Pepper a cikin dukan nau'o'in ya dade yana zama sanannen kayan ƙanshi akan tebur ɗinmu.
White da baki ne 'ya'yan itatuwa iri guda, waɗanda aka ɗauka a lokuta daban-daban.
Bikin fata baƙar fata ba ne, wanda bayan aiki ya dauki nauyin da aka sani. Wadannan baƙar fata ne ko launin ruwan kasa masu launin ruwan kasa masu launin ruwan kasa da diamita na har zuwa 3-4 mm.
Mene ne farin barkono? Yana da cikakke 'ya'yan itace da ya karbi launin toka launin fata saboda ƙoshin da kuma bushewa.
Yanayin gaba na shuka
Bikin fata (Piper nigrum) itace itacen inabi mai girma zuwa mita 15. A kan shuka, yawancinta yana iyakance ne tare da sanduna zuwa mita 5. Tsire-tsire yana da furanni da ƙananan furanni, ya haɗu a dogon lokaci, rataye-haɗen inflorescences kamar kunne. Sa'an nan kuma ripen a kansu 'ya'yan itatuwa - drupes, wanda aka ci a cikin kayan kayan yaji. Its ganye ne leathery, m-dimbin yawa, kore tare da grayish Bloom.
Peren gida
Ƙungiyar Pepper - ƙwallon ƙarancin duniya.
Yana daya daga cikin manyan albarkatun gona a kasashen Kudu maso gabashin Asia, suna girma a Sri Lanka, Indiya (daga inda aka fara gabatarwa zuwa Turai), Sumatra da Borneo.
Kuma shi ne kuma mafi yawan baki a cikin gidanka.
Ɗaya daga cikin masu sayarwa a duniya shine Sumatra.
Tattara da aiki na farin barkono
Don samun farin barkono, ana girbe ne kawai lokacin da 'ya'yan itace cikakke kuma sun juya ja.
Red a cikin drupes ne kawai amniotic membrane. Rabu da shi a hanyoyi biyu. Ana zuba ruwan tsami da ruwa ko ruwa mai lemun tsami har sai an kwashe harsashi, ko kuma an ajiye su a rana don kwanaki 7-10. Fermented a rana, farin barkono ya zama m.
Bayan sakewa da peas daga harsashi, an bushe shi don samin kwasfa mai launin fata da launin toka.
Hotuna
Hoton ya nuna farin ciki peppercorns:
Kulawa na gida
Pepper "Piper nigrum" yana yiwuwa a girma a gida. Kula da shi yana da sauki. Ta hanyar samar da yanayi ga wanda yake kusa da yanayin, yana yiwuwa ya sami 'ya'yan itace da ya dace don amfani.
Dasa da girma
Ana amfani da peas baƙar fata kawai a matsayin tsaba. Farin don dasa shuki mara amfani, ba zai ba germs ba.
Baƙar fata ba an shafe shi da magani mai zafi ba, kawai yanayin bushewa, sabili da haka tsirrai yana da tsayi.
Sanya peas a cikin ruwa na tsawon awa 24. Shirya matsin matsakaicin sod, tare da bugu da humus da yashi.
Shuka tsaba a cikin akwati seedling. Don nasarar da ake samu a furewa yana bukatar zafin jiki na 25-30 digiri da kuma yawan watering.
Bayan bayyanar ganye na farko, ana ciyar da barkono tare da tsuntsaye na tsuntsaye da aka shafe da ruwa, an shafe shi da ruwa 1:10. Bayan kwanaki 7-10, ana iya tsoma tsire-tsire a cikin tukwane. Ana yin sakawa cikin Yuni.
Bayan an dasa shi, an sanya shuka a wuri mai haske, an kare shi daga hasken rana. A lokacin rani yana da kyau don kiyaye sabo, amma ba tare da zane ba. Yayin da tushen ya ke tsiro, ana saro barkono a cikin tukunya mai girma.
Flowering zai fara a cikin shekara ta biyu a karshen bazara. Bayan flowering, zai ba da 'ya'ya. A barkono ke tsiro tare da dogon lokaci, don haka yana buƙatar goyon baya. Zai iya girma har zuwa mita 2.
Temperatuwan da hasken wuta
A lokacin hunturu, wuri mafi kyau ga barkono shine littafi mai haske.amma daga radiator. Halin zafi - 18 digiri. A lokacin rani - game da digiri 23-25.
Idan itace yana a gefen kudancin ɗakin, ya yi inuwa don shidon kare daga hasken rana. Ya fi jin dadi a gabas ko yamma.
Watering da danshi
Pepper yana son ƙarancin ƙasa, saboda haka kuna buƙatar ruwa don hana shi daga bushewa.
A cikin hunturu, injin ya zo wurin hutawa, kuma rage yawan ruwa.
Pepper yana bukatar iska mai iska. A lokacin rani an yadu sau biyu a rana, sau da yawa a cikin hunturu.
Idan iska a cikin ɗakin ya yi bushe sosai, ana sanya tukunyar tukunya a cikin kwanon rufi da pebbles.
Top dressing
Ana yin gyare-gyare mafi kyau ta hanyar ma'adinai na ma'adinai na kayan ado da na bishiyoyi a cikin bazara da kuma lokacin rani kowane mako biyu. Sauran lokaci ba a hadu da shi ba.
Tashi
Yarinya yana bukatar dashi a kowace shekara, tsofaffi - sau ɗaya kowace shekara biyu. Kowace lokacin ana amfani da sabo ne da kuma tukunya mafi girma. Ƙasa ta ƙunshi leaf da sod sodiya, peat, yashi da humus. Ana sanya layi a kasa na tukunya.
Yana da muhimmanci! Pepper ne mafi alhẽri shuka a cikin tukunyar filastik, kasar gona a cikinta ta kafe ƙasa.
Kiwo
Pepper ne propagated a hanyoyi da yawa:
Sauya ta hanyar cuttings
A saboda wannan dalili, an yanka cututtuka tare da tumatir 2-3 kuma an sanya su a kan wani substrate daga wani ɓangare na ƙasa mai laushi da sassa biyu na yashi.
Rufe tare da fim, ƙirƙirar sakamako na greenhouse.
Yanayin zafin jiki don girkewa bazai kasance a kasa da digiri 24 ba.
Bayan makonni 3, asalinsu sunyi girma, to, an cire cuttings a cikin tukwane na akalla 9 cm a diamita.
Sake haifar da layering
Rashin harbe gugawa zuwa ƙasa mai yashi (za'a iya kulla shi da katako na katako).
Tare da yawan watering da mai kyau lighting, guga man harbe sauri ba Yunƙurin zuwa asalinsu. An rabu da harbe mai tushe kuma ya nutse a cikin tukunya.
Raba daji
Ana amfani da wannan hanyar don yin shuka wani tsire-tsire mai girma.
Matsaloli tare da girma barkono:
- Nuna da kuma shimfiɗar ƙafa - rashin abinci da haske;
- Brown leaf tips - kasa watering da low zafi;
- Rawaya da wilting na ganye - ƙananan ƙasa danshi (musamman a cikin hunturu) ko kasa saman dressing a lokacin rani;
- Burnout, fading daga ganye - buga na hasken rana mai haske.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ba matsala ba ne ko cutar da ƙananan fararen fararen suna bayyana a baya na ganye.
Yin amfani da farin barkono: amfanin da cutar
Farin fata mai launin fata ya samu mafi girma a matsayin abin ƙanshi.
Ya bambanta da 'yan'uwan baƙar fata da ƙananan kaifi da ƙanshi da ƙanshi masu ƙwarewa, yana da kyau a cikin kifi da kayan lambu, da kuma a cikin naman alade tare da nama.
Gwaninta dafa shi ƙara shi zuwa kusan shirye tasa sabõda haka, ya retains da dadi dandano.
Amfani masu amfani
A cikin gida na farin barkono da kaddarorinsa masu amfani sun san dadewa, ƙauyuka suna amfani dashi a matsayin magani.
A cikin zamani na likitancin zamani, foda ya zama tushen dashi mai mahimmanci. Yana da antimicrobial da anti-inflammatory effects.
Gurasa da zuma, yana da sakamako mai tsauri, rage adadin ƙwaƙwalwa kuma ya wanke bronchi da huhu.
Yin amfani da farin barkono yana taimakawa wajen:
- hanzarta da metabolism da kona calories;
- ƙara yawan ci;
- soothes, rage damuwa da danniya;
- ƙara yawan rigakafi da aikin;
- jinin jini da kuma narkewa a ciki;
- yantar da jikin toxins;
- kaucewa da ciwo;
- Furotin mai launin ruwan ya ƙunshi bitamin da microelements.
Contraindications zuwa amfani
Ba'a da shawarar yin amfani da farin barkono don haka shan wuya daga cututtuka masu zuwa:
- gastritis da ulcers;
- kumburi da kodan da mafitsara;
- anemia;
- rashin lafiyar.
Girman farin barkono a gida zai amfana da jin dadi.
