Yaya amfani da kabeji na Romanesco da yadda za a samu nasara?

An kwatanta siffarta da murjani, harsashi na teku, itacen Kirsimeti, ana kiran dandano mai dadi kuma mai ban sha'awa. Kuma abubuwan gina jiki da ke ƙunshe cikin kabeji Romanesco, sa shi daya daga cikin kayan lambu mafi warkarwa.

Girman kabeji irin wannan yana da alaka da matsalolin da yawa, musamman ga masu amfani da kayan lambu, amma abin sha'awa da kuma jin dadi daga yalwar da aka yi da ita ya dace da kokarin.

A cikin labarin zaka karanta irin irin shuka, yadda za a shuka shi yadda ya dace kuma yadda za'a cimma girbi mai kyau.

Tarihin

Ba'a san labarin tarihin bayyanar da kabeji na Romanesco ba. A cewar daya daga cikin littafin, d ¯ a da Etruscans girma shi a farkon karni BC. uh ... Duk da haka a kan kasuwar kayan lambu, wannan kabeji ya bayyana ne kawai a cikin 90s na karni na ashirin. An yi imanin cewa shi ne sakamakon gizan broccoli da farin kabeji daga masu shayarwa a Italiya, duk da cewa babu tabbaci na ainihi.

Bayani

Romanesco (Brassika oleracea var botrytis), wanda aka sani da broccoli Romanesque, Roman da kuma murjani na murjani, a cikin jerin abubuwan da ake kira Botanical classification ya danganta da ainihin ainihin Farin Cikin Farin Cikakke Cruciferous.

Wannan kayan lambu ne mai shekaru guda tare da ruwan lemon-kore mai launin furen ko ƙirar wani nau'i na fure-fure daga ƙananan ƙananan bashi da aka ƙera. Manya manyan - daga 350 g zuwa 2.0 kg. Hakan yana da manyan, dogon, koreren kore ko shuɗi-kore, rashin ƙarfi bakar baki, ganye da aka tattara a cikin rosette mai tasowa. Stalk iko, high - har zuwa 1 mita.

Tare da namo mai kyau, yawan amfanin ƙasa shine 1.6-4.2 kg / m². Gwaran da aka auna su da kyau.

A cikin Lissafi na Ƙasar Ƙirƙirar Rahoton akwai alamun furotin na Romanesco guda hudu da aka ba da shawarar don noma a duk yankuna na Rasha:

• Poinauderde - matsakaici da wuri, manyan-fruited (har zuwa 1.5 kg).
• Emerald Cup - matsakaici da wuri, tare da kananan 'ya'yan itatuwa (0.35-0.5 kg).
• Veronica F1 - tsakiyar kakar, tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa 1.5-2.0 kg.
• Pearl - matsakaici marigayi, tare da kai da girman girman har zuwa 0.8 kg.

Ko da a cikin gonar suna da mashahuri ba a cikin sunaye masu rijista: Amphora F1, Gregory, Romanesco Natalino, Saurare Cire.

Hotuna

Za ku ga hoto na kabeji Romanesco (Romano):

Bambanci daga wasu nau'in

Babban fasalin fasalima na kabeji na Romanesco shi ne tsarin hadaddun 'ya'yan itace. Ƙananan, ƙuƙwalwar furanni a cikin karkace sun shirya a cikin wani ƙananan dala inflorescence. Hakanan, pyramids, a biyun, suna juyawa cikin karkace don samar da babban batu. Mathematicians suna kira wannan nau'i na fractal karkace.

Romanesco dandana bambanta da farin kabeji da kabeji. Her matasa inflorescences da pronounced nut-creamy sweetish, m iyawa. Amma mafi mahimmanci, Romanesco yafi wadata fiye da sauran nau'o'in kabeji dangane da abubuwan da ke amfani da sinadaran amfani.

Ƙarfi da raunana

Babban amfani da Romanesco shine muhimmin abun da ke ciki, wanda ya hada da:

• ruwa;
• fiber;
• bitamin A, C, kungiyoyin B, E, K;
• carotene;
• abubuwan gano (alli, potassium, zinc, magnesium, manganese, iron, phosphorus, fluorine, sodium, jan karfe, selenium);
• folic acid;
• acid fatty acid;
• amino acid;
• flavonoids;
• sulforofan, glucosinolates da isothiocyanates;
• antioxidants.

Romanesco ya furta kaddarorin kariya. Yana da anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial da antimicrobial mataki. Abubuwa masu guba da cututtuka daga jiki. Amfani mai kyau a cikin tsarin kulawa na tsakiya. A lokaci guda tsire-tsire tana da sauƙi, ƙananan kalori, kayayyakin abinci. Yawan adadin caloric na 100 grams ne kawai 30 kcal, wanda ya sa na Romanesco kabeji sha'awa ga mutanen da ke neman rasa nauyi.

Lambu suna kallon amfanin kyawawan shuke-shuke. Sau da yawa ana dasa shi a cikin gadaje masu ganyaye, tare da haɗuwa da tsire-tsire masu furanni da kayan ado.

Romanesco yana da guda ɗaya kawai - Al'adu yana da matukar damuwa da yawan zazzabi da zafi. A yawancin yankuna na Rasha tare da yanayin yanayi mai ban mamaki, girma irin wannan kabeji yana da matsala.

Kula da namo

A namo na Romanesco kabeji ne kama da namo na farin kabeji da Brussels sprouts. Lokacin da dasa shuki amfani da hanyoyi biyu - seedling da shuka tsaba a bude ƙasa.

Hankali: Yanayin nau'in kashewa yana yiwuwa ne kawai a yankunan kudancin Rasha.

• Samun iri

  Tsaba zo a sayarwa kamar yadda farin kabeji iri (Veronica farin kabeji, Pearl, da dai sauransu). Farashin jaka na tsaba (25 g) a Moscow da St. Petersburg cikin 10-15 rubles.

• Saukowa lokaci

  Ana shuka tsaba a bude ƙasa bayan barazanar dawo da sanyi ya wuce:

  1. samfurori na farko - daga tsakiyar Maris zuwa tsakiyar Afrilu;
  2. tsakiyar kakar - a watan Afrilu;
  3. marigayi - daga tsakiyar Mayu.

  Seedlings dasa :

  1. farkon iri - daga marigayi Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar May;
  2. tsakiyar kakar - daga tsakiyar May zuwa tsakiyar Yuni;
  3. marigayi - daga tsakiyar Yuni zuwa tsakiyar Yuli.
• Zabi wani wuri mai saukowa

  Romanesco ba za a shuka ba bayan turnips, radishes, radishes, swede, letas. Bayan kowace irin kabeji, don kaucewa cutar, ana dasa shukin Roman ba a baya fiye da shekaru 3-4 ba. Ana ganin dankali shine mafi kyau wanda ya riga ya kasance, amfanin gona yana da kyau a yankunan da karas, albasa, tumatir, cucumbers, legumes, hatsi, da beets sun girma. Ya kamata wuri ya kasance da rana kuma ko da yaushe rigar.

• Ƙasa

  Ƙasa ta fara shirya a cikin fall. A lokacin da ake yin saro (2 buckets da 1 mota), wanda zai sami lokacin da za a yi bazara a lokacin hunturu, da kuma ƙwayoyin ma'adinai masu mahimmanci dauke da molybdenum, boron, jan ƙarfe.

  Don Romanesco, an yi amfani da ƙasa mai yalwataccen kasa - ƙasa mai duhu ko ƙasa mai laushi. Ƙasar da ke dauke da haɗin gwargwadon acidity an yadu ko itace ko dolomite ash (200-400 g / m²) an kara da shi. Idan ka kasa shirya kayan gadaje a cikin kaka, za ka iya yin shi a farkon spring, da zaran kasar gona thaws.

• Saukowa

  Ƙananan 'ya'yan Romanesco suna ƙananan, saboda haka an riga an dasa ƙasa, an shayar da shi. Idan za ta yiwu, a ko'ina zuba fitar da tsaba, yayyafa 1-2 cm Layer na duniya a saman. Ana shuka itatuwan a cikin rijiyoyin da aka shirya. An shuka shuke-shuke na farko a shekarun kwanaki 60, tsirrai na tsakiya - 40, marigayi - kwanaki 35. Tare da kowane hanya na dasa dasa shuki tsakanin tsire-tsire na 60 cm, tsakanin layuka - 50 cm.

• Zazzabi

  Yanayin yanayin zafi - ainihin buƙata don girma Romanesco. Ba "zato ba" tare da lokacin dasa, za ka iya tafi ba tare da amfanin gona ba. Bud da kuma samfurin flowering yakan faru kawai a zafin jiki na + 15-20 ºC.

  A lokacin da ake shuka iri iri iri, shuka da tsaba da dasa shuki na seedlings an lasafta ta hanyar zamawar da kai ya fada a wani lokaci tare da zafin rana mai sanyi, ga mafi yawancin yankuna wannan ƙarshen watan Agustan Satumba.

• Watering

  Kabeji yana buƙatar yawancin abinci na yau da kullum, amma ba tare da damuwa da ruwa a ƙasa ba. A zafin jiki na + 15-20 ºC, ya isa ya sha ruwan gadaje sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 2-3, a yanayin zafi - kowace rana.

• Top dressing

  Safiyar riguna ta kawo sau 3 a lokacin girma:

  1. Bayan kwana 7-10 bayan fitowar seedlings ko kuma bayan da aka dasa shi zuwa ƙasa mai bude, takin ƙananan ƙananan tare da juyawa.
  2. Bayan kwanaki 14, an zuba gilashin itace a ƙarƙashin kowace shuka da nitrophos ana amfani da su a gwargwadon 300 g / m².
  3. A farkon lokacin da aka fara jagorancin yaro, ana ciyar da shi tare da hadaddun taki, don shiryawa wanda 30 g na ammonium nitrate, 80 g na superphosphate, 20 g na potash taki suna narkar da a cikin guga na ruwa.

  Yana da muhimmanci! Aisles suna sassauta bayan kowace watering, a cikin ruwan sama zuwa zurfin 10-12 cm, a cikin fari ta 4-6 cm, bayan da ƙasa ne mulched.

• Girbi

  Girbi yana farawa daga marigayi Agusta zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba, dangane da nau'in yanayi da yanayi. Ana yin tarin da safe, a lokacin busassun wuri, kafin a yi zafi a cikin rana. Ba za ku iya cinye cikakke cobbles a kan itacen inabi ba, zasu rasa juiciness, dandano da halaye masu kyau.

• Storage

  Za a iya ajiye nauyin ƙwayar Romanesco a cikin firiji don ba fiye da kwanaki 15 ba. Don ajiya na dogon lokaci, shugabannin, kwakwalwa cikin kananan pyramids, suna daskarewa. Tare da wannan hanya dukkan abubuwa masu amfani da bitamin sun sami ceto.

Cututtuka da kwari

Daga cikin kwari da ke cutar Romanesco:

• aphid;
• cruciferous ƙuma;
• kabeji malam buɗe ido caterpillars;
• Medvedka;
• cavert na kabeji;
• kabeji tashi

Don yin yaki da kwari, ana amfani da kwari.

Kwayar Roman yana ƙarƙashin duk cututtukan da suka shafi farin kabeji:

• baki kafa;
• mosaic;
• Alternaria;
• kila;
• mucous bacteriosis.

Rigakafin matsaloli daban-daban

Don rigakafi zaka iya ɗaukar matakai masu zuwa:

• daga fungal, cututtuka na bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri, kafin dasa shuki, yayyafa ruwan zãfi ko duhu ruwan sha manganese bayani kafin dasa shuki;
• sabõda haka, ƙananan lalacewar ba za su ƙone da rana ba, kambi kambi, da ɗaure ɗakunan sama a sama da su;
• Ana samun kyakkyawan sakamako ta hanyar dasa shuki kusa da ganyayyaki na ganyayyaki na shuke-shuke (tafarnuwa, marigold, marigold, dill).

Cabbage Romanesco - wani nau'i na kalubale ga masu goyon baya. Don bunkasa shi a kan kafada kawai gagarumin lambu. Duk wani gazawar da ya dace da fasahar noma, mummunan yanayi, harin da kwari ya kai ga asarar amfanin gona.