Tumatir seedlings mutu idan girma yanayi suna keta - raunana shuke-shuke zama kamuwa da cututtuka sauri.
Idan ka gano a lokacin cewa seedlings ba su da lafiya kuma da sauri dauki mataki, da seedlings za a iya ajiye. Abin da za a yi ga aikin lambu a kan girma seedlings ba a banza?
A cikin labarin da aka gabatar za mu tattauna game da cututtuka na cututtuka na shuke-shuke, da kuma yadda za mu kare seedlings daga cututtuka kuma mu tsara kula da su.
Me yasa tumatir suke rashin lafiya?
Cututtuka na seedlings sun yada tare da tumatir tsaba, ta cikin ƙasa da kwalaye dashi. Girman dasa shuki tare da wuce gona da iri na nitrogen a cikin ƙasa yana mai saukin kamuwa da cuta. Rashin rashin iska, sauyin canji a cikin zazzabi, zafi mai tsanani yana taimaka wa yaduwar cututtuka.
Yanayin ɓarna a tushen
A fungal cuta Fusarium tushen rot da tushen abin wuya rot take kaiwa zuwa wani m zubar da seedlings. A gefen tsakiyar tushen, gilashin maƙalaƙi da ƙananan ɓangare na tushe, ƙwayoyin launin ruwan kasa an kafa shi da ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda.
Pytioz da rizoktonioz - tushen da kuma tushen rot tumatir, wanda rinjayar da seedlings a kan rigar substrate. A lokacin da pytiose a kan tushe, za ku fara lura da launin toka na mycelium, sa'an nan kuma tushen nama da ƙananan wuyansa ya yi duhu. Tare da rhizoctonia, ƙananan launin ruwan kasa suna bayyana a kasa na tushe.. Maganar kamuwa da cuta shine peat a cikin substrate seedling.
Phytophthora rot na tumatir tushen sa seedlings zuwa lalata - da pathogen infects da ƙananan wuyansa, da kyallen takarda rot, da shuka ya mutu kuma ya mutu.
Kwayoyin da ke cutar da sinadarai suna iya mutu a cikin ƙasa. - A sakamakon haka, ra'ayi shine rashin ingancin harbe.
Don bayani. Don hana yaduwar cutar, kafin dasa shuki da tsaba a rana daya a cikin miyagun ƙwayoyi Psevdobakterin-2. A madara don seedlings ana rarraba tare da tururi a cikin ruwa mai wanka.
Gyara matsala: a farkon alamun cutar, masu amfani da fuka-fuka da aka narkar da ruwa sunyi amfani da su don yaduwa da tsirrai da ruwa da ƙasa, kuma seedlings suna samar da iska mai tsabta. A lokuta masu tsanani, an wanke ƙasa da ruwa mai tsabta ko canza zuwa sabon abu.
Bayan daukana
Don daukan zabi mai karfi, ƙwayoyin ci gaba da ba tare da alamun cutar ba.
Hakanan da ake jaddadawa bayan daukawa iya mutu saboda dalilai masu zuwa:
Ba a ciyar da tsire-tsire ba don kwanaki 1-2 kafin tsirrai kuma ba su sha ruwa ba a rana;- a lokacin da ake sassaukar tushen asalin.
Ba a ciyar da tsire-tsire ba don kwanaki 1-2 kafin tsirrai kuma ba su sha ruwa ba a rana;A lokacin da aka ɗauka, an binne shuka a cikin ƙasa domin cotyledons ya taba ƙasa - ta haka ne samar da yanayi mai kyau don kafa tushen asali, kuma ba za a shawo kan kwayar cutar ba.
Magani: idan tsire-tsire sun bushe bayan ɗauka, an ciyar da shi da takin mai magani a madadin 2 teaspoons da guga na ruwa, ko girma stimulants. Idan bayan dasar da tsire-tsire suna raguwa, an dasa shuka ne - ci gaba da nauyin nauyin kara kuma yayyafa da ƙasa.
Daga bakin kafar fata
A causative wakili na baki stalk seedlings iya ci gaba a yanayin zafi a kasa 18 ºC. Kwayar cuta ta kwayar cuta tana faruwa ne lokacin da mutunci ta jikin. Seedlings iya mutu a cikin wani ɗan gajeren lokaci.
A kan tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren ƙwayoyin necrosis an gano. Yankin da ya kamu da shi ya zama launin ruwan kasa, to, tsire-tsire na tasowa..
Mai wakilci mai shayarwa ya shafe sharan gona kuma ya yadu ta hanyar kwari.
Tsarin Kariya:
- high-grade tsaba ana shuka su ne, pre-bi da a cikin wani rauni bayani na potassium permanganate;
- seedlings suna girma a cikin ƙasa steamed;
- da ƙasa na ƙasa bayan shuka da tsaba yafa masa wani Layer na yashi 0.5-1 cm
Ba shi yiwuwa a yi tsire-tsire - yana da muhimmanci cewa kasar gona da tsire-tsire suna ci gaba.
Yadda za'a warware matsalar:
- Idan ana gano alamun farko na cutar, dole ne don rage yawan iska da kuma tabbatar da samun iska na amfanin gona, rage rani.
- Don busasshiyar ƙasa, zuba 2 cm na cakudan yashi-yashi a saman. A wannan yanayin, ƙarin asalinsu na iya zama a sama da ɓangaren ɓangaren tsami.
Don bayani. Tsuntsu a cikin lokaci na 5th leaf ba su kamu da kwayoyin na baki kafa.
Wasu dalilai
A lokacin da girma seedlings kullum saka idanu da yawan zafin jiki a cikin dakin da zumunta zafi na iska.
Haske da zafi
Saurin tsayi a cikin dare da rana yanayin zafi yana taimakawa wajen bunkasa kamuwa da cuta. A yanayin rashin haske, seedlings sun fi dacewa da cutar, yayin da suke dakatar da shayarwa.
Ƙafaren fata na tasowa a zafin jiki na 18 ºC da kuma overmoistening na ƙasa.
Humidity
Seedlings suna da lafiya idan zumunta zafi na iska a cikin roomling room ne a kasa 60 da kuma sama da 70%. Gyaran shuka da rashin samun iska yana taimakawa wajen bunkasa cututtuka. Re-moistening na stalks da ganye ba za a yarda..
Ana shayar da tsire-tsire ba fiye da sau 2 a mako ba, kamar yadda ƙasa ta kafe - m da kuma yawan watering take kaiwa ga cututtuka na putrid.
Rashin girma seedlings ba a bada shawara don fesa daga fure - a lokaci guda, rassan ƙasa da asalinsu ya bushe, kuma a cikin yanayin rigar Layer don ci gaban rot ya halicci. Ruwan ruwa a hade tare da ƙananan zafin jiki yana haifar da ci gaban cututtuka.
Matsalar ƙasa
Idan aka yi amfani da ruwan magani na ƙasa ba daidai ba - ma mai yawa, ruwa da iska, tare da babban acidity, sharadin gwargwadon sha'anin an halicce shi don ci gaban pathogens.
An adana Pathogens a cikin peat da tsire-tsire. Kafin dasa shuki, kasar gona da ka shirya ko saya a cikin kantin sayar da kayan aiki dole ne a raba shi da tururi.
A maimakon haka ba za a iya dasa tumatir ba:
- tare da ƙarancin dole musty odor;
- a tsaye ko sosai m;
- tare da yawancin sharan gona na tsire-tsire marasa amfani;
- tare da wuce yashi yashi;
- tare da burbushi na mold a kan marufi.
Yana da muhimmanci. Tumatir ba za a iya shuka a cikin ƙasa mai cinyewa ba wanda ya ƙare - zai iya kwantar da hankali, wanda shine hadarin gaske ga matasa.
Kurakurai a cikin yin yalwaran ƙasa wanda zai haifar da cututtuka na seedlings:
- Ba za ku iya ƙara sabo da kayan lambu ba, ganye da ba a raye ba tare da shayi - kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta sun fara lalata, yawan zafin jiki na ƙasa ya tashi.
- Idan yumbu ya shiga cikin cakuda, maɓallin sakonni - samun damar oxygen zuwa ga asalinsu an iyakance.
A high taro na na gina jiki a cikin seedlings iya jawo seedlings. An shirya ƙasa mai ban sha'awa sosai don seedlings, kuma an ba da abinci a lokacin bazara.
Seedlings suna mutuwa daga ragi da takin mai magani. A wannan yanayin, an wanke madara da tsirrai tare da adadin ruwa mai tsabta, wanda ya kamata ya gudana ta hanyar ramukan tsawa.
Abin da za a yi don ajiye seedlings?
Idan lokuta masu kamuwa da cuta ba su da wuya, an cire nau'in haruffan cututtukan tare da clod na duniya, kuma Fitosporin ko wani bayani na potassium permanganate an allura cikin ƙasa tare da sirinji ba tare da allura ba.
Ana shayar da tsire-tsire tare da ruwa na Bordeaux (1%) ko ruwa mai dumi tare da daya daga cikin shirye-shirye da aka rushe shi:
- 1.5-2 g na potassium permanganate da lita 10 na ruwa;
- 5 g na jan karfe sulphate da lita 10 na ruwa.
A farkon farkon ci gaban baki kafafu seedlings za a iya samun ceto - tsire-tsire a hankali, wanke tushen cikin wani bayani na potassium permanganate ko Fitosporin da kuma dasa su cikin sabuwar ƙasa. Dole a yi amfani da yawan zazzabi na iska zuwa al'ada - ba mafi girma fiye da 25 ºC, watering ya kamata a rage, kuma ya kamata a aike da seedlings akai-akai.
Nemo warware matsalar
Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, halakarwa, da kuma sauran tsire-tsire masu shayarwa tare da maganin tushe.
Yana da muhimmanci. Idan seedlings suna da rashin lafiya, hanya mafi kyau ita ce lalata dukkanin shuke-shuke da ke fama da cututtuka, sanitize gefen, cika shi da ƙasa mai lalacewa da shuka tsaba.
Matakan kare kariya suna amfani da su don guje wa shan kashi na cututtuka da hana yawan mutuwar seedlings. Yanayi mafi kyau na zafin jiki, ƙasa da iska mai zafi, ƙin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, da kuma kayan abinci mai ma'adinai ya haifar da kyawawan sharuɗɗa don ƙarfafa juriya na seedlings zuwa cututtuka.
