Yaushe kake buƙatar shuka karas don tsaba da kuma yadda za ka tattara iri?

Wanda ba a sha'awar amfanin gona da aka shuka a kan tsaba da aka saya, yawancin gonaki masu kayan lambu suna kokarin dasa kansu. Kuma sau da yawa ba su san yadda za a yi ba.

Saboda haka, mun tattara bayanai mafi amfani don kada kuyi kuskure kuma ku sami sakamako masu ban sha'awa.

Akwai farkon, tsakiyar kakar da marigayi irin karas. Wannan umurni ya dace wa kowannensu, idan ba mu magana game da girbi ga tsirrai na hunturu ba, da dai sauransu.

Yaya za ku shuka tsaba naku?

Amfanin

• Samun iri a cikin adadi mai yawa, tare da rayuwa mai rai na 2 zuwa 4 shekaru.
• Girbi tsaba da ake bukata iri.
• Nau'in abincin iri - garanti nagari mai kyau da kuma iyakar rayuwa.
• Dasa yana da sauƙi don saurin girma mai yawa.
• Girman tsaba da ka ajiye a si sayayya.
• Karas daidai dace da yanayin dasa yanayin da tsaba suka girma. Kasashen da aka shigo sun rasa amfani irin wannan, duk da alkawuran da ake samu na masu girma.
• Muna saka idanu da ajiyar ajiyar kayan amfanin gona, wanda ke kai tsaye a kan tasirin su.
• Lokacin da sayen kayan shigo da tsaba, akwai wasu sauye-sauye na sauyawa.

Abubuwa marasa amfani

• Wasu nau'i na karas na iya zama tsayayya ga flowering, wanda zai haifar da rashi.
• Samun cikakken tsari kuma mai kyau na shirye-shirye na ayyuka ba ya tabbatar da flowering na karas.
• Kula da karas yana rinjayar ingancinta, sabili da haka, daga wani abu mai mahimmanci da samfur mai wadata, zai iya zama cikin shuka, mai amfani da shi wanda yake da illa ga lafiyar jiki.
• Tattaunawa ta musamman na iri yana haifar da asarar amfanin gona.

A lokacin da za a dasa tushen don samun tsaba?

• Karas - shuka na yanayi biyu. Kuma tsaba da muke samu a gaba shekara.
• Ana shirya wuri don dasa shuki mai tushe a cikin fall, da cika gadaje tare da humus ko gurza takin, da ƙasa mara kyau don ma'adanai an hadu tare da dukkanin sama da kuma zauren daga bazara.

Umurni: yadda ake shuka?

Shirin shiri na shekara ta farko

1. Zabi nau'in tsaba na karas. Alamar alama a kan kunshin tare da rubutun F1. Na biyu za su fara bazuwa. Kula da ƙasa maras kyau da rashin ciyayi shine muhimmiyar mahimmanci a kula da karas.
2. Muna shuka shi a yankunan da ke cikin hasken rana, ba tare da inuwa ba.
3. Muna girma karas kafin zuwan sanyi, to, sai mu fara fita. Don kula da kaddarorin tsaba daga shekara zuwa shekara, wajibi ne don zaɓin tushen asali.
4. Mun jawo hankalin zuwa ga yarda da nau'in nau'in varietal - madaidaici, mai haske, m, ba tare da lalacewa ba. Ana iya yin wannan a cikin bazara ta hanyar duba jigon ajiya.
5. Mun yanke saman, ajiye mafi girma daga inda ganye ke girma, akwai kuma buds-germs na gaba shekara.

Yanayin ajiya na musamman:

• Mun sauka zuwa spring a cikin wani sanyi cellar tare da yawan zafin jiki na + 1-2 ° С.
• Store zai fi dacewa a cikin layuka a cikin katako ko filastik akwatin, raba daga karas don abinci.

Shirye-shiryen ƙasa:

Yayinda aka adana kayan amfanin gona, zamu fara shirya lambun gadon lambu na gaba a cikin fall, cika shi da humus ko takin.

A cikin shekara ta biyu

Karan da muka ajiye ba su yi haƙuri da sanyi ba, saboda haka yana da kyau jira har zuwa shekara ta uku na Mayu don wanke ƙasa daga 10-15 ° C.

Inventory

Don aikin da muke bukata:

1. rake;
2. shebur;
3. kaya;
4. gauze ko agro-fiber tare da yawa daga 20 g / m;
5. goyon baya ga launi na shuke-shuke iri zuwa mita 1.

Girman abu

Tushen tushe ba tare da lalacewar da aka tsare daga bara.

Ƙasa

• Karas sha abin da kuke ciyar da ita, don haka ba za a iya amfani da taki a matsayin taki ba. Har ila yau, yana ƙara yawan acidity a cikin ƙasa, wanda zai zama cutarwa ga amfanin gona.
• Idan kana da babban acidity na ƙasa, dole ne a rage. Wannan tsari zai iya daukar shekaru 3-4.
• Don bincika acidity, za ka iya amfani da 9% edible vinegar, fadada shi a ƙasa. A low acidity kumfa zai bayyana ko ɓoyewa.

Tsarin aiki

1. A watan Mayu, muna shirya kayan lambu don dasa kayan lambu. Mun yi sama sama da kuma shimfiɗa ƙasa tare da rake ba tare da amfani da takin mai magani ba. Muna rataye igiyoyi inda muke son shuka asali da shuka tsaba don kula da ciyayi kamar yadda suke girma.
2. Muna sanya ramuka da zurfin daidai da ƙarar tushen, zuba gado tare da ruwan dumi kuma zuba kumbura na humus a can.
3. Sanya wata tushe a cikin rami, yayyafa da ƙasa kuma a hankali ka rusa shi. Yi shuka a tsaye ko kuma dan kadan, ya bar kai a matakin kasa.
4. Re-ruwa mu saukowa.
5. Muna yin ciyawa - mun cika ƙasa tare da sawdust, hay ko busassun ciyawa 6-7 cm a kan fuskar ƙasa a kewayen karas.

Amfanin mulching shine cewa muna ciyar da lokaci a kan watering, lalata ƙasar da tsaftacewa da weeds. Dry ciyawa da hay bayan girbi ya zauna a cikin ƙasa bayan da ƙasa ta kwarewa kuma tana aiki a matsayin taki da hadi. Mun bushe ciyawa don 'yan kwanaki, sa'annan ku sa su.

Kula

1. Idan akwai launin rawaya, mun yayyafa su da ƙasa don kare daga rana.
2. Yankin ya fi dacewa da tallafi na shinge, saboda ganye zasu ci gaba har zuwa mita 1 a tsawo kuma matakan da ke faruwa zasu iya ci gaba da shi.
3. Idan akwai nau'o'in karas iri biyu ko fiye da ke kusa, don kaucewa bazuwa da juna ba tare da haɗuwa da juna ba ko tare da albarkatun daji, rufe su da kayan haske, iska da kuma translucent. Gilashi mai kyau ko agro fiber da muka shirya. Ya kamata a cire bayan flowering.
4. Bayan makonni 2-3 tare da bayyanar lokacin farin ciki, muna ruwa da shuka tare da madara mai lemun tsami. Don yin wannan, ƙara ruwa zuwa lemun tsami har sai ya zama madara-kamar a cikin daidaito. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen ƙarfafa amfanin gona, don kare su daga cututtuka da kuma lafiyar tsaba.
   Ruwa mafi kyau na ƙasa ta madara mai laushi da takin gargajiya na faruwa a lokuta daban-daban. Wannan rage yawan nitrogen da ake bukata ta tsire-tsire.
5. A ƙarshen ban ruwa, mun ci ƙasa a kusa da gwaje-gwaje don rage yawan tasirin zafin jiki a kan tayi.
6. Wani lokaci a cikin shekarar farko, maimakon amfanin gona, tsire-tsiren ke tsiro, wanda ya sa karba bai dace ba. Wannan yana da yawa daga abubuwa masu yawa: sanyi mai sanyi, ƙasa mai sanyi, tsaba na karasasshen shuka karas da daji, da dai sauransu.

   Don ƙayyade cewa karas fara farawa ne mai sauƙi. Daga tsakiyar Yuni zuwa tsakiyar Yuli, umbrellas sun bayyana a sama, wanda shine al'ada kawai a cikin shekara ta biyu.

Yadda za a kauce wa wanda bai dace ba?

• Lokacin da sayen tsaba, wajibi ne don bincika iri dake da tsayayya da flowering, daga cikinsu shine Vitamin, Gwangwani, Nantes 4, Kalmomin, Cold-Resistant19.
• Tsaba bai kamata ya wuce shekaru 2 ba.
• Ku kula da su kafin ku shuka.
• Mafi mahimmanci na karas a gonar su ne kabeji, tumatir, cucumbers, dankali.
• Lokacin da zafin jiki ya saukad da, gadon zai ajiye fim din.
• Zai fi kyau a shuka karas tsakanin tsire-tsire tare da lantarki, wannan zai sauƙaƙe kula da matsakaicin matsakaici. Mafi dacewa: letas, radish, tafarnuwa da legumes, yayin da kauce wa faski, horseradish da beets tare da seleri.
• Yi la'akari da tsire-tsire don yin kaucewa tsirrai na shuka ana gudanar da shi sau 3-4 don dukan lokacin girma.
• Kullum yana da laushi, maimakon nauyin ƙananan yara.
• Cigaba mai yawa da takin gargajiya yana inganta flowering.
• A lokacin ruwan sama sosai yafi kyau a rufe amfanin gona don kauce wa bay.

Yadda za a tattara kaya mai kyau?

Lokacin tattarawa:

• Kwayoyin za suyi furanni na dogon lokaci, a cikin lokacin daga Yuli 25, murmushi sunyi launin launin ruwan kasa, mai nuna alama na balaga.
• Ana tattara har zuwa watan Agusta. Idan akwai saurin sanyaya da umbrellas ba su da lokaci don samun launin da ake so, sai har zuwa ga Satumba 20, muna rataye su a cikin ɗaki mai ruwa da takarda.

Saradi shiri da iri tarin:

1. An yanke labaran mature yayin da suke girma tare da tsayi 20-25 cm. Suna girma a lokuta daban-daban, saboda haka mun yanke su a cikin 4 gudanar.
2. A cikin layi daya tare da yankan, ana tattara tumakin da aka tattara a cikin duhu.

Samar da shuka:

An saka wasu ƙararrawa a cikin jaka kuma a mike hannayenka, a shafa ta cikin takarda 3-5 mm, cire duk wani tarkace.

Bayyanar:

Carrot tsaba suna kama da faski, saboda haka ka yi hankali. Yanayi masu rarraba na tsaba na karas - su ne ƙananan, launin ruwan kasa tare da fararen furanni.

Zaɓi na dace da tsaba mara kyau:

A cikin hunturu, kafin dasa shuki, muna duba tsaba don dacewa. Dabbobi daban-daban suna kiyaye juna. Soka su a cikin wani bayani mai haske na potassium permanganate. Sau da yawa motsawa don haka matattu tsaba zai taso kan ruwa, yayin da tsaba mai kyau zai nutse zuwa kasa.

Menene ya kamata yanayin ajiya?

• Kula da tsaba a cikin duhu, rashin danshi, wuri, yana da kyau a cikin jaka na masana'anta auduga. Kwandon katako suna dacewa.
• Yana da wuya yiwuwa a yi amfani da jakar filastik da kwantena na filastik. A wannan yanayin, adadin iska mai amfani da ake bukata da tsaba zai zama ƙananan, wanda zai taimaka wajen bayyana nauyin mold.
• Tsarin yanayi na adana ma'aunin hatsi shine 10-11%, yawan zafin jiki shine 10-12 ° C.
• Zaka iya kiyaye su daga 2 zuwa 4 shekaru.
• Sau ɗaya a wata muna iska da tsaba, kawai bude akwatin kuma girgiza.

Yadda za a yi amfani da shi a nan gaba?

Bugu da ƙari, damar da za ta bunkasa amfanin gona, ana iya amfani da kwayoyin karas don magance cututtuka da yawa, saboda abun ciki na mai muhimmanci. Tare da contraindications, yi hankali da tuntuɓi wani gwani.

Biyan shawarwarinmu daga shekara zuwa shekara, zai zama sauƙi a gare ka ka shiga cikin waɗannan matakai kuma zaka fara samun girbi mai kyau.