Coleria shahararren furen ciki ne, wanda abin kulawa ba shi da wahala, amma a lokaci guda shuka shine daya daga cikin mafi kyawun sauran halittu masu ado.
Karanta ƙarin ka'idojin namo na wannan shuka, wato: wace irin ƙasa ake bukata, zafin jiki, musamman ban ruwa, fiye da takin Yadda za'a kula da lokacin lokacin hunturu. Yadda za a yada flower, kazalika ka koyi game da cututtuka da kwari da ke buƙatar tsoron.
Fasali na girma
Ground
Coleria ya fi son mai laushi, mai haske da kullum. Zaka iya sayan wani madogara ga Gesneriaceae a cikin kantin kayan musamman, musamman ga Saintpaulia, ko zaka iya shirya shi da kanka. Don yin wannan, dole ne a haɗuwa a daidai rabbai da wadannan abubuwa: humus, m yashi, turf da ganye ƙasa.
Haske da wuri
Koleria shine shuka da ke son haske, amma a lokaci guda yana da muhimmanci don guje wa hasken rana kai tsaye akan furanni da ganye, saboda suna da tausayi sosai kuma zasu iya fadi, saboda haka don samar da haske mai kyau, kana buƙatar sanya shuka inda aka watse haske. Don yin wannan, ya dace daidai da windows ko gabas a gidan. Kuma ajiye shi a kan windowsill windows, za ka iya kawai cimma ci gaban, amma ba flowering. Idan akwai rashin isasshen haske, inji ba zai yi fure ba., ganye zai zama elongated da kodadde.
Idan mazaunin ya girma a cikin kudancin kudancin, inda rana ta bazara ya fi tsanani, to sai ku kula da wurin. Yana da mahimmanci mahimmanci kada a sanya tashar radiators, saboda akwai ƙananan zafi.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan shuka bai shiga wata hutawa ba (wannan ya faru a cikin hunturu), i.e. bai yi watsi da ita ba, sa'an nan kuma, mafi mahimmanci, ba ya son walƙiya, kuma yana da daraja kula da wannan.
Zazzabi
Mafi yawan zafin jiki don bunkasa kewayon yana da matsakaici - 20-25 digiri, kuma yana jure yanayin yanayin zafi (har zuwa digiri 30).
Amma wasu lokuta a irin wadannan matsalolin yanayin zafi zasu iya fitowa ta hanyar ƙara yawan ƙananan ƙasa, wanda sakamakonsa yana da yawan watering, wadda shuka bata so sosai. Kuma a cikin hunturu, dole ne a rage yawan zazzabi zuwa digiri 15-17, amma ba ƙasa ba, har yanzu yana da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire.
Yana da mahimmanci don yalwata cikin dakin da kyau: wannan da shuka ba ya jure wa zane-zane, kuma, saboda furanni da ganye suna da kyau.
Babu wani hali da za ku iya barin koleiya a yanayin zafi a cikin dakin da aka rufe. Kula dole ne a dauka cewa akwai ƙananan rafi na iska mai tsabta da hasken haske.
Watering
Coleria yana buƙatar matsakaicin watering a spring da lokacin rani. Dole ne kuyi haka tare da ruwan dumi wanda aka shirya tsawon kwanaki a lokaci ɗaya, da zarar saman saman ƙasa ya bushe, tare da raguwa mai zurfi, saboda ƙin ruwa a kan ganye da furanni na shuka yana rinjayar su.
Watering yana faruwa game da 1 lokaci cikin kwanaki 7saboda Coterium yana da saukin kamuwa da danshi a cikin ƙasa, wanda zai iya haifar da cututtuka daban-daban. A lokacin kaka, adadin ruwa a lokacin watering yakan rage dan kadan, kuma, a ƙarshe, lokacin da tsire-tsire ya fara lokacin hutawa, yana da muhimmanci ga ruwa da kasa da žasa.
Humidity
Humidity, wannan yana daya daga cikin waɗannan abubuwan, wanda idan ka yi girma kolerii bukatar ka biya musamman hankali. Idan dakin inda aka samo shuka, yanayin zafin jiki ya tashi, yana da muhimmanci don ƙara yawan zafi. Saboda haka a 20-25 digiri, zafi ya kamata a kalla 30%, wannan shi ne mafi girman darajar da za a tabbatar da kyau girma.
Top dressing
Dole ne a fara yin gyare-gyare na farko daga watan Afrilu zuwa Oktoba, yana da mahimmanci a yi a cikin bazara, lokacin da shuka ya fara girma sosai. Abincin da kuma ma'adinai na ma'adinai don shuke-shuke na Gesneria iyali sun dace da kewayon. Ana bada shawarar zuwa takin shuka sau ɗaya a mako.
A lokacin da shuka ke cikin hutawa, babu wani hali da za a dauka.
Wintering
A cikin hunturu, akwai lokacin hutawa don Kolerii, lokacin da shuka ke samun sabon ƙarfin. A cikin kolerii ɓangaren sama da ƙasa ya bushe, bayan haka dole ne a cire kayan yaro. A wannan lokacin, furen dole ne a cikin rijiyar kuma ya dace da wuri a zafin jiki na 15-17 digiri.
Amma kuma ya faru cewa kusan hunturu ba ya bayyana kanta: sabon harbe zai iya bayyana kafin tsofaffi sun mutu ko basuyi ba. Idan tsohon harbe ba su bushe ba, to, kada ku taɓa su, kawai tsaftace tsayi da yawa.
A wannan lokaci, zaka iya kula da isasshen haske: saita fitilar a kan bishiyar, amma ba kusa da 50 cm ba, kuma kana bukatar ka sha ruwan, amma ba ma sau da yawa. Ya isa ya saka idanu lokacin da saman ya bushe.
Tsarin hako
Lokacin da Corelia ya fara girma a Yuli ya ƙare a watan Nuwamba. Kuma, don yin furannin shuka, wanda bazaiyi ba, dole ne a ƙirƙiri wadannan yanayi:
- Sanya furen a wuri mai kyau.
- Guji overdrying na kasar gona, i.e. dace da dacewa da kyau.
- Gilashin bai kamata ya yi yawa ba kuma bai yi yawa ba.
- Yin kawar da manyan harbe.
- Samar da ƙasa na gina jiki.
A bayanin kula. Ba buƙatar ku jira jiragen sama ba; a farkon shekara. Kwayoyin suna samuwa ne kawai a kan tsirrai 2 da shekaru 3.
Ƙwarewa da kafa kambi
Yawancin kambi ya zama dole don bayyanar ado na shuka. Don cimma wannan, kana buƙatar rabu da mu ma girma harbe da kuma flower stalks, wanda sun rasa kuma suna fara zuwa bushe fita.
Wannan pruning damar sabon buds su bayyana mafi sau da yawa kuma a cikin manyan yawa. Idan ba ku samar da kambi ba, an shuka shi a cikin ampel, saboda Yaron ya fara fada.
Tashi
Koleria wata shuka ce da ake buƙata a shuka a kowace shekara, saboda a duk yanayin da shuka zai kasance mai dadi kamar yadda zai yiwu, zai yi girma sosai da sauri. Repotting wani flower ne mafi alhẽri tukunya na zurfin zurfin kamar yadda na baya, amma kaɗan fadi.
Earthen substrate - dole sake shirya. Ya zama wajibi ne kawai don aiwatar da wani tsire-tsire na kuryeria lokacin da tushensu ya shiga tare da clod earthen, kuma idan wannan ya faru, babu matsala a wannan hanya: zai zama isa don sauya wannan sutura a cikin sabon tukunyar da aka riga an shirya shi.
Don tsire-tsire mai girma, an shirya maɓallin kamar haka:
2 sassa na ƙãre ƙasar;- Takardar sashi 1;
- 0.5 sassa na yashi.
2 sassa na ƙãre ƙasar;Kuna iya son wannan:
- 1 sashi na yashi da ƙasa humus;
- 3 sassa na sod sodiya;
- 2 sassa takardar.
Har ila yau, muyi la'akari da cewa wannan shuka ba ta son daɗaɗɗen danshi a cikin ƙasa, saboda haka za'a iya kara karar da aka gyara. A ƙasa kana buƙatar yin magudanar ruwa da ramukan don ruwan ruwa.
Yana da muhimmanci! A cikin shirya matashi don ƙananan koles, turf ƙasa ba a kara da cewa.
Kiwo
Cuttings
Tare da irin wannan haifuwa, kana buƙatar yanke gefen ɓangaren titin kuma saka shi a cikin yashi ko a cikin yashi yashi da katako (a cikin rabo 1: 1). Ƙasa, kafin rufe tare da gilashi, ta hanyar yin amfani da tsaka-tsalle. Nan gaba kana buƙatar tabbatar da cewa yawan cututtuka na cuttings ba fara farawa a ƙarƙashin gilashi ba.
Za a iya aiwatar da tushen samfurori idan an bi da shi tare da ƙwarewa na musamman. kuma zafin zafi kasan tanki tare da cuttings. Duk waɗannan matakai suna faruwa a cikin makonni biyu, bayan haka za'a iya dasa shi a cikin tukunyar da aka ware a matsayin tsaminin mai zaman kanta.
Daga bidiyo za ku koyi yadda za a yada Coleria ta cuttings:
Tsaba
Dogaro da tsaba dole ne a yi daga tsakiyar hunturu har zuwa ƙarshe.
- Ana shuka tsaba a cikin faranti kuma ba a binne su a ƙasa, sa'an nan kuma a zuba su da ruwa da kuma rufe su da gilashi.
- Dole ne a kiyaye bakunan da suke cikin dakin da zazzabi na 20-24 digiri kuma a kwashe kullum har sai harbe ya bayyana.
- Daga baya, ana sanya seedlings a cikin jirgin ruwa daya da nesa da juna (2: 1), kuma idan sun ci gaba da zama mafi girma, suna buƙatar a dasa su a cikin tukwane masu rarraba (7 cm a diamita).
Shirye-shiryen madara don sauyawa a cikin tukwane guda biyu: 2 sassa na ƙasa mai lalata, 0.5 sod, 1 ɓangare na yashi da kuma peat ƙasar.
Rhizomes na rukuni
- Dole ne a raba rhizome zuwa sassa uku tare da wuka mai kaifi, kuma kowane yanki rarrabe dole ne a dasa a cikin tukunyar mutum, inda aka riga an shirya ƙasa.
- An binne rhizome ta 2-3 cm a cikin ƙasa, sannan a shayar da shi sosai tare da ruwa mai zurfi a dakin da zafin jiki.
Wannan hanya na kiwo furanni yana daya daga cikin mafi sauki.
Kwaro da cututtuka
Koleriya - tsire-tsire mai kyau, yana buƙatar yanayin da za a iya samu sauƙin, idan kuna da hankali. Amma a lokaci guda yana da tsire-tsire mai kyau, kuma idan ba'a dace da shi ba, bayyanar zata iya zama marar kyau.
- Idan mallaka ba ta da tsayi na dogon lokaci, to, kana buƙatar kula da haske da ciyarwa.
- Idan mai tushe da ganye sun zama sluggish, kana bukatar ka yanke girma harbe kuma canza matsin.
- Idan ganye suna rawaya, iska tana da zafi kuma akwai ragi na takin mai magani a cikin ƙasa.
- Idan ganye da buds fara fada, kuna buƙatar ciyar da matsin.
- Rawaya ya fita a kan spots suna ƙone, wanda ke nufin cewa dole ne a kauce wa hasken rana kai tsaye.
- Yaren fari a kan ganye yana bayyana ne kawai idan dudduwar ta samo su, don haka a cikin wani akwati ba za a yada shi ba.
- Idan ganye ya fita, to kana buƙatar ƙara yawan zafi da tsinkayar zazzabi.
- Idan akwai alamar lalacewa da haɓakawa, kana buƙatar ƙara yawan haske. Wannan yana faruwa a lokacin da aka sanya fure a kan shingen arewa a cikin gidan.
- Dark spots a kan ganye bayyana a sakamakon watering da sanyi, ba zaunar ruwa.
Bayani da hotuna na iri daban-daban
Babu bambancin bambanci a kulawa da wannan ko irin nau'ikan iri-iri, saboda ba ƙauye mai mahimmanci ba ne. Kuma mafi mashahuri iri na lambu ne wadannan iri.
Fluffy Flower
Kyakkyawan siffar da aka saba da ita, wanda yake da launi na kayan lambu da ke cikin tsakiyar, da kuma kasa - fringe. Lokacin da girma Fluffy flower iri-iri iya kai 5 cm.
Bambanci daga wasu nau'o'in an riga an gane shi daga bayyanar da toho: yana da haske mai launin ja ko orange, kuma, idan ya bude, yana nuna ƙananan ƙafafunsa.
Nice
Wannan nau'i-nau'i na iya kai 60 cm a tsawo, yana da dogon lokaci, furen furen ganye mai duhu-kore inuwa tare da tsararru.
Furen suna ƙananan, amma suna da kyau tabarau na ruwan hoda. A kan ƙwayoyin akwai alamar speck.
Bogotskaya
Matsakaicin iyakar wannan iri-iri shine dan kadan fiye da mita 0.5. Ganyayyaki suna da manyan, mai launin fata da duhu a launi; A waje, furanni suna ja ko orange, kuma ciki yana da kusan rawaya. Hanyoyin launin fata a kan iyakoki suna da alamun wannan aji.
Trubkotsvetkovaya
A tsawo, wannan shuka zai iya isa kawai 40 cm, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a sanya shi zuwa matsakaici-sized samfurori. Flowers suna da bambanci da cewa sun fi elongated kuma ba su bayyana fili ba. Bright red furanni suna daidai hada tare da kore velvety ganye.
Zaka iya samun ƙarin bayani game da iri-iri na Coleria a wani labarin.
Kammalawa
Koleriya wani kyakkyawan ado ne na gidanka, banda shi injin ya tsaftace iska daga wasu cututtuka da ƙura, cikakken cutar ga yara, mutane da allergies da dabbobi. Idan ana ba da kewayon tare da kulawa da kyau, ciki har da bin bin ka'idoji, zai kasance da farin ciki da kyawawan halaye.
