa peas na sukari a kan windowsill, wanda ba hatsi kawai ya dace da abinci ba, har ma da wake da ƙwayayen - ana yaba shi sosai saboda dandano.

Pea iri dake dacewa da girma a gida

Peas a gida ba shine yawancin amfanin gona ba. Mafi yawan lokuta akan windowsills suna girma kowane irin ganye da ganye. Amma bisa manufa, babu abin da ba zai yiwu ba cikin wannan. Pea hatsi ba kawai dadi bane, har ma suna da lafiya sosai. Hakanan za'a iya cin ganye a saƙinsa, wannan shine zaɓi mafi dacewa don letas.

Abu ne mai yuwuwa a shuka Peas a kan windowsill har ma ga wadanda basu taɓa noma shi ba a gonar

Don girma a gida, zaɓi nau'in ƙananan girma daga nau'in sukari ko harsashi. Baya ga compactness, suna da wani fa'ida - mafi succulent ganye fiye da hatsi Peas.

Daga cikin nau'ikan sukari, masu zuwa sun fi shahara:

• Ambrosia Sabuwar achievementan kwanan nan ta hanyar Russianan shayarwa na Rasha. An lura da shi sosai cewa yana dacewa sosai don amfani sabo, don shirya kowane irin kayan abinci na dafuwa. Yawancin nau'ikan farkon farkon girbin, amfanin gona ya farfado cikin kwanaki 45-55 kawai. Tsawon tsiron tsiro ya kai cm 50-70. Bean wake tare da lanƙwasa ɗan ƙaramin abu, yana ƙara ƙarfi ga ɗanɗano, tsawo (8-10 cm), ɗan ƙaramin laushi. An fentin su a cikin launin salatin, babu wani layin "takarda" mai wuya. Ana ƙirƙirar mafi ƙanƙan wake a tsayin kusan 35 cm, ba tare da taɓa ƙasa ba. Harshen hatsi ya narke, masu launin shuɗi a sashi. A kowane kwalaye akwai guda 6.
• Zhegalova 112. varietyayan da ya tabbatar da rashin cancancin isa ga ƙarni ɗaya na lambu. Yana da matsakaici marigayi ripening fis. Ansan wake ya isa da ƙarfin fasaha a cikin kwanaki 50-60 bayan tsiro, yayi cikakke cikin kwanaki 90-110. Jirgin itace mai tsayi sosai (120-180 cm), tare da dogon internodes. Tabbas shuka zai bukaci tallafi. Da wake wake ne kusan madaidaiciya ko tare da kawai m lanƙwasa, tip ne maras ban sha'awa. Matsakaicin matsakaici shine 10-15 cm, diamita shine 2.3-2.5 cm Kowane kwalaye yana da tsaba 5-8. Bã su da wani maras kyau zagaye-angular siffar, suna dan kadan flattened a baka. Fentin kore tare da launin toka mai launin toka. Girbi ripens en masse.
• Budurwa budurwa. Wani iri-iri daga tsakiyar farkon nau'in. Lokacin girma shine kwanaki 65-70. Tsayin karar shine murabba'in 130-150. Gwangwani tare da karin lanƙwasa ko lessasa da yawa, gajeru (7-8 cm), daban-daban. Mafi ƙarancin waɗanda aka kafa su a tsawo na cm 70. Babu rufin “takarda”. A hatsi ne matsakaici-sized, wrinkled, kodadde rawaya a yanke. Kowane kwalaye yana da guda shida. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan, ana kwatanta shi da babban abun da ke cikin furotin (kusan 25%). Sauran fa'idarsa ita ce juriya ga cututtukan fungal, gami da nau'ikan rot.
• Sugar Oregon (wanda aka samo a ƙarƙashin sunan Oregon Suga). Yawancin nau'ikan daga cikin tsakiyar lokacin kaka, amfanin gona ya farfado cikin kwanaki 55-70, ana kara tsawon lokacin 'ya'yan itace. Kara ba musamman tsawo (har zuwa 1 m), amma lokacin da girma a cikin yanayin ingantacce, zai iya shimfiɗa fiye da yadda ya dace a gida. An wake tare da ɗan lanƙwasa da kwalliya mai laushi, elongated (9-10 cm), kamar dai karye yake. A cikin kowane fis na 5-7. Tsarin "takarda" ba shi da masaniya, amma yanzu. Koyaya, ana iya cin Peas tare da kwaro. Ku ɗanɗani suna da kyau sosai, ana ɗauka iri-iri masu daɗi. Hatsi na matsakaici matsakaici, rawaya mai haske akan yanke, farfaɗo ya ɗan lalace. Aeration ya rinjayi yawan aiki, saboda haka ana buƙatar tsabtace ɗakin a kai a kai.
• Yara sukari. Wani iri-iri daga tsakiyar farkon nau'in. Bishiyar tana da tsaka tsaka, kusan 95 cm. beansan wake suna da fadi, tare da ɗan lanƙwasa, ana nuna alamar. Farar takarda yana ɓace. An ƙirƙiri ƙananan katako a tsayin 30-35 cm .. Dandano yana da kyau sosai, ƙwaɗan suna da taushi da laushi. Farjin hatsi ya yi yaushi, akan yanke su masu rawaya ne. A iri-iri ne unpretentious a cikin kulawa, godiya ga mai girma high yawan amfanin ƙasa.
• Rashin Gaske ne 195. varietyan yawa daga nau'in matsakaici na farkon, ƙarfin fasaha ya kai cikin kwanaki 45-60, cikakkiyar balaga - a cikin kwanaki 70-90. Kara tare da dogon internodes, tsayi ya bambanta daga cm 75 zuwa 115 cm. Beasa da ƙararrawa mai nuna alama ko madaidaiciya gabaɗaya, tip ɗin ya zama mara nauyi. Wani lokacin akwai "maƙarƙashiya". Tsawon wake shine 8 cm, diamita shine 1.5-1.8 cm Kowane kwalaye yana da Peas 6-7. 'Ya'yan lemun tsami launi, lokacin overripe, juya rawaya. Siffar ba ta da ƙa'ida - sun zagaye-angular, ɗan ɗan lokaci kaɗan.

Hoto: Irin fis ɗin pea wanda ya dace da girma a gida

A kan windowsill zaka iya girma peasing peas. Kawai yana amfani da hatsi don abinci, wake da kansu ba su da amfani.

• Oscar. Pea iri-iri ya fito ne daga Jamhuriyar Czech. Ya kasance nau'in matsanancin-farkon. Girbi ya farfado a cikin kwanaki 42-45. Ganyen yana da gajeru, kusan 70-80 cm. beansan wake suna da tsayi (9-12 cm), suna da ƙarfi sosai, ana nuna alamar. A cikin kowane peak na 10-12. Ana ƙirƙirar ƙananan wake a tsawo na 40 cm. Hatsi waɗanda suka kai ga balaga na fasaha, kore, a sare - salatin fata. A kwasfa sosai wrinkled. Dankin yana da tsayayya da cututtuka, musamman ga Fusarium za. Girbi ya taru tare.
• Adagum. An rarraba nau'ikan a matsayin tsakiyar kaka. Girbi ya farfado cikin kwanaki 68-73. Naman ya kai girman 70-80 cm, internodes takaice ne, akwai 'yan ganye. Kasancewar gashin-baki mai haɓaka halayyar halayya ce. Ansan wake suna da gajeru sosai (7 cm), ba tare da tanƙwara ba, tare da nuna saman, launi mai launin kore. Kowane kwalaye yana da digiri 6-9. Yawancin lokaci shuka ɗaya ke kawo wake 12-16. A hatsi ne matsakaici-sized (ko kusa da babba), kore mai duhu, lemun tsami akan yanke, fata mai lalacewa. Bambancin yana nuna kyakkyawan rigakafi ga mildew powder da ascochitosis, amma bashi da cikakken kariya.
• Farkon Gribovsky 11. Balaga na fasaha yana faruwa a cikin kwanaki 54-63 bayan fitowan, cike - a cikin kwanaki 66-73. Kara tare da ɗan gajeren internodes, tsayinsa ya kai ƙima na 35 cm cm Be wake yana da lebur ko tare da ɗan lanƙwasa, kore mai duhu. Matsakaicin matsakaici shine 8-10 cm, diamita shine 1.2-1.4 cm Kowane kwalaye yana da Peas 6-8. A hatsi ne zagaye-angular, dan kadan flattened. Yayin da suke girma, suna canza launi daga kore zuwa launin shuɗi. M samar da m. Cutar da ta fi haɗari ga cultivar shine ascochitosis.
• Hawsky lu'ulu'u. Yawancin nau'ikan tsakiyar tsakiyar kaka, lambu suna yin sama da shekaru ashirin. Tsarin yayyafa yana ɗaukar kwanaki 55-70, 'ya'yan itace yana da kyau. Tsawon karar shine 78-97 cm, tare da duka 18-20 internodes, wake kuma suka fara nunawa a tsayin 11-14th. Bean wake tare da ɗan lanƙwasa, an nuna bakin. Matsakaicin matsakaici shine 7-8 cm, diamita shine 1.2 cm kowannensu yana da Peas 5-9. Hatsi ba su da girma musamman, kusan girma ɗaya, mai sheki, a cikin nau'ikan kumburi tare da kusurwoyin da aka zagaye, ana fentin launin ruwan lemun tsami, a kan farin da aka yanke da launin rawaya. An yaba da nau'ikan da kyau don kyakkyawan juriyarsa ga kowane nau'in rot.
• Bangaskiya Varietyan bambanta daga nau'ikan farkon ripening. Za'a iya cire girbi kwanaki 48-63 bayan tsiro. A wannan lokacin, wake sun kai ga isawar fasaha. Peas bada shawarar ga canning. Tsawon karar ba ya wuce cm 55-65. Gwangwani suna madaidaiciya ko kuma tare da wani sassauƙar sanarwa. Tsawon shi ne 6-9 cm, kuma diamita shine 1.2-1.4 cm kowane yana ɗaukar hatsi 6-8. Farar takarda yana magana sosai. Yayinda yake tono, launin kwalin ya canza daga kore salatin zuwa lemun tsami. Peas ba babba ba ne, ba na birgima ba ne — na yau da kullun, launin rawaya, mai saurin gaske, ɗayan-girma. Yawancin lokaci suna kamuwa da kwayar cutar ascochitosis.
• Rana rana. Peas ya isa balaga fasaha a cikin kwanaki 67. Tsawon tsayi - 65-75 cm. Beyan wake suna farawa a tsayin cm 18-20. Ganyayyaki masu ƙauri suna da duhu kore, matsakaici a girma. Tsarin takardar takaddun bayyane bayyane. Peas masu haske ne mai haske, letas a yanke, dan kadan a daidaita a tsaye, farfajiyar an lalace.

Hoto na hoto: nau'ikan nau'ikan peasing peas

Ana shirya kayan dasawa

Shirya don girma Peas a gida yana farawa da zaɓi na kyawawan tsaba. Su ne mabuɗin babban abin girbi a gaba. Za ku iya saya ko tara su da kanku. Suna riƙe germination har shekara biyu.

Mataki na farko na farkon dasa shuki na pea tsaba - dubawa na gani

Da farko dai, an ware peas kuma a hankali, ana watsar da waɗanda suke da lahani na fili - keta alfarmar fata, wasu lalacewar na inji, aibobi waɗanda suka yi kama da lamuran ƙwaya da na juji, ƙirar sikeli da sifofi, da sauransu.

Ragowar tsaba a cikin mintina 10-15 ana nutsarwa cikin ruwa mai laushi tare da ƙari na gishiri (20 g kowace lita). Idan babu narkewa ko ruwan sama, famfon na yau da kullun zai yi. Amma dole ne a kare shi aƙalla rana guda ɗaya, jiran jiran hazo don kama da launin fari mai launin fari. Hakanan zaka iya ƙara dropsan saukad da na apple cider vinegar ko lu'ulu'u ne na citric acid. Wadancan peas din da suke iyo saman za a iya jefa su nan da nan. Haske mara kyau yana nufin rashin tayin. Irin waɗannan tsaba ba zasu ba da seedlings ba, a bayyane yake.

Miyar pea a cikin gyada zai ba ku damar musun waɗanda a fili ba za su yi tsiro ba

Peas da suka wuce gwajin don yiwuwar germination an shirya su don shuka. Harkar da aka fitar daga maganin daskarar ruwan an wanke ta a ruwa mai gudana kuma ta ba da damar wuce haddi ta hanyar shimfida su akan kayan adon na lilin ko tawul na auduga. Sannan suna narkewa a cikin maganin potassium permanganate mai haske rasberi launi don hana ci gaban cututtukan fungal. Ruwa tare da ƙari na boric acid (0.1 g da 0.5 l) ma ya dace. Tsarin a farkon lamari yana ɗaukar awanni 6-8, a cikin na biyu - mintuna 15-20.

Maganin potassium mai lalacewa - daya daga mafi kyawun masu maye a jiki

Bayan haka, an sake wanke Peas kuma a ajiye shi tsawon awanni 6-6 a cikin ruwa a fili, mai tsananin zafi zuwa 40-45ºС. A cikin wannan lokacin, yana da kyau a sauya shi aƙalla sau ɗaya ko sau biyu, saboda yana sanya sanyi. Bayan lokacin da aka tsara, an cire su daga ruwa kuma bushe.

Mataki na ƙarshe na dasa shuki shuki ne. Wani yanki na auduga ko ulu na auduga yana da ruwa da ruwa kuma an matse shi kadan domin kada ya bushe. Don haɓaka aikin, ana iya ƙara biostimulant a cikin ruwa. Dukansu sun sayi magunguna (Epin, Kornevin, Heteroauxin, potassium humate) da magungunan jama'a (ruwan 'ya'yan aloe, zuma, succinic acid) sun dace. Ana sanya zuriya a kan wannan masana'anta kuma an rufe su da yanki guda a saman. Ba a so a yi amfani da tabar wiwi. 'Ya'yan tsiran da ke fitowa suna rikicewa tsakanin maƙeran, ba zai yiwu a fitar da su daga can ba tare da fashe shi ba. Kuma adon adon na takarda da sauri a cikin shimfidar shimfidar kwalliya, saboda kayan zai kasance koyaushe a jika shi yayin da yake bushewa. Babu wani yanayi da ya kamata a manta da haka. Idan masana'anta ta bushe, sai kawai tsaba su bace.

Idan kun kunshi pea a cikin gauze, samfuran da aka shuka za su kasance da matukar wahala a cire su daga nan ba tare da lahani ba.

Sakamakon "cakuda" an sanya shi a kan farantin karfe kuma a sanya shi cikin zafi. Misali, batirin dumama ko taga mai haskakawa galibin rana ya dace. Tsaba suna shirye don dasawa, a cikin abin da huɗun ya kai kusan santimita a tsayi. Sun fantsama wani wuri a cikin kwanaki 2-3, duka aikin yana ɗaukar kwanaki 5-6. Irin waɗannan peas suna ba wa seedlings kwanaki 4-5 a baya fiye da shiryawa ba.

'Ya'yan pea da aka zana suna nuna saurin hatsi mai sauri fiye da wanda ba a shirya ba

Ana aiwatar da hanyar a cikin hanyar da za'a iya dasa tsaba a cikin ƙasa nan da nan bayan ta. Basu ma bukatar a bushe dasu.

Wasu lambu suna ba da shawarar kawai zuba Peas da ruwa mai ɗumi. Amma a wannan yanayin, waɗanda ba su da kwarewa sosai suna iya lalata kayan shuka. Idan kumfa suka bayyana a saman ruwa, wannan yana nuna cewa wani ɓangare na ƙwayayen sun mutu saboda dorewa a ciki. Yawancin lokaci isa dare, da safe Peas za a iya dasa. Za su kumbura, amma ba za su yi tsiro ba. Saboda haka, bayyanar 'yan seedlings za su yi jinkiri.

Bidiyo: shirye-shiryen 'ya'yan shuka iri

Yadda ake girma Peas a gida akan windowsill: yanayin yanayi ingantacce

Babu wasu buƙatu na musamman don yanayin girma na Peas. Amma yana da kyau a san juna tare da “buri” na al'ada don ƙirƙirar microclimate mafi kyau ko kusa. Sai kawai a wannan yanayin yana yiwuwa a sami girbi mai yawa.

Peas yana daya daga cikin amfanin gona lambu mai tsaurin sanyi-shuki. Ana kiyaye wannan ingancin lokacin da aka girma a gida. Dankin yana da girma a zazzabi na 16-18 ° C, saboda haka za a iya kwashe tukwane cikin bazara da bazara a cikin baranda, ba tare da an saka masu ba. Amma fis yi haƙuri zafi in mun gwada da talauci. A 25ºС kuma mafi girma, ana hana aikin aiwatar da shuka ƙarfi, kamar dai ya faɗi cikin "ɓarkewa". Wannan ya cutar da amfanin gona na gaba. Sabili da haka, a gida, ba a so a shuka hatsi a watan Yuni ko Yuli. Waɗannan su ne mafi yawan watanni. Mafi ƙarancin mahimmancin al'ada shine kimanin -5ºС.

A gida, Peas dole ne ya sami isasshen haske.

Peas yana nufin tsire-tsire na tsawon sa'o'in hasken rana. Don haɓaka al'ada, tsire-tsire suna buƙatar mafi ƙarancin sa'o'i 12 na haske a rana. A lokacin rani, ana sanya tukwane a jikin gilashin taga suna fuskantar kudu, kudu maso gabas, kudu maso yamma. Idan rana ba ta isa ba (kuma a mafi yawan yankuna na Rasha yana da, musamman a cikin hunturu, ƙarshen kaka da farkon bazara), dole ne a yi amfani da tushen haske na wucin gadi. Dukansu phytolamps na musamman da na yau da kullun (luminescent, LED) zasu yi. An sanya su kusan rabin mitir sama da kwano tare da Peas, a saman, a nesa na kusan rabin mitir, a wani ɗan kusurwa.

Phytolamps yana taimakawa na samar da sa'o'in hasken rana na tsawon lokacin da ake buƙata.

Pea yana da halayyar kwarai game da iska mai kyau; ba ta tsoron zane-zane. Saboda haka, dakin dole ne a kai a kai ventilated. Da amfani a gare shi da kuma fesawa, musamman a lokacin zafi. Kuna iya ƙara zafi a cikin ɗakin a wasu hanyoyi - sanya karin tsire-tsire a cikin ɗakin, sanya tukwane tare da ruwa mai sanyi, sanya pebbles rigar ko yumɓu da aka faɗa a cikin kwanon rufi, saya na'urar ta musamman.

Tushen tushen peas yana haɓaka, kasancewar tushen tushen tushensa shine halayyar mutum.Lokacin da aka girma a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa, yana shiga cikin ƙasa kimanin mita. A gida, wannan, ba shakka, ba shi yiwuwa, amma har yanzu kuna dauko babban akwati mai zurfi, mai kama da guga don al'adu. A cikin tukwanen lebur akwai ƙarancin ƙasa, wannan na iya tsokanar zafi da yawa na tushen da rage raguwar yawan aiki. Abubuwan da aka fi so shine kayan fure. Yana bayarda wadataccen al'ada kuma baya bada izinin danshi yayi turushi a cikin kasar.

Tukunyar da aka yi daga peas mai girma dole ne ya kasance mai zurfi da kuma ƙarfin wuta

Pea substrate fi son gina jiki, amma a lokaci guda quite haske. Ko da kuwa kun sayi ƙasa ko cakuɗa da kanku, abun da ke ciki dole ne ya ƙunshi burodin burodi - m yashi, perlite, vermiculite, bushe bushe moss-sphagnum, fiber mai kaɗa, bambaro.

Shredded bushe moss-sphagnum ya ba kasar gona da friability da ake buƙata

Wani bangare mai mahimmanci shine humus ko takin rotted. Zai samar da ruwan magani tare da mahimmancin abinci mai mahimmanci. Karka taɓa amfani da taki mai laushi. Yana mamaye ƙasa tare da nitrogen, Peas, kamar dukkan legumes, yana da dukiya mai kama. Kuma wuce haddi na wannan macroelement barnatar da keɓaɓɓiyar rigakafi na shuka, na taimaka wa aiki samuwar kore taro zuwa ga lalata na fure da fruiting.

Humus yana taimakawa haɓaka ƙasa

Ga humus da yin burodi foda, an ɗauka a cikin kusan daidai girma, ƙara a matsayin ƙasa mai yawa. Kuna iya amfani da ƙasa daga gonar (mafi kyau tare da wanda akan sa kowane Solanaceae ko Suman a baya), ya sayi kayan duniya gaba ɗaya na shuka ko tsire-tsire na cikin gida, gandun daji. Na ƙarshen zai fi dacewa a ɗauka a ƙarƙashin kowane bishiyoyi masu rarrafe, ban da Birch.

Dole ne a sake yin amfani da ƙasa duk lokacin amfani. Hanya mafi sauki ita ce a saka ta tsawon kwanaki akan baranda da ba a cika jin zafi ba ko a riƙe ta a cikin injin daskarewa. Sauran hanyoyin yin gasa ko tuwo.

Pea iri, da tushe wanda ba ya wuce mita, ba sa buƙatar tallafi. Don kawai a aminta, ana iya barin su su kewaye wani tallafi da aka yi da bamboo. Ana sayar dasu a kowane kantin sayar da tsire-tsire na cikin gida.

Ana iya gina tallafi don ƙudan Peas na kanshi ko saya kawai

Idan ka zaɓi ƙarin "gaba ɗaya" iri-iri, dole ne ka gina wani abu mai kama da trellis. Mafi sauƙaƙan zaɓi shine goyon baya na tsaye da kuma madaidaicin zaren da aka shimfiɗa a tsakaninsu, layin kamun kifi ko bakin ciki Girman ingantaccen raga na sakamakon shine 10 * 10 cm .. Ana sanya shi daidai, yana yin aiki ba kawai ba, har ma da kayan ado. Irin wannan "allon allo" yana kama da ban mamaki da asali. Kawai kada ka sanya zangon da aka makala da bango kusa da bango. A ƙarƙashin irin waɗannan yanayi, canjin iska na yau da kullun ba zai yiwu ba.

Tsarin Tsarin Shuka

An shuka tsaba fis da aka shirya a cikin akwati na gama gari, fadi da kauri. Idan kai tsaye bayar da kowane ɗayansu da babban ƙarfin mutum, akwai haɗarin haɗarin acidation na ƙasa da haɓaka rot. A ka'ida, dasa shuki a cikin kofuna waɗanda filastik ko tukwane na peat ya halatta, amma har yanzu kuna buƙatar tara. Tushen tsarin peas ba shi da isasshen sarari.

Kai tsaye a cikin tsarin saukowa babu wani abu mai rikitarwa. Suna aiki bisa ga tsarin mai zuwa:

1. Kwantena suna cike da ƙasa mai narkewa, an shayar da su kuma an zazzage su. 3-5 cm ya kamata ya kasance a gefen kwandon idan babu ramuka na magudanar ruwa, dole ne a yi shi da kansa. Farin ruwa a ƙasa yana da kyawawa - Layer na yumɓu mai yumɓu da yumɓu, dutse mai ƙyalli, ƙwaƙwalwa, kwakwalwan bulo kamar 2 cm lokacin farin ciki
   

   Da farko, an shuka iri fis a cikin kwantena.

2. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin tsagi tare da zurfin kusan cm 2. Tsaka-tsakin da ke tsakanin su shine cm 5 cm - jera-layi na 7-8 cm ne. An yafa furrows da ƙasa, ba tare da an yi masa ruwan wuta ba. Sannan ƙasa ta sake zama mai daɗaɗɗa ta hanyar fesawa daga kwalban fesa. Akwatin an rufe shi da gilashin ko yanki na polyethylene, yana juyawa zuwa cikin greenhouse. Kafin fitowar seedlings, Peas baya buƙatar haske. Koyaya, ana buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullun kamar yadda daskarar ta bushe da iska a kullun. Ya isa ka cire matsuguni na mintina 10-15 don kauda ragowar ƙwayar cuta.
   

   'Ya'yan pea ana shuka su a cikin ƙasa lokacin dasa shuki don haka harbin yana nuna ƙasa
3. Bayan an shuka iri, an cire tsari. Ana ba da al'adar tare da hasken rana lokacin da ake buƙata, ta halitta ko ta wucin gadi. Matsakaicin zafin jiki shine 18-20ºС. Rage ruwa na yau da kullun yana da mahimmanci. Karku bar ƙasa ta bushe. Kimanin mako guda bayan fitowan, ana aiwatar da suturar farko ta farko, ana tafasa Peas tare da maganin sauki superphosphate (2-3 g a kowace lita na ruwa).
   

   'Ya'yan pea da aka shirya cikakke ne sosai

4. A cikin lokaci na ganye na gaskiya na biyu, seedlings ya nitse. Suna zaune a cikin kwantena daban tare da adadin 0.3-0.5 lita. Kuna iya sake amfani da akwatin akwatin gama gari, amma yakamata ya kasance babba. Nisa mafi kyau duka tsakanin tsirrai akalla 5 cm ne. Ana amfani da ƙasa iri ɗaya kamar na shuka.
   1. An cire su daga tsohon akwati tare da dunƙule na ƙasa a kan Tushen, suna ƙoƙarin rage amincin su.
   2. Ana shuka 'ya'yan itace a cikin ramuka game da zurfin 5 cm.
   3. Don kwanaki 4-5 bayan nutsewa, ana kiyaye peas a cikin inuwa m, yana kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye.
   4. Tiedalingsan reachedan wasan da suka kai tsawo na 12-15 cm an ɗaura su da goyon baya, in da bukata.
      

      Pea seedlings bayan nutsewa, idan ya cancanta, an ɗaura shi wani tallafi

Arin kulawa da shuka da girbi

Ba a kula da peas ba, duka a gonar da a gida. Babban bangaren fasahar noma shine kyakkyawan ruwa. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci cewa ƙasa a cikin tukunya yana kwance kullun, yana ba da damar samun iska mai kyau zuwa tushen kuma yana hana ƙasa yin shuka.

Duban ƙasa ya zama dole lokacin da ake girma peas a cikin tukunya akan windowsill kuma a buɗe ƙasa

Yawancin nau'ikan suna fara yin fure wata guda bayan dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa ko ma kadan a baya. Girbi ya farfado a cikin wasu kwanaki 20-25. Don yawancin nau'ikan sukari, an rage wannan lokacin zuwa kwanaki 10-15. Babu matsaloli don fara fitar da 'ya'yan itace. Pea al'ada ce ta son kai; tana magance wannan aiki sosai ba tare da wani taimako na waje ba.

'Ya'yan itaciya ko da a fursuna suna ɗaure ba tare da taimako ba

Kafin fure, ya isa ya shayar da tsirrai sau biyu a mako idan yanayin kan titi ya fi kyau ga amfanin gona. Da zaran an gama budewa, togaran ta shiga zuwa kwana biyu. A cikin zafin rana, har ma ana buƙatar shayarwa yau da kullun da ƙarin spraying. A kowane hali, yi amfani da ruwa mai laushi kawai a ɗumi zuwa zafin jiki na ɗakin.

Abu ne mai sauki a tantance ko lokaci ya riga ya yi ko kuma ya cancanci jira - kasar gona daga saman bene, idan ana shafa shi a yatsunsu, yaji “rashi”, ba za a iya matse shi cikin dunƙulewar ba. Kowane lokaci, kusan rabin sa'a bayan hanya, lokacin da danshi ya rigaya an ɗora, an yanke ƙasa zuwa zurfin kusan 5 cm.

Ana zubar da peas da ƙarfi. Wannan ya haɗa ƙasa, yana sa ya zama da wahala a madaidaici. Har ila yau hadarin kamuwa da cututtukan fungal shima yana ƙaruwa.

Banda riguna na sama, da za'ayi kafin nutsewa, ya isa a shafa takin sau uku a lokacin ciyawar da yake aiki zuwa Peas. Lokaci na farko ana aiwatar da aikin nan da nan kafin fure, na gaba tare da tazara tsakanin kwanaki 12-15. Ana shirya maganin mai gina jiki ta hanyar narke 1.5-2 g na superphosphate mai sauƙi da potassium sulfate a cikin ruwa na ruwa. Hakanan akwai takin zamani na musamman don kayan ƙwari waɗanda za'a iya siyan su a kowane shagon musamman ba tare da matsala ba. Basu dauke da sinadarin nitrogen, wanda shuka take cika kasar gona da kanta.

Takin tsire-tsire na Legumes ba su da nitrogen - tsire-tsire suna samar da wannan macroelement da kansa

Waɗanda suka fi son kayan ado na sama na ainihi na iya amfani da katako na itace a bushe ko kuma yin jiko daga ciki.

Wood ash - asalin halitta asalin potassium da phosphorus

Bidiyo: dasa shuki da ci gaba da kulawa da amfanin gona

Ana cire wake kamar yadda suke yayyafa. Zurfin hatsi a cikin yanayin fasaha ya ƙalla aƙalla 6-7 mm. Dankakken wake da aka bari akan shuka yana hana samuwar sabbin kwayoyin kwayoyi.

Kingauki a kai a kai na beansan wake wake suna tayar da bayyanar sabbin ƙwayoyin kwayoyi, ta yadda hakan ke haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa

Waɗanda suka fara farawa sune murfin katako wanda ke ƙasa da komai. Fruiting a cikin mafi yawan iri ne kara, yana kimanin watanni biyu. A wannan lokacin, ana cire kilogiram 0,5-0.8 daga wani daji. An yanke su a hankali tare da almakashi ko wuka mai kaifi. Kar a ja, murguɗa ko ja kwalin. Abu ne mai sauqi ka haifar da wata illa ga shuka kanta.

Alamar cewa lokacin 'ya'yan itace ya ke karewa ne. Amma zaku iya shimfiɗa shi kaɗan ta hanyar cire duk ganyen daga ƙasan ƙasa da kuma yanke saman. Wannan hanyar tana ƙarfafa bayyanar sababbin matakai.

Idan kana da gonar lambu, kada a jefar da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. An jefa fi da aka jefa a cikin tarin takin. Kuma tushen Tushen ingantaccen taki ne na asali, ingantaccen madadin taki da humus. Bawai kawai yana kara haɓakar ƙasa ba, har ma yana inganta yanayin aikinta.

Peas ba shi da lafiya a gida kusan da wuya, kuma tare da kulawar da ta dace - kusan ba haka ba. Cutar da ta fi hatsari don dasa shuki itace mildew. A lokaci guda, ba a son yin amfani da sunadarai don magance naman gwari, ana ajiye su a cikin ƙasa da kuma wake da kansu. Alamu na farko sune alamun farin launin fari mai launin shuɗi da launin shuɗi mai haske akan ganye. A hankali, “gari” ya yi duhu kuma kamar ya yi kauri, ƙwayar da abin ya shafa ta zama launin ruwan kasa, ta bushe kuma ta mutu.

Powdery mildew yana daya daga cikin cututtuka na yau da kullun da suka shafi tsire-tsire na cikin gida da amfanin gona

Don rigakafin, lu'ulu'u da yawa na potassium permanganate ana haɗa su lokaci-lokaci zuwa ruwa don ban ruwa, kuma an murƙushe alli ko ƙamshin itacen ash a cikin ƙasa lokacin dasa. Don shawo kan cutar da aka gano a farkon matakin, isasshen magunguna na jama'a. Peas an fesa shi tare da bayani na colloidal sulfur, mustard foda, diluted tare da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1:10 kefir ko whey tare da ƙari na aidin, jiko na albasa ko kiban tafarnuwa, kiban itace. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, jiyya 2-3 tare da tazara tsakanin kwanaki 3-5 sun isa. Idan babu sakamako, ana amfani da fungicides na asalin halitta (Strobi, Alirin-B, Tiovit-Jet).

Na biyu cutar na kowa a gida shine tushen rot. Sau da yawa yakan ci gaba saboda ruwa na yau da kullun na ƙasa. Hakanan yana da haɗari saboda naman gwari yana ba da asali a kan tushen na dogon lokaci, ɓangaren ɓangaren tsire-tsire yana kama da lafiya. Kuma lokacin da kara ya fara yi baƙi da laushi, ya zama siriri ga taɓawa, ƙasa takan jawo shi ƙasa ya shimfida ƙanshin rot, ya yi latti domin adana shuka. Dole ne a lalata shi da wuri-wuri - wannan shine tushen yaduwar kamuwa da cuta. Matakan rigakafi don hana ci gaban tushen lalacewa iri ɗaya ne da waɗanda aka ba da shawarar don yin yaƙi da mildew powdery.

Bayyanannun alamun pea Tushen rot suna bayyana ne kawai lokacin da ya yi latti don adana shi - ci gaban cutar ya yi nisa

Bidiyo: kwarewar hatsi a gida

Peas ba kawai dadi bane, har ma suna da lafiya sosai. Sabili da haka, yana da wuya a sami maɓallin lambun da ba shi da ɗan ƙaramin lambu tare da shi. Amma hatsi da ke ƙaunar da manya da yara za'a iya jin daɗin su ba kawai a cikin kakar ba. Shiryewar peas don dasa yayi kama da na tsaba da aka yi niyya don buɗe ƙasa. Kai tsaye a cikin dasa a cikin ƙasa kuma a ƙara kulawa da amfanin gona babu wani abu mai rikitarwa. A zahiri, ƙarshen ya ƙunshi cikin kwance ƙasa, shayarwa da amfani da takin zamani.