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Mealy dew

Asters: cututtuka da kwari, ka yi yaƙi da su

Yawancin lambu suna shuka a cikin makircinsu kyakkyawan shekara-shekara ko tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire - asters. Akwai fiye da nau'in 500. Ana shuka itatuwan Asters a cikin gadaje masu fure, ana amfani da su don iyakoki, rabatok, don yin ado da baranda ko wuraren gona, don tsara kyawawan burodi da shirye-shiryen fure. Amma, da rashin alheri, duk wannan kyakkyawa yana iya lalacewa ta hanyar cututtuka na asters, wanda fiye da ɗaya daga cikin lambu ya ci karo.

Shin kuna sani? A Turai, aster ya bayyana a karni na 17. Ta asirce ta zo da wata musa daga Sin. Bayan haka, furen ya yada a tsakiyar Turai.

Cututtuka na asters, magani da rigakafin

A yau, ana fitar da tsaba aster daga kasashen waje, wannan yana ƙaruwa da yiwuwar fitowarwa da yada sababbin cututtukan cututtuka. Sabbin ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtuka da suka rigaya suka rayu a wasu yanayi da sauri sun dace kuma sun dace da sababbin. Asters, da kansu, suna sha wahala daga yawancin cututtukan cututtuka (24 nau'in).

Jaundice asters

Aster kwari irin su cicada da aphids kawo jaundice. Gilashin launi yana shan wahala. Na farko, shi ya fara juyawa tare da rassan, bayan haka cike da chlorosis na ganye yana faruwa. Buds tsayawa girma kuma ya juya kore. Don magance cutar ya kamata a yaduwa tare da wani bayani na Anti-virus ko Pyrimora daga kwari.

A kan aphids, za ka iya amfani da decoction na yarrow: 800 g na yarrow, zuba lita 10 na ruwa (ruwan zãfi) da kuma tafasa don 2-3 hours, sanyi. Tabbatar kuna ƙone shuke-shuke lalacewa. A matsayin ma'auni na rigakafin, yaduwa daga kwari da ke kawo cututtukan cututtuka.

Mealy dew

Mealy dew shine cuta ce ta asters. Halin halayensa sune fure, bushewa da fadowa daga ganye, curvature na peduncles da mutuwarsu. Sau da yawa cutar ta shimfidawa saboda rashin abinci mai gina jiki, watsi da dasa shuki da zafi.

Don magance cutar:

  • Ya kamata ya yi amfani da kwayoyi kamar Topaz ko Vectra, wanda ake nufi musamman a yakin ta;
  • Ya kamata a dauki nauyin spraying sau uku a kowane mako biyu.
Don rigakafin, halakar shuke-shuke da kamuwa da cuta, weeds da kuma fadi ganye. Guji thickening na plantings, na bakin ciki fitar da harbe. Ku ciyar watering da safe don ba da izinin gadaje su bushe a rana. Yi amfani da takin mai magani tare da phosphorus da potassium.

Black kafa

Blackleg wata cuta ce wadda ke da dalilin da ya sa asters blacken. Saplings da seedlings fara fara baƙar fata, ƙananan wuyansa da kuma mai tushe rot, tsire-tsire na fara, bayan abin da injin ya mutu. Wannan naman gwari ne na kowa akan kasa mai acid.

Don magance cutar:

  • gudanar da farawa;
  • cire manyan tsire-tsire;
  • disinfect kasar gona tare da 1% bayani na potassium permanganate;
  • Yayyafa ƙasa a kusa da taurari tare da yashi;
  • Rashin ciwowar cututtuka, greenhouses, tukwane iri-iri tare da biki ko jan karfe sulfate mafita.
Don kawar da naman gwari, dole ne a shayar da ƙasa tare da jiko na albasa albasa: 20 g na peels ya kamata a zuba tare da lita na ruwan zãfi kuma a bar tsawon awa 24, sieved da 2-3 sprays ya kamata a ba kowace mako.

Astust tsatsa

Wata cututtuka irin su rudani na asters zai iya haifar da mutuwar duk furanni akan shafin. Rashin tsattsar tsattsar tsattsar ruwa tana ɗauke da iska mai nisa, kuma suna jure wa hunturu mai kyau, kuma a cikin idon ruwa sun sake gwada furanni masu kyau.

Ana bayyana tsutsa ta bayyanar stains da girma daga launin ruwan kasa da launin ruwan kasa akan ganye. Idan ba ku fara fada da wannan cuta a lokaci ba, zai sauri watsa zuwa wasu furanni.

Don magance tsatsa da kuma hana:

  • Shuka tsire-tsire daga itatuwan coniferous (mita 250-350);
  • ciyar prophylactic sprays Bordeaux ruwa;
  • idan tsatsa ya riga ya bayyana - tozarta furotin kowane mako biyu har sai an gama kawar da cutar.
Zai fi kyau lalata shuke-shuke da ke kamuwa da cutar domin ya kauce wa kamuwa da wasu a yankin.

Septoria

Wani dalili da ya sa asters bace shi ne Septoria. Wannan cututtuka tana bayyanar da bayyanar a kan ganyayyaki masu launin ruwan kasa, wanda hakan ya zama abin mamaki ga bayyanar asters. Haka kuma cutar tana yaduwa da sauri kuma tana rinjayar dukkanin ganye, suna jin tsoro, aster yana daina girma kuma ya mutu.

Don magance cutar:

  • na fitar da bakin teku;
  • fesa wani bayani na Bordeaux sayar da giya ko jan karfe oxychloride.
Sau da yawa cutar ta yadawa a cikin dumi, lokacin bazara a cikin ciyayi marasa kyau. Rashin kamuwa da cuta zai iya ci gaba a cikin ƙasa akan sharan gona. Saboda haka, cire tsire-tsire masu kamuwa da asali.

Late Blight

Wani mummunar cutar da asters ke nuna shine marigayi. Ya bambanta da bayyanar launin ruwan kasa da aibobi da fari.

Don magance cutar:

  • ya kamata a yada shi da shirye-shiryen da ke dauke da jan karfe;
  • cire tumattun shuke-shuke da aka lalace.
Late Blight iya yada zuwa asters daga dankali da wasu kayan lambu.

Fusarium

Fusarium yana daya daga cikin cututtuka mafi hatsari. An sa shi da naman gwari Fusarium, wanda aka yadu ta hanyar spores. Tsire-tsire marasa lafiya a cikin ƙasa. Haka kuma cutar ta shiga cikin tsarin ɓarna kuma ta lalata shi, bayan haka Fusarium zai auku.

Yana da muhimmanci! Fannun furanni Fusarium yana shafar sosai, amma idan yanayin mummunan yanayi (high zafi, acidic ƙasa).

Don magance cutar:

  • yana da muhimmanci ga al'adu dabam dabam lokacin da dasa shuki;
  • ƙara mai lemun tsami zuwa kasar gona don kula da yawancin acidity;
  • Shuka kasar gona kafin shuka tsaba;
  • Don hana cutar seedling, bayan dasa shuki da tsire-tsire ya kamata a fesa tare da jan karfe oxychloride bayani.
Bayan cire tsire-tsire masu cututtukan, dole a bi da ƙasa tare da lemun tsami don hana yaduwar cutar.

Babban kwari, hanyoyin da ake rubutu da su

Gwaje-gwaje na asters kawo matsala mai yawa ga ma'aikata. Bugu da ƙari ga cinyewa da kyau na tsire-tsire, suna kuma ɗauke da cututtuka tare da ƙwayoyin cuta. Don kare furanni daga kwari mai cutarwa, kana buƙatar aiwatar da matakan tsaro:

  • Kwanyar kaka na duniya;
  • kaucewa da halakar lalacewa da tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara a cikin fall;
  • daidai wuri da kuma zabi na saukowa shafin;
  • shafi humus, lemun tsami da takin zuwa ƙasa;
  • daidai daidai tsakanin tsire-tsire.
Idan kayi rigakafin rigakafi a lokaci, zai taimaka kare da adana shuke-shuke.

Meadow bug

Girman bug ne kawai 5-10 mm, duk da haka, zai iya haifar da mummunan lalacewar furanni. Kwaji ne mai kwari mai launin rawaya tare da wani elongated jiki, wanda aka kunna fuka-fukan a guga. Gidan gado yana lalata furanni, buds, harbe, ganye da kuma mai tushe. Ganye ya fara curl, buds ne maras kyau. Kwaro yana da matukar aiki daga Yuni har zuwa karshen flowering, musamman a lokacin bushe.

Gwajin kwari:

  • spraying da karbofos bayani;
  • phosphamide dusting.
Don cikakke kaddamar da gwangwani, 2-3 tozarta ya kamata a yi.

Gizo-gizo mite

A kaska shine kwaro na 0.4-0.5 mm a girman da yake zaune a gefen wani ganye. Da launi a spring da kaka ne orange-rawaya, jan, da kuma lokacin rani - kore-rawaya. Yana ciyar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace na asters, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ganye ya juya launin rawaya da fade.

Gwajin kwari:

  • sarrafa ciyawa;
  • watering tare da bayani na sulfur da lemun tsami a bushe weather;
  • spraying da 2% pyrethrium bayani, 0.2% bayani na karbofos, tincture na taba, tafarnuwa ko albasa.
Lokacin da ake sarrafa shuke-shuke, tabbatar da cewa maganin ya fāɗi a kan ƙananan ɓangaren leaf inda kashin ke zaune.

Slug ya wuce

Slug ci ganye da kuma lalata da buds. Ana iya gane shi da sauƙi ta jiki mai santsi mai elongated tare da ƙaho a kansa. Slug ya ajiye ramukan oblong, an rufe shi da sirrinta.

Gwajin kwari:

  • gudanar da halakar weeds;
  • yayyafa da lemun tsami a iyakokin makircin;
  • aiwatar da ƙasa tare da lemun tsami.
Slug yana son danshi, don haka rage lokaci na rage watering da thinning da flowerbed ko dasa.

Kusar wuta

Wannan kwaro ne malam buɗe ido a cikin girman har zuwa 20-25 mm. Wings launin toka, elongated. Caterpillars kai masu girma 9-15 mm. Butterflies suna da haɗari saboda suna sa qwai a kan furanni. Caterpillars suna cin pollen da furen furen, to sai motsa su ci tsaba a kwanduna kwandon.

Gwajin kwari:

  • magani na ƙasa tare da basudin kafin dasa shuki;
  • tarin kayan caterpillars da butterflies da hannu.
Kada ku shuka asters kusa da sunflower kuma ku tabbata cewa weeds daga cikin iyalin Compositae ba su haifuwa ba, yayin da suke gida zuwa ƙananan wuta.

Koda aphid

Aphid ya fi yawancin tsire-tsire masu lalata. Yana ciyarwa a kan sap na shuka, saboda abin da ganye ke farawa ya fara curl, bushe ya fada. Aphids zai iya yada zuwa asters daga shuke-shuke kusa ko weeds da ta rayu. Sabili da haka, idan kun spray asters, toshe da mafi kusa shuke-shuke don rigakafi.

Gwajin kwari:

  • spraying bushes karbofos;
  • spraying miyagun ƙwayoyi Inta-vir.
Ku ciyar da akalla uku jiyya na tsire-tsire don cimma sakamakon.

Drooling pennitsa

Wadannan launin rawaya-koren suna zaune ne a cikin banza a cikin ganye ko harbe. Ana nuna aiki daga tsakiyar watan Mayu zuwa farkon Yuli. Suna lalata ganye da kuma kayan furanni. Wannan yana haifar da lalatawar asters da rage a cikin furanni.

Gwajin kwari:

  • gudanar da magani tare da Karbofos ko Antio;
  • amfani dashi don yayyafa jiko ko ado na taba tare da sabulu.
Don shirya taba decoction: 400 g busassun taba zuba lita 10 na ruwa da tafasa don 2 hours. Ba tare da raunana broth ba, kawo ƙararsa zuwa lita 10 ta ƙara ruwa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Don ajiye ruwa a gefen tsire-tsire kafin spraying, kana buƙatar ƙara sabulu.

Gudun gamma

Gilashin-gamma shine ƙwararren malamai mai launin launin ruwan kasa, wanda aka samo shi ta wurin wani gunki mai haske akan fuka-fukinsa, wanda yayi kama da kalmar Helenanci "gamma". Yana haifar da mummunar cutar a cikin bazara lokacin da samari sun bayyana. A cikin rabi na biyu na rani, malam buɗe ido bai da hatsari. Caterpillar scoops kore, tsawon 32 mm, a kan baya 8 Lines Lines. Caterpillars suna cin naman shuke-shuke sama da ƙasa.

Gwajin kwari:

  • gudanar da halakar weeds;
  • shuke-shuke spraying tare da bayani na Chlorophos, Karbofos, Phosphamide.
Domin ƙarancin ƙarancin haɓo, ku ciyar 2-3 spraying asters kuma ku tabbata cewa bayani ba dama a kan furanni, amma kuma a kan mai tushe.

Thrips

Thrips yayi babban lahani ga ganyen shuke-shuke. Cin ganye, suna haifar da yellowing, bushewa da kuma faduwa ganye. An bayyana bayyanar da kayan ado na asters.

Gwajin kwari:

  • Yayyafa da tsantsa daga albasa, taba da tafarnuwa peels.
Idan lokaci ba zai fara yaki da kwaro ba, zai yada zuwa dukkanin shuke-shuke masu kyau kuma ya zauna a kan shafin.

Earworm

Jiki na launin launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa, har zuwa 2 cm tsawo. Wani kwari babba yana da cutarwa ga tsire-tsire. Ya nuna aiki daga rabi na biyu na Yuni har zuwa karshen flowering. Saboda aikin kunne, ganye, buds da inflorescences na asters sun lalace.

Gwajin kwari:

  • don yin ƙura da pyrethrum, basezol;
  • tarin manhajar da aka biyo bayan halakar kwaro.
Earwig yana ɓoye a ƙasa, inda zai iya overwinter. Saboda haka, kafin dasa shuki, kasar gona ya kamata a yi digiri, wanda zai taimaka wajen hallaka nests da kwari.
Shin kuna sani? Wasu lambu suna amfani da tarko na musamman don halakar da kunne. Don yin wannan, mirgine ƙananan ramuka kuma cika su da mullein da sharan gona. Jirgin ruwan ya jawo zafi da abinci. Suka zauna a cikin wadannan gidajen don hunturu. An cire masonry Spring da kuma hallaka.

Don haka, don tabbatar da kyakkyawan flowering da kuma irin masu kirkiro, za a dauki kula don kare su daga kwari da cututtuka. Kada ka manta game da hanyoyin rigakafin da za su taimaka wajen kaucewa kudi akan kwayoyi masu mahimmanci da sunadarai.

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