Fuchsia wani ɗan wata ƙasa ne mai suna Perennial shrub native to South America. Gidan gida yana riƙe da buƙatar matsanancin zafi da kuma yawan zazzabi. M flowering ci gaba daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba.
Girman fuchsia a gida yana buƙatar bin ka'idar fasahar aikin gona. Yadda ake shuka fuchsia, matsalolin da za a iya magancewa - karanta a.
Yadda za a shuka a gida?
Wata shuka da aka saya ko wani ɓangare na fuchsia flower zai dauki tushe kuma zai fara girma, bisa ka'idojin dasa da kulawa. Lafiya na shuka ya dogara da ƙasa da yanayi da aka zaɓa.
Yadda za a zabi tukunya?
Kowace shekara, lokacin da ake dasawa, girman girman tukunyar yana ƙaruwa da 2-3 cm. Sakamakon ƙasa na sours, haifar da tushen rot.
Abin da aka shawarta - kayan shafawa, haske launi. Irin wannan tukunyar ba za ta wuce cikin rana ba. A cikin duhu filastik, tushen asalin ya mutu a ƙarƙashin rinjayar babban zafin jiki. A kasan tanki ya zama ramukan ramuka.
Ƙasa cewa
Fuchsia yana buƙatar matakan friable na gina jiki tare da tsaka-tsakin acidity. Gwargwadon shawarar da aka yi a shirye-shiryen duniya don tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire Don inganta tsarin, ƙosar gashi yana kara ƙasa - perlite, vermiculite, kwakwa-kwakwa.
Idan ana so, ana shirya ƙasa sosai:
- peat, leaf humus, takin, yashi a cikin wani rabo na 1: 1: 1: 2;
- ƙasa mai laushi: peat: yashi (3: 1: 1).
A kasan cikin tukunya ya zubar da kwalliya mai laushi na yumbuɗa ko ƙananan pebbles. Zai hana damuwa da ruwa da lalata ƙasa.
Menene za a yi, cewa scion ya ba da asalinsu?
Fuchsia shoot dasa a cikin ƙasa ko ruwa. Domin yaron ya yi girma, an buƙata:
- barga dumi zazzabi (20-22 °);
- kyakkyawan hasken yanayi;
- matsanancin zafi (80-90%).
Matsayin zafi da ake buƙata zai tabbatar da cewa an rufe gilashi ko jakar. An lalacewar dabbar yau da kullum, an cire condensate daga bango na gilashi. Ana shuka shi da ruwa a dakin da zafin jiki. Sakamakon sabon ganye bayan makonni 2-3 yayi magana akan cin nasara.
Shawarwarin. Ƙananan ganye kada su taɓa ƙasa, don haka kada su fara juyawa. Bukatar da ake bukata na shuka shine rage lalacewar sauran ganye da rabi.
Yanayi da haske
An sanya tukunyar fuchsia a gabas ko yamma windows. A gefen arewacin ya haifar da rashin ƙarfi. Kayan shuka yana buƙatar watsa haske da iska. Mafi kyaun furanni shine baranda. A lokacin flowering, fuchsia baza a taɓa shi ba kuma a sake mayar da shi;
Yanayin yanayin zafi
Fuchsia yana jurewa sanyi, kuma zafi yana haifar dashi da kuma ragewa daga cikin ganyayyaki. Sakamakon zazzabi a lokacin girma shine 16-20 °, a cikin hunturu 10-11 °. A lokacin rani, an cire fure daga hasken rana kai tsaye, haddasa ƙurar ganye da overheating daga asalinsu.
Watering
Furewar ruwan itace shine mafi muhimmanci na fasahar aikin noma. Rashin ruwa yana haifar da bushewa, da ambaliya don juyawa tushen. Ana gudanar da ruwa ta ruwa mai tsafta. Girma da yawan damshin ruwan ya dogara da zazzabi a cikin dakin, ƙarar tukunya, mataki na cigaba.
Matsakaici 100 ml da tukunya 0.5 lita, kowane 3-4 days. Tabbatar da buƙatar watering zai ba da izinin ƙwayar ƙwayar. Sandan itace tsaya a gefen tukunya, idan yana da rigar da datti, to, ba lokaci ba ne. Idan igiyar lumps na duniya, lokaci ya yi don shayarwa.
Ana maye gurbin watering watering ta hanyar spraying. Duk da yake babu furanni, an sanya shuka a lokaci-lokaci a cikin ruwan sha. A cikin kaka, yawan ruwan ya rage. A cikin hunturu, 1-2 watering kowace wata isa.
Da takin mai magani
Fuchsia yana nufin shuke-shuke da ke buƙatar ciyarwa akai-akai. Yarinya yaro yana buƙatar taki tare da babban abun ciki na nitrogen. Ciwon daji yana buƙatar cikakken abinci mai gina jiki da phosphorus, alli da sauran abubuwa. Yin amfani da takin mai magani mai sauƙi sau ɗaya a mako zai biya bukatun fuchsia. Ƙari na tushen tushen da aka shirya tare da shirye-shiryen "Bud" suna tasiri a lokacin flowering. Ma'adanai madadin tare da kwayoyin.
Kyakkyawan sakamako shine amfani da tsire-tsire mai tsayi Osmocote (Osmokot). Ana binne miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin ƙasa sama da layin malalewa. Abin da ke cikin ma'adinai sun kasance cikin capsules, sannu-sannu a hankali a lokacin watering. A cikin bazara, don tada girma daga harbe, ana yaduwa da magnesium sulfate (1 tsp. 1 lita na ruwa).
Ana iya amfani da takin mai magani yau da kullum tare da ban ruwa, rage shawarar da aka ba da shawarar ta sau 6.
An haramta cin abinci:
- shuke-shuke da aka lalace;
- seedlings kasa da 3 weeks old;
- furanni a busassun ƙasa.
Hotuna
Next za ku iya ganin hoto na fure fuchsia:
Yadda za a shuka - cuttings ko tsaba?
Fuchsia yana bunkasa vegetatively da tsaba. A cikin akwati na farko, an yi amfani da cututtuka, a yanka daga tsire-tsire mai kyau. Lokacin mafi kyau shine bazara. Don rooting zabi kore harbe da 2-3 nau'i-nau'i na ganye. Tsawancin stalk shine 10-15 cm. An yanke wannan tsari tare da ruwa mai kaifi.
Dokokin don yadawa ta hanyar cuttings:
- Cuttings sun nutse a cikin gilashin ruwan sha, an sanya shi a wuri mai haske.
- Kada a taɓa ruwan.
- Bayan kwanaki 7-10, tushen ya bayyana.
- A cuttings suna transplanted cikin wani sako-sako da substrate ga fuchsia.
- An yi makon farko a ƙarƙashin gilashin gilashi, yin iska a kowace rana.
Tsarin iri:
- A karkashin seedlings shirya haske na gina jiki ƙasa: Turf ƙasa, peat, yashi.
- Ana shuka tsaba a kan ƙasa m, dan kadan guga man. Lokaci lokaci ne Maris.
- Germination yana faruwa a cikin haske, da tsaba kada su shiga zurfin ƙasa a lokacin da watering.
- Akwatin da aka rufe tare da gilashi ko fim.
- Ana nuna harbe bayan kwanaki 30. Ana cire cave.
- Bayan watanni 2, ana shuka itatuwan a cikin tukwane.
Eavesdropping yana da amfani da dama a kan yaduwar iri:
- Tsarin fuchsia na gine-ginen dukiyar gonar, amma babu tsaba.
- Furen da aka harbe a cikin shekara guda.
- Sake gyara cuttings kasa da lokacin cinyewa.
A kan yadda ake yada fuchsia da takarda, koya a nan.
Dokokin girma
An rarraba tsarin rayuwa na fuchsia zuwa lokaci na aiki (spring-autumn) da sauran lokacin (hunturu). A lokacin girma girma, flower yana buƙatar watering, haske, fertilizing. Jiyya sun haɗa da ƙaddarawa da ƙwanƙwasawa. An fara yin amfani da shi a kan 2-3 cuttings interstitial. An sake maimaita hanya yayin da yake girma. Trimming ne yake aikata sau biyu. Kafin ana cirewa rassan rassan rassan. A farkon lokacin bazara, an cire busassun bushe, lafiya fiye da 1/3. Bayan pruning, an dasa fure a cikin ƙasa mai kyau.
Yana da muhimmanci! Lokaci na lokacin ya zo a cikin hunturu. An shuka shuka zuwa dakin da zafin jiki na 10-12 °.
Watering rare, subcortex ya ƙare a watan Oktoba. A cikin idon ruwa, ƙananan bishiyoyi sun koma cikin windowsill, mai shayar da ruwa mai dumi. Sauran raguwa bayan pruning kafe a ruwa ko ƙasa.
Kara karantawa game da ka'idojin fuchsia a nan, kuma a nan mun yi magana game da nuances na girma fuchsia.
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa
Za'a iya raba lalacewar lalacewa zuwa ƙungiyoyi biyu. Wasu suna haifar da rashin kula, kuma na biyu ta hanyar kamuwa da cuta da fungi ko kwayoyin cuta.
Matsalar abun ciki
- Ƙunƙarar launi, rawaya rawaya - rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Yana buƙatar hadadden ma'adinai mai mahimmanci.
- Fall of ganye da kuma buds - cin zarafi na tsarin rani, kasar gona ta cika ko ta shafe. Haka matsalar take faruwa idan akwai rashin haske.
- Short flowering - Akwai dalilai da dama: rashin abinci ko danshi, high zazzabi.
Kwayoyin cututtuka da kwari
Mafi yawancin fata na fuchsia shine tsatsa. Alamar farko na kamuwa da cuta shine launin ruwan kasa a bayan bayanan. Rust ya yadu da sauri, ganin cututtuka na cutar, ya cire furen. An yanke ganye da aka lalata. An shuka shuka da kasar gona tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Topaz".
Wurare dakin fuchsia whitefly da gizo-gizo mite. Sakamakon aikin da suke da muhimmanci shi ne ya bushe da kuma fadi. An yi amfani da "Aktara" ko "Condifor" kwari a kan whitefly. Tare da cikewar gunki yana nufin "Akarin", "Fitoverm". Zai dauki 3 jiyya.
Kurakurai a dasa shuki da girma yana shafi tsawon lokacin flowering da girman buds. Gilashin haske yana buƙatar hasken warwatse, yalwa da iska mai tsabta da danshi. Don lokacin rani, kana buƙatar wurin da zazzabi ba zai wuce 20 ° ba. A cikin zafi na fuchsia sheds furanni da ganye.
