Ciyayyun tsire-tsire suna girma kamar yadda kayan ado ko abinci a cikin gidaje da gidajen abinciAna ci gaba da kaiwa ta hanyar kwari.
Waɗannan su ne dabbobi da yawa, tsuntsaye, kwari da kuma ... parasites.
Nematodes - babban rukuni na parasites, haddasa mummunan lalacewa ga shuke-shuke da girma, da maganin su ganye, mai tushe har ma da asalinsu.
A cikin wannan labarin za mu dubi wasu nau'ikan nematodes iya cutar da tsire-tsire a cikin lambun ku ko lambun.
Abin da kwayoyi suke kama da su wane irin barazanar da suka dauka ga tsire-tsire da mutum, kuma mafi mahimmanci - yadda za a gane wannan ko irin nau'in kwaro? Bari mu yi kokarin magance nau'in halayyar kowanne nematode, don haka yakin da su zai kasance mafi nasara.
Golden Potato Nematode
Irin wannan yanayin ne kawai akan tsire-tsire daga iyalan iyali, iya rinjayar tushen tumatir da dankali. Dankali nematode - menene shi?
Golden Potato Nematode - Photo:
Sizes na Golden Nematode kan dankali abu mai ban mamaki kuma marar bambanci ga ido na mutum. Idan aka kyan gani ta hanyar microscope, zaka iya gano cewa kututture har zuwa 2 mm a tsawon, yana da siffar zane da launin zinariya ko launin ruwan kasa.
Rashin kamuwa da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire yana faruwa ne bayan da an haɗa shi da kwayar cutar, wanda ke tattare da shi cikin tushen kwayoyin halitta. asiri na musammanrarraba dukan abinda ke ciki na kwayoyin halitta. Sa'an nan kuma, kwayoyin, ta haka ne tausayi, ana amfani da nematode.
Alamun dajin nematode: manyan alamun kamuwa da cuta shine, sama da duka, kasa ganye - sun juya rawaya da bushe. Kusan nan da nan, yawancin stalks a kusa da bishiyoyi akan dankali an lura da hankali - wasu daga cikinsu sun bushe, sauran kar a yi girma zuwa girman al'adamutuwa a farkon matakan. Ba a kafa furanni da furanni, ko an kafa su da yawa. Duk wannan shi ne saboda cin zarafin ruwa da ma'adanai ta hanyar Tushen ya shafa.
Za su iya da gangan ɗaukar tare da ragowar tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, kazalika da lumps na ƙasa, kayan aiki, ruwan sama da iska. Golden nematode dankalin turawa - akwai hatsari ga mutane?
Don kawar da nematode wuya isa, lokacin da girma a cikin ƙasa gurbatacce, zai iya haifar da mummunan lalacewar amfanin gona, alal misali, don haifar da irin wannan cututtuka na dankali a matsayin globoderosis (ƙananan tsire-tsire, shuke-shuke maras kyau, tsarin tsarin gurbata da growths). Duk da haka, ga wani mutum ta cikakken abin bala'i.
Za ku koyi game da haɗari ga girbi na dabbobin dankalin turawa na dankalin turawa daga bidiyo:
Kara
Akwai nau'o'in iri iri iri na kwayoyin nematode, kowane nau'i na iya daidaitawa kawai a kan irin nau'in shuka. Irin waɗannan nau'ikan suna da hatsari ga albasa, tafarnuwa da dankali, da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire irin su tulips, phloxes, carnations, begonias da wasu tsire-tsire.
Girman girman kwayoyin nematodes basu wuce 1.7 mm ba, siffar jiki shine filiform. Stem nematode - photo:
Mafi sau da yawa, kamuwa da cuta na faruwa. ta hanyar tushen lalacewa shuke-shuke, ba sau da yawa ta hanyar fata. Da zarar cikin ciki, nematodes fara ninka hanzari, kwanciya qwai.
Yawancin masu aminci alamar kamuwa da cuta a albasa ko tafarnuwa, shine yanayin murfin. Idan kwararan fitila ba zato ba tsammani ya samo wani launi mai haske a kan Sikeli, wanda hakan ya zama mai karba, sannan ya zama alamar, to wannan shine shafin yin amfani da sinadarai.
Idan muka yi la'akari da mai tushe, za mu iya lura halayen haɓaka da kuma swellings, ganye da furanni suna karkace. A lokuta mafi tsanani na kamuwa da cuta, injin ya bushe ya mutu.
Yi la'akari da cewa dalili yana cikin kwayar nematode, zaka iya kuma akan launi na yankunan da aka shafa: sun zama kodadde a launi, wanda daga bisani ya zama launin ruwan kasa. Wannan yana nuna hallaka da kuma mutuwa daga cikin kwayoyin kama.
Nematode ya ce cysts ba su da tushe fiye da tsire-tsire - sun kasance a cikin ƙasa har zuwa shekaru 5 kuma suna kula da yanayin yanayin zafi, saboda haka don hana yaduwa, shuke-shuke da aka kamu sun fi kyau don ƙonawa, ko da yake akwai wasu hanyoyi mafi kyau.
Nama nematode sa ditilenhoz, wanda aka bayyana a cikin lalatawar ganye, da kuma lalacewa ga tubers, wanda aka sanya siffofin launin toka masu halayya. Duk da sakamakon mummunan wannan yanayin akan shuke-shuke, lokuta ƙwayar mutum ba a kafa shi ba. Duk da haka, sunadarai da aka yi amfani da su wajen yaki da wannan kwaro sun fi hatsari.
Leafy
Yana da mafi ƙanƙanci wakilai a cikin dukkanin tsirrai nematodes. Takardar nematode ba shi da launi, kuma jiki bai wuce 1 mm ba.
Takarda nematode - hoto:
Wadannan kwayoyin suna da ikon da sauri sosai a cikin shuka kuma zai iya jurewa cututtuka na bidiyo, irin su kwayar cutar kurshavosti da kwayar cutar ta danna tumatir.
Nematodes sunyi kwaskwarima a kan ganyen shuke-shuke da yawa, amma ganyayyaki, strawberries da tumatir sune na kowa.
Kwayar cuta yana nunawa a kan ganyayyaki a cikin tsari Ƙunƙarar busassun siffar marasa bi da biya zama abin kunya. Wani lokaci wadannan aibobi suna da launin rawaya ko launin ruwan kasa. Kashi na gaba shi ne thinning da wilting na ganye.
Sabanin sauran nau'o'in nematodes, leaf zabi gashi bushe a matsayin tsari, ƙasa da ƙasa sau da yawa. Zai iya yada gaba ɗaya saboda saduwa da rashin lafiya tare da kamuwa da cutar, domin har zuwa kimanin mintuna 15 na microscopic zai iya rayuwa da kuma ci gaba a kai. Ana kuma samo cysts Nematode a cikin ƙasa a cikin hunturu, sabili da haka da muhimmanci a yi aiki a ƙasar kafin saukowa.
Lemat nematode sosai hadari ga greenhouse da tsire-tsire. Yana da ikon daidaitawa ba kawai a cikin ganyayyaki ba, har ma yana rinjayar mai tushe da furanni, wanda zai haifar da mutuwar kwayar tsire-tsire. Abin takaici, don warkar da irin wannan shuka ba tare da cutar da kansa ba kusan ba zai yiwu ba.
Mene ne cutar ga mutane? A cikin jikin mutum ƙwayoyin nematodes ba su tsira, duk da haka yin amfani da inadvertent a manyan yawa zasu iya kaiwa guba mai sauƙi saboda samfurori masu haɗari masu guba da suka ɓoye su cikin kwayar shuka.
Gallic tushen
Parasitic a kan tsire-tsire kayan lambu. Abin sha'awa, matan da ke cikin wadannan matakan suna jagorancin salon rayuwa, yayin da maza sun fi girma kuma suna da aiki don motsawa.
Tushen nematode ne m. Tsawon jikin wadannan cututtuka ba zai wuce 2 mm ba, a farkon matakan ci gaba suna da launi mai duhu, wanda shekarun ya kai kodadde. ya zama m. Abin da ya sa aka yi la'akari da yakin da ake yi da mummunan kwayar nematode daya daga cikin mafi wuya: musamman, ba tare da taimakon na'urar microscope ba, Nematodes suna da wuyar ganewa daga wasu kwayoyin halitta.
Gallic tushen nematode - photo:
Babban haɗari shine m azzakari cikin farji: kwayar nematode ba ta buƙatar raunuka a bude a kan shuka, sai ta dullube da wani allura mai mahimmanci wanda yake a cikin bude baki, kwayoyin, bayan haka ya shiga cikin kyallen takarda kuma ya shiga cikin su. Shuka fallasa ruɓaɓɓen gubobi m.
Harbe na shuke-shuke suna fuskantar rashin ruwa, sabili da haka fara lag a girma da kuma mutu.
Lokacin dubawa tushen tsarin, ba lallai ba ne a gaban kullun don lalata shuka. Wani lokaci galls zai iya bayyana daga nauyin kwayoyin halittu marasa kyau, alal misali, kwayoyin nodule. Zai fi kyauta don bayar da ɓangare na tushen binciken.
Gallic nematode ya fara yadawa tare da ƙasa, ƙasa da yashiHaka kuma mawuyacin kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar sadarwa ta tushen tsarin lokacin dasawa.
Yawancin tsire-tsire sun mutu daga aikin wannan m, amma kabeji, tafarnuwa da hatsi resistant zuwa nematode. Gwargwadon nauyin nematode yana iya haifar da melodogenesis, tare da yellowing da wilting daga cikin ganye, ta hanyar raguwar girma na shuka.
Akwai wasu hanyoyin lafiya na gwagwarmaya tare da nematode, haka ma, saboda ƙwarewar raguwa na rashin daidaituwa, ƙananan nematode ba ya shiga mafi girma fiye da tushen, sabili da haka yiwuwar shiga cikin jikin mutum shine kadan.
Yadda za a gane tushen nematode, za ku koya ta kallon wannan bidiyo:
Kamar yadda kake gani, har ma da mafi yawan ƙwayar cuta na iya cin zarafi karin lalacewa ga shukafiye da tsuntsayen sararin daji da kuma rodents, da tsayar da shuka ba tare da fahimta ba, kuma a hankali ya kawo shi kusa da mutuwa. Ku yaki shi wuya sosaiDuk da haka, bisa ga alamun bayyanar da halaye na sama, zaka iya kokarin ƙaddamar da yaduwa zuwa wasu tsire-tsire masu lafiya.
