Asirin girma broccoli kabeji a bude filin. Tips don kulawa da kyau

Kodayake broccoli ba shahara ba ne kamar yadda danginta suke da farin kabeji da fari, amma kuma yana da amfani sosai, amma yana da dandano mai ban sha'awa da abun da ke cikin calorie. Ana iya amfani dashi a wasu salads da kuma sauran jita-jita.

Broccoli wani kayan lambu ne na shekara-shekara na iyalin kabeji. Mafi yawan iri-iri iri-iri yana da ƙananan koyawa masu koyaswa waɗanda aka tattara su da ƙananan inflorescences. Ya kama da farin kabeji, amma kai yana da kore ko launi mai launi. Broccoli kabeji ya rigaya ya gudanar ya rinjayi zukatan da hankulan masoya da masu sanarwa don shuka tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a gida. Yi la'akari da yadda kuma lokacin da za a dasa broccoli, wane irin kula da yake bukata.

Features na namo kayan lambu

Ana bada shawarar shuka shukla a cikin ƙasa inda karas, albasa, kowane hatsi, legumes ko dankali.

Ana rarrabe tsire ta hanyar sauki, don haka, don kula da shi yana da sauki. Amma duk da wannan, broccoli yana da wuya a haskakawa da danshi.

Fasali na girma broccoli:

• Ina kayan lambu zasu fi girma? A cewar masana, ƙasa mafi kyau ga broccoli kabeji shi ne cakuda sod sodiya, yashi da peat. Ba'a da shawarar yin amfani da tsohon ƙasar daga gonar, saboda ta iya kamuwa da ƙwayarta ta fata kuma ta haɗu da shuka.
• Karancin kabeji da aka tanada sun fi kyau inuwa daga hasken rana kai tsaye, in ba haka ba za su sami bayyanar da ba ta da kyau. Kuma a kan yanayin zafi na musamman don tsire-tsire zai zama da amfani don tsara tsawan iska a kusa da shi.
• Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, kayan lambu dole ne a shayar da su sosai. Amma a cikin dukkan ma'auni, idan akwai damuwa mai zurfi, akwai yiwuwar kamuwa da cuta tare da kafa baki da nakasawa daga asalinsu, kuma idan akwai rashin - shugabannin tsiran zasu kasance kadan kuma sunyi sanyi.

  Ba'a da shawarar shuka shukla a baya fiye da shekaru 4 a wurare guda.

Differences a cikin kiwo daga wasu mambobi na kabeji iyali

Broccoli kabeji sau da yawa rikice tare da launi, amma ya bambanta a bayyanar, kuma an dauke mafi albarka. Bayan cire shugabannin a tsakiya, an kafa sabon amfanin gona a gefe harbe. Bayani game da abin da broccoli ya bambanta da farin kabeji, mun gaya a nan). A lokacin da aka samu shugabannin su ne mafi alhẽri don rage yawan ruwa.

Har ila yau, Broccoli yana shayar da zafi da sanyi, sau da yawa ana iya girma a kowane ƙasa. Don ci gaban al'ada na manyan kawuna, kana buƙatar adadin nitrogen, yawan adadin phosphorus da potassium, da haske mai kyau. Ya girma a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, sabanin sauran jinsuna, shugabannin sukan fara sauri.

Hotuna

Da ke ƙasa a hoto za ku ga yadda broccoli ke girma:

Inda da kuma nawa aka sayar da iri?

Hakanan zaka iya yin umurni a tsakiyar kasuwancin intanit "Regmarkets", inda babban jigon kowane zaɓi, duka biyu dangane da farashi da kuma dangane da masu sana'a. Idan an sayi sayan a kantin sayar da mu, a matsayin wani zaɓi, za ka iya duba adiresoshin a kan bincike kuma zaɓi abin da ya dace a kusa.

Daidaita tsaba da iri daban-daban

Akwai wasu nau'o'in nau'in broccoli iri na farko, kuma akwai matasan da aka samu ta hanyar haɓaka iri iri. Tsawan matakan farko sun dace da saukowa a gaba shekara. Abinda ya rage shi ne cewa wadannan nau'in ba su da matukar wadata kuma basu dace da ajiyar lokaci ba.

Cikakken Broccoli basu dace da dasa shuki na gaba ba.. Amma, kusan ba lalace ta hanyar kwari. Idan aka kwatanta da farkon ripening, shi ya fi yawa fruitful. Tsarin samfurori ya fara a baya, kuma za'a iya adana su tsawon lokaci.

Yadda zaka zabi mafi kyau?

Tsarin sukarin girma daga zuriyar yana farawa a farkon rabin Maris - to sai an shuka albarkatun broccoli a kan bishiyoyi.

Zai yiwu a shuka shukin kabeji tsaba a cikin hanyar sufuri, a cikin sharuɗɗa da yawa a kowane makonni biyu zuwa tsakiyar Yuni, amma tun daga karshen watan Afrilu an dasa broccoli a cikin hanya mara kyau ba kai tsaye a ƙasa.

Akwai nau'o'in iri iri da kuma hybrids na kabeji, amma waɗanne ne mafi kyau? Zaka iya zaɓar masu dacewa bisa ga muhimman al'amura biyu.:

1. Yi hankali ga lokacin ripening iri. Hybrids sun zo mataki na shiri don kwanaki 50, lokacin marigayi na tsawon shekaru 140 ko fiye. Sabili da haka, an bada shawarar sosai don dakatar da zabin a farkon nau'in kayan girbi don yanayin yanayin gajeren lokaci.
2. A kan yawan amfanin ƙasa. Daga mita 1 na dasa shuki yana yiwuwa a tattara daga 1 zuwa 4 kilogiram na 'ya'yan itatuwa, kuma a wasu lokuta har 7 kg, dangane da inganci da halaye na iri.

Yaushe ya shuka kuma menene ya dogara?

• Idan kuna sa ran girbi a Yuni, to sai ku fara fara shuka a rabi na biyu na watan Maris ko a farkon kwanakin Afrilu.
• Idan aka shuka shuka a watan Maris, to, an dasa shi a cikin wani gine-gine, sa'an nan kuma zuwa gadaje.
• Afrilu za a aika da samfurori nan da nan zuwa ga ƙasa.

Ya kamata a lura cewa lokacin da za a dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa ana zaba a cikin yammacin rana, a cikin rana mai duhu.

Yadda za a yi girma a cikin ƙasa - umarnin mataki zuwa mataki

Hanyar Rassadny

Wannan hanya ce mai sauƙi a cikin cewa kawai kuna buƙatar iri da tsaba. Na farko, mafi yawan waɗanda aka zaba. Shuka su kimanin kwanaki 35-40 kafin aukuwar su a cikin ƙasa. Ana yawanci su a cikin kwalaye da ƙasa ko a cikin greenhouse, zuwa zurfin kusan 1 cm kuma tare da nĩsa tsakanin ramukan 2.5 cm.

Yawancin lambu suna yayyafa toka, lemun tsami ko dolomite gari kafin shuka don samar da abubuwa masu muhimmanci. Sa'an nan kuma tono shi. Yi amfani da humus da takin mai magani. Wani lokaci kafin dasa shuki ya kamata ka takin kasar gona tare da takin, a lissafi - 1 guga ta 1 square. m. Yawan zafin jiki na matsakaici wanda tsaba zai bunkasa dole ne ya daidaita da digiri 20. Sa'an nan za'a iya rage yawan zazzabi zuwa digiri 15, riƙe shi da kyau kafin saukarwa.

Ana buƙatar ruwa da kyau, amma ba don ƙyale wuce haddi ba, saboda Wannan zai haifar da ci gaba da kafafun kafafu. Na farko harbe na tsaba girma a cikin greenhouse, yi hanya riga bayan kwanaki 10 a zafin jiki na digiri 10.

A zafin jiki fiye da digiri 10, ƙananan furanni sun bayyana bayan kwana 3-4. Bayan 1.5-2 makonni, zaku iya ganin 3-4 ganye. A wannan lokacin, suna zaune a cikin kwantena masu rarraba, ko kai tsaye a cikin greenhouse, idan zafin jiki ya ba shi. Ramin zurfin ramukan ya zama kimanin 25 cm, kuma nisa tsakanin saukowa ya zama akalla 40 cm.

Ɗaya daga cikin hanyar dashi seedlings:

1. don fara shirya shimfiɗar (dole ne ka narke gado, to, kayi da humus, 30-40 g ga kowane daji);
2. a cikin 'yan makonni don gudanar da gyare-gyare don rage acidity na ƙasa;
3. ƙara takin (10 l / m²) don kula da zazzabi mai sanyi;
4. 10 - 15 cm tsire-tsire za su fara farawa a gonar;
5. ruwa;
6. tono ramuka 8 cm zurfi (ƙasa ya kamata isa matakin launi);
7. yana da muhimmanci don kawar da babban tushe dan kadan don cimma nasarar tushen tsarin;
8. a karshen zuba ruwa da kyau.

Kasashen waje da ƙasa kadan suna da kyau. Har ila yau, kasar gona don shuka za a iya shirya kamar haka: Mix yashi da turf da peat, kwanciya limestone a kasa. Don kwantar da ƙasa dole kuyi matakai masu zuwa:

1. dumi ƙasa kamar 'yan makonni kafin shuka;
2. 24 hours kafin shuka, domin rigakafin baki kafa, ruwa da ƙasa tare da bayani na potassium permanganate.

Shuka kai tsaye cikin ƙasa

Tuni a cikin watan Mayu, a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai dumi, ana iya dasa tsaba na broccoli ta wadanda ba su da seedlings. Kamar yadda aka sama, ana sarrafa ƙasa kuma an shirya shi. Ya kamata a dasa shi a cikin rigar da takin ƙasa. Bayan bayyanar 2-3 ganye, kuna buƙatar ciyawa da na bakin ciki da shuka, nisa tsakanin bushes ya zama kusan 40 cm.

Yaya za a kula da amfanin gona?

A kula da broccoli a farkon wuri ya hada da tsire-tsire, kowace rana ko kowace rana. Bayan hanyoyi na ruwa sun zama dole don sassauta ƙasa. Zaka iya amfani da fatar don yin tsaftace yanayi.. Urea za a iya amfani dashi a matsayin safiyar farko, saboda haka, ana kara 2 teaspoons a guga 1, game da 15 bushes.

Ƙarin kula da shuka shi ne:

1. bincikar tsire-tsire (kauye da mummunar ganye, da sauransu);
2. sunadarai magani (don rigakafin cututtuka da kwari);
3. sassauta ƙasa;
4. watering kamar bushewa;
5. hakar na shuke-shuke da aka shafa;
6. airing greenhouses.

Girbi

Bayan watanni 3, lokacin da buds sun yi matukar girma, amma basu riga sun buɗe ba, sun yanke babban kai da wani ɓangare na babban tushe, tsawonsa ya zama 15-20 cm.

Saboda zafi, idan shugabannin kawunan ba su yi duhu ba, sun bude da sauri. Saboda haka, an bada shawarar girbi kowane kwanaki 2-3, kuma a cikin yanayin mummunar yanayi - kowane kwanaki 7-10.

Za'a iya ƙaddamar da girbi mai gabatowa ta hanyar ƙaddamar da inflorescences wanda ya yi fure a rana mai zuwa. Tarin farko ya dace da ajiya don ɗan gajeren lokaci (kwanakin da yawa), yayin da kaka yake da tsawo.

Kada ka manta cewa wasu irin broccoli ripen da gefen harbe. Da sauri, sun fara farawa bayan yankan manyan. Sabili da haka, zasu iya ci gaba da kulawa da samun manyan shugabannin. Lokacin da suka girma - an yanke su.

Cututtuka da kwari

1. Flowering:
   • wanda ba yarda da kwanan shuki (farkon watsi);
   • girbi ba a kan lokaci ba;
   • kasa kasa ko rashin shi.
2. Harshen:
   • high zafi, wato, wuce kima watering na shuke-shuke;
   • fannoni na yanayin da ke dauke da ƙananan zafi.
3. Cutar cutarZaka iya ƙayyade shi ta wurin fure ko launin ruwan kasa.
   • Kila - cuta da ke taimaka wa naman gwari. Idan ba a cire shuka ba, toshe tare da naman gwari zai yada wa wasu.
   • Black kafa - kamar yadda aka ambata a cikin wannan labarin, tasowa saboda babban zafi kuma ma fungal cuta. A sakamakon ci gabanta, injin ya mutu.
   • Alternaria Alamar wannan cutar da ta samu naman gwari shine baƙar fata. Ya samo asali ne bayan bayan ruwa mai yawa da dumi.
   • Mealy dew. Zai iya faruwa a cikin kaka, a kan ganyayyaki yana nuna fure a cikin nau'i na gari da ƙurar ɓaɓɓuka. Dalilin wannan zai iya zama - tsuntsaye ko rashin hazo a yanayin zafi.
   • Mursa mosaic wata kwayar cuta ce wadda ta yada irin wannan kwaro kamar aphids. Za'a iya ƙaddara ta hanyar rage jinkirin girma da tsire-tsire na mosaic.
   • Mucous bacteriosis. Dalilin wannan cututtuka ne kwayoyin da ke kashe kwayar kawai. Alamomi - leaf rot, softening na tushe.
   • Bacteriosis na kwayoyin cutar daya ne na kwayar cuta. Yana rinjayar duk sassa na shuka. Yana faruwa ne saboda abubuwan da ke faruwa: danshi, hazo da kwari. A sakamakon haka, kayan lambu sun mutu.
   • Belle ne cututtukan fungal da ke lalata ganyayyaki da sashi na iska. Hakazalika, tare da zane mai bango.
   • Fomoz. Haka kuma cutar tana nuna kanta idan an riga an cutar da irin. Haske spots da baki specks kama mai tushe, Tushen, da cotyledon ganye.

Daki dalla-dalla game da abubuwan amfani da broccoli, da kuma takaddama ga amfani da ita, karanta a nan, kuma daga wannan labarin za ku koyi irin yadda za a iya dafa kayan lambu.

Kamar sauran sauran kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa, broccoli kabeji ma na bukatar kulawa mai kyau, ko da yake ba mahimmanci ne ba. Idan ka bi duk bukatun girma da kulawa, zaka iya samun ginin ku na ƙwayar broccoli a kusa.