A na musamman shuka - lemun tsami basil. Bayani da hotuna, ka'idojin namo da kulawa

Lemon Basil wata shuka ce ta musamman wanda ke da dukkan halaye na al'adun Basil da kayan haɓo na 'ya'yan' ya'yan Citrus, wanda ya sa ya zama kayan ado mai kyau da kifi da kifi, kayan zane da kayan abincin.

A ƙasashe da dama, ana amfani da Basil lemun tsami ba kawai a matsayin kayan yaji ba, amma har ma a matsayin babban kayan da aka yi da jita-jita da kuma gefe.

Wannan injin ba ya rasa kimar kimarsa bayan ya bushewa ko daskarewa. Amfanin amfani da lemun tsami a cikin abinci zai iya wadatar da yawancin abinci tare da amfani da sinadarai da bitamin. Za ku gane basirar birane ko na shekara-shekara tare da dadi mai lemun tsami.

Bayanan Botanical da lokacin zamani

Yawan aiki ya kai 300 grams daga wani daji. Ana amfani da shuka a sabo ne, dried da kuma gwangwani. Tsaba suna da ikon kasancewa mai yiwuwa don shekaru 4-5. Girma lokaci 45-60 days. Wannan iri-iri ba sanyi sanyi ba.

Tarihi

Kasashen da ke yankin Basilun da ke kudu maso yammacin Afirka, Sin ne. Tsarin ya shiga Turai a tsakiyar karni na goma sha takwas, daga inda ya riga ya yada zuwa Rasha ta farkon karni na goma sha tara. Da farko, an dasa Basil da lemun tsami kamar wakili na kwayoyinidal da anti-inflammatory, da tabbatar da matsayi na tsire-tsire magani.

A ƙarshen karni na sha tara, ana amfani da Basil lemon a cikin kayan lambu na kayan lambu da kayan ado.

Bayyanar

Lemon Basil yana da ƙwayar madaidaiciya mai tsayi har zuwa 40 cm high. Tsarin tushen shine an ci gaba da matsakaici, ƙananan, wakiltar guda ɗaya na fararen fata tare da raƙuman lambobi. Ganyayyaki suna lemun tsami-kore, kore mai haske, oblong, tare da gefuna da kerawa da mahimmanci, wanda aka rufe tare da ƙananan gashin gashi, suna da ƙanshi mai laushi.

Furen furanni guda biyu ko launin launi mai haske sun girma daga rassan itatuwan apical. Gudun ruwa yana da tsawo, daga makonni 2 zuwa wata daya da rabi. A sakamakon furanni an kafa 'ya'yan itace, wanda ya kunshi kwayoyi hudu, dauke da launin ruwan kasa-launin ruwan kasa da kananan.

Hotuna

A cikin hoto za ku ga abin da wannan injin yayi kama da:

Differences daga wasu nau'o'in da iri

1. Ƙanshi mai ƙanshi mai ƙanshi na ƙasar ɓangaren tsirrai shine muhimmi ne kawai a wannan nau'in.
2. Ƙanshi da kuma dandano dandana ta yin amfani da basil lemun tsami kawai a cikin shirye-shiryen kayan abinci, Berry da 'ya'yan itace.
3. Ba kamar basil da ke tsiro ba, wanda yayi girma a cikin babban mai girma mai banƙyama, bishiya mai lemun tsami yayi girma a cikin nau'in bishiya mai tsayi har zuwa 40 cm a tsawo.
4. Ba kamar basil din Turkiyya ba, wanda yana da ƙanshi mai ƙanshi da ƙananan ganye, da Basil Mexica da ƙanshi na kirwa da manyan launin ja, wannan nau'in yana da ƙanshi mai daɗin ƙanshi kuma ya fita a cikin nau'i mai ƙananan ovals.
5. Ba kamar Basil Thai ba, dandano wanda yayi kama da barkono, kuma launi na shuka shine ja, wannan Basil ne mai haske kuma yana da dandano mai lemun tsami.
6. Ba kamar nau'in daji da mai launi ba tare da furanni mai launi, iri-iri na lemun tsami suna da fari ko furanni-furanni.
7. Basil Cuban ta dubi launi, kuma lemun tsami Basil ganye suna da launin kore.

   Lemon basil, sabanin sauran iri, ya ƙunshi a cikin abun da ke ciki da muhimmanci mai, kama da Citrus muhimmanci mai.

Waraka da masu amfani

• Daidaitawar tsarin tsarin zuciya.
• Ƙinƙasa ƙwayar gastrointestinal ta hanyar ƙara yawan kayan juyayi da kuma enzymes.
• An yi magana da tonic, inganta yanayin, ingantaccen kulawa.
• Rage ƙwayoyin cholesterol cikin jini.
• Tsarin ci gaban ciwon daji.
• Ƙarfafa kariya.
• Ana cire hakar muscle, kawar da toxin.
• Ƙarfafa kayan tiyata.
• Ƙara filastik fata ta hanyar haɓaka samar da collagen.
• Rage ƙasa saboda limonel - wani bangaren ainihin mai da ke haifar da hanzari na metabolism.

Chemical abun da ke ciki da 100 grams na samfurin

• Calorie abun ciki - 27 Kcal.
• Ruwa - 91 g
• Carbohydrates - shekaru 4
• Protein - 3.7 g
• Fat - 0.3 g
• Abincin acid maras nauyi - 0.04 g

Abubuwan da aka gano:

1. abincin zazzabi - 0.6 g;
2. sodium, 4 MG;
3. potassium - 278 MG;
4. allura 16 MG;
5. phosphorus - 54 MG;
6. manganese - 0.89 MG;
7. ƙarfe - 3.4 MG;
8. selenium - 0.3 MG;
9. jan ƙarfe - 237 mcg.

Vitamin:

1. thiamine - 0.03 MG;
2. B2 - 0.076 MG;
3. B9 - 76 μg;
4. ascorbic acid - 17 MG;
5. tocopherol - 0.7 MG;
6. phylloquinone - 414 mcg;
7. Niacin - 0.9 MG;
8. choline - 4 MG;
9. retinol - 265 mcg;
10. B5 - 0.3 MG.

Contraindications

• Abokan rashin haƙuri.
• Fever.
• Tashin ciki da lactation.
• Zubin jini mai tsanani.

A ina za a yi amfani da kuma yadda ake amfani?

Ana amfani da Basil Lemon a cikin sabo, dried da kuma gwangwani. Dangane da dandano citrus da ƙanshi, ana amfani da kewayon amfani da 'ya'yan itace da kayan lambu, da kayan abinci da kayan abinci, wanda ba shi da mahimmancin amfani da wasu iri.

A cikin siffarsa, an yi amfani da ita don yin salads da sandwiches, wanda aka yi amfani da ita a matsayin mai yalwa a cikin marinade, kuma aka bushe a ciki, don ƙara nama da kifi, da kayan daji da kuma naman alade. Har ila yau, ganyen lemun tsami na lemon yana zama abin ado na kayan ado.

Lemon Basil ya dace da:

1. fararen kifi na kifi;
2. alade;
3. dankali;
4. karas;
5. vinegar;
6. Rosemary;
7. Mint.

Yaya za a kula lokacin da girma a filin bude?

• Zazzabi Lemon Basil ne tsire-tsire mai zafi. Mafi yawan zafin jiki don girma shine digiri 25-28 a rana, da digiri 20-22 da dare. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa mai dumi.
• Watering Ana shayar da ƙasa a matsayin ƙananan yadudduka na ƙasa, busassun gadaje amma ba a kan wankewa ba. An shayar da ruwa mai dumi (digiri 28-30).
• Haske Mafi ƙarancin lokaci na rana ɗaya ne 7 hours. Shuka tsaba kafin shuka germination za a iya rufe shi da kayan abu mai duhu. Tare da rashin haske, wannan nau'i-nau'i zai sannu a hankali kuma ya rasa ƙarancin halayyarsa.
• Ciyar. Kasar gona don bunkasa wannan iri-iri dole ne a wadatar da takin mai magani ma'adinai akalla sau biyu a lokacin girma - a lokacin fitowar seedlings kuma a farkon flowering. Fomhon da potassium da takin mai magani (superphosphate, 20 grams da lita 10 na ruwa), itacen sha ko takin (guga guda 1).
• Dakatarwa. Ana gudanar da shi bayan kowace ban ruwa, tun da rashin loosening zai haifar da acidification na kasar gona.
• Weeding Ana bada shawara don aiwatar da akalla sau 2 a cikin kwanaki goma, musamman a hankali cire weeds tare da tsarin tushen ci gaba.
• Thinning. Lokacin da tsirrai suka kai ga tsawo na 10-15 cm, an cire su zuwa nesa na 20 cm tsakanin shuke-shuke da akalla 40 cm tsakanin layuka na gadaje.
• Pinching. An yi shi lokacin da seedling yana da fiye da 6 gaskiya ganye. Na gode wa noma daji zai yi girma a fadin kuma ba zai isa kawai ba.

Hanyoyin kula da gida

• A gida, ana kiyaye yawan zafin jiki, wanda yakan haifar da girma mai girma na basil. A wannan yanayin, akai-akai pinching da cire samfurori buds don kauce wa maras so flowering.
• Ana buƙatar yin karin wadatawa na kasar gona tare da takin mai magani na ma'adinai, kamar yadda iri-iri ke karba game da takin gargajiya na ƙasa. Don dasa shuki ya fi dacewa don yin amfani da ƙasa mai tsabta.
• Lokacin da yake girma a gida, yana da kyau a zabi gine-gine fiye da baranda, kuma kada ku ƙyale ƙwayar iska. Ganye ba ya jure wa iska.
• Lokacin da girma a gida, watering, thinning da sassauta ƙasa suna da za'ayi bisa ga ka'idoji guda kamar lokacin da girma a bude ƙasa.

Shuka da kiwo

Tsaba

1. Shuka na tsaba da aka samar a watan Afrilu a cikin kwalaye masu nau'in a zurfin 1 centimeter.
2. A nisa tsakanin layuka shi ne inimita 5-6.
3. Bayan shuka, an yi amfani da ƙasa mai haske kuma an rufe ta da fim mai kariya.
4. An cire fim din yau da kullum don yawancin sa'o'i a lokacin mafi kyawun rana.

Seedlings

Lokacin da tsirrai suka kai tsawon mita 5, an dasa shi a cikin wani gine-gine ko ƙasa maras kyau. Ana shuka shuka ne a ƙasa ba a baya ba daga ƙarshen watan Mayu, lokacin da yawan zafin jiki na dare ba ya fada a kasa da digiri 12. Ana kariya daga wurin iska daga iska, da kwanciyar rana mafi yawa.

Cuttings

Lemon basil yana da kyau a fadada ta yankanDon haka, ana sanya sliced ​​sassan jikin a cikin ruwa na mako guda, kuma bayan bayyanar tushensu, an dasa su a ƙasa, wanda ya ba da dama ga karuwar yawan amfanin ƙasa.

Dokokin girbi

Ana aiwatar da girbi na greenery a lokacin da mai tushe ta kai kimanin 15 centimeters (daga karshen Yuli). Ana bar rassan a hankali rabuwa ɗaya, har sai akwai littattafan ganye 5-6 da aka bari a kan tushe, ta hanyar abin da zai bar gefen harbe. A lokacin kakar za'a iya yin har zuwa 4 datsa.

Ba a yarda da shuka basil (dole ne a kawar da buds), tun a cikin wannan yanayin ganye suna da wuya kuma basu dace da abinci.

An tattara rassan bishiyoyi a cikin inuwa da kuma a sararin sama, ko kuma jigon basil da aka daura kuma sun rataye daga rufi. An adana ma'aunin lemun tsami na lemun tsami har tsawon shekara daya da rabi.

Ina zan saya iri?

Ana iya sayo tsaba a cikin takarda na 2 grams a cikin shaguna kan layi ko a cikin shaguna na lambun lambu a Moscow da St. Petersburg.

Farashin ya zana daga 13 zuwa 28 rubles kuma a matsakaici 20.5 rubles. Ana saya tsaba da yawa daga masu lambu masu zaman kansu, farashin 1 sapling jeri daga 15 zuwa 45 rubles (farashin farashin yana da rubles 30).

Lokacin sayen, kula da bayyanar tsaba (ba dole ba su bushe, ba lalacewa, launi mai launin ruwan kasa-launin ruwan kasa). Lokacin sayen seedlings duba ikon mutuncin tushen tsarin da kuma mafi girma na shuka.

Cututtuka da kwari

Lemon basil yana shafar:

• Fusarium;
• launin toka;
• black leg.

Ana nuna wannan ta hanyar lalacewa da kuma tsaftacewar sauƙi daga asalinsu da ganyen shuka.

Matakan sarrafawa sun hada da bin dokoki:

1. yanayin juyawa;
2. kullum weeding;
3. thinning da loosening;
4. jiyya tare da jiko na barkono da albasa ko ƙwayoyin cuta a alamun farko na kamuwa da cuta.

Daidaitawa da sauƙi na kulawa da noma na amfanin gona ya ba ka damar samun yawan amfanin gona a cikin gonar, greenhouse da kuma gida, yana da amfani a yi ado da kowane tasa da kuma hana yawan cututtuka da cututtuka da yawa.