"Tuscany" wani kirki ne mai dadi kuma mai ban sha'awa. Ana iya girma a ƙasa daban-daban, iri-iri yana dacewa da gonaki na gonaki, gonaki da manyan masana'antu.
Tsire-tsire suna da tsayayya ga cututtuka da kwari, jure yanayin yanayin yanayin, kuma nauyin ba ya da tsayi na tsawon lokaci.
Za'a iya samun cikakken bayani game da iri-iri, da siffofinsa da kuma kayan aikin namo a cikin labarinmu.
Asalin
Daban iri iri "Tuscany" na Jamusanci shayarwa. Mai samo asali ne Solana, wani kamfani wanda ke kwarewa wajen samar da kayan lambu mai matukar farin ciki.
Ana ba da shawarar ga masana'antu ko namo mai son, tubers za a iya dasa a kan kowane ƙasaa cikin yankunan da ke da matsananciyar yanayi na duniya. Dankali ya dace da sayarwa, samar da samfurori da aka ƙaddara (fries da aka daskare, miya-haɗi, kwakwalwan kwamfuta).
Tuscany Dankali: bayanin iri-iri da hoto
| Sunan suna | Tuscany |
| Babban halayen | high yawan amfanin ƙasa tebur iri-iri |
| Gestation lokacin | 70-90 days |
| Aminiya abun ciki | 12-14% |
| Mass na kasuwanci tubers | 90-125gr |
| Yawan tubers a cikin daji | 7-11 |
| Yawo | 210-400 centers / ha |
| Kayan amfani | dandano mai kyau, jiki bazai yi duhu ba a lokacin da sliced, mai rauni mai rauni |
| Abubuwan da suka faru | 93% |
| Skin launi | rawaya |
| Pulp launi | rawaya |
| Yankuna da suka fi so | wani |
| Cutar juriya | da iri-iri suna da tsayayya ga nematode, ciwon daji, scab, blackleg, rhizoctoniosis, matsakaiciyar resistant ga marigayi blight da tuber flora |
| Fasali na girma | sprouting tubers kafin dasa ba da ake bukata, watering ne kyawawa a cikin kakar rani |
| Originator | Solana (Jamus) |
Tuscany - iri-iri masu girma iri-iri masu girma. Yawan shayarwa - 70-90 days.
Yawan aiki ya dogara da yanayin yanayin zafi da darajar ƙasa, yana da nisa daga 210 zuwa 400 na tsakiya a kowace hectare. Matsayi mai mahimmanci mai yawa - 460 centers a kowace hectare. Dankali yayi kyau da kyau, za a iya rushe tubers na farko a tsakiyar lokacin rani, amma girbi na farko ya kamata a dakatar da shi zuwa ƙarshen kakar girma.
Teburin da ke ƙasa ya nuna don kwatanta yawan amfanin gonar dankali tare da sharuɗɗa iri-iri:
| Sunan suna | Yawo |
| Tuscany | 210-400 centers / ha |
| Rocco | 350-600 c / ha |
| Nikulinsky | 170-410 c / ha |
| Red lady | 160-340 c / ha |
| Uladar | 350-700 c / ha |
| Sarauniya Anne | 100-500 c / ha |
| Elmundo | 245-510 c / ha |
| Asterix | 130-270 c / ha |
| Slavyanka | 180-330 c / ha |
| Picasso | 200-500 c / ha |
An kiyaye asalin girbi, bisa ga bayanan sirri, kiyaye adadin ya kai 93%. A lokacin ajiya, tubers ba su rasa halayen kasuwancin su ba; Zai yiwu yiwuwar tafiya mai tsawo.
Kara karantawa game da abin da kalmomin da zafin jiki na ajiyar dankali, abin da matsalolin zasu iya tashi. Har ila yau, yadda za a adana amfanin gona a cikin hunturu, a kan baranda, a cikin zane, a firiji da kuma peeled.
A cikin teburin da ke ƙasa, don kwatanta, mun ba da bayani game da irin wadannan halaye na sauran nau'in dankalin turawa kamar yadda ake yin tuber kasuwanci da kuma kiyaye inganci:
| Sunan suna | Mass of kayayyaki tubers (grams) | Abubuwan da suka faru |
| Tuscany | 90-125 | 93% |
| Innovator | 100-150 | 95% |
| Labella | 180-350 | 98% |
| Bellarosa | 120-200 | 95% |
| Riviera | 100-180 | 94% |
| Gala | 100-140 | 85-90% |
| Lorch | 90-120 | 96% |
| Lemongrass | 75-150 | 90% |
Bushes na matsakaici matsakaici, tare da matsakaici sprawling rassan da kuma yawan samuwar kore salla. Ƙananan suna da tsaka-tsalle, duhu mai duhu, tare da raƙuman gefuna kuma a fili an gano su. Ƙaramar Corollas, an tattara daga manyan, hanzari ya fado da furen furanni. Berries suna da ƙasa.
Tsarin tsari ya bunƙasa, yana samuwa a ƙarƙashin kowane daji 7-11 manyan dankali. Yawan nauyin abin da ba shi da kariya ba shi da kadan.
Tsarin kulawa yana da sauki. An bada shawarar yin dankali don a yaduwa da kuma bi da shi tare da mai girma stimulator, kasar gona tana tsabtace shi, tsabtace ƙazantaccen abu, haɗe da humus ko itace ash. Sau biyu a lokacin dasa kakar, spud, yayin da cire weeds. Don hana bayyanar su a nan gaba za su taimaki mulching.
A lokacin rani, ana bada shawarar bada ruwa, hakan yana ƙaruwa sosai. Zai yiwu a ciyar da sau ɗaya tare da cikakken ma'adinai na ma'adinai ko kwayoyin halitta.
Yin ciyar da dankalin turawa a hankali a daidai lokacin da ya dace yana iya rinjayar yawan amfanin ƙasa.Kara karantawa game da yadda ake ciyar da dankali, lokacin da yadda za a yi amfani da taki, yadda za a yi shi lokacin dasa.
Dabbobi iri iri ne na maganin cututtukan dankalin Turawa, ciwon sukari na cystocephalous na zinariya, na yau da kullum, rhizoctoniosis, tuber rot, black leg. Tsarin tsire-tsire na blight na tubers da ganye yana da matsakaici.
Ƙarfi da raunana
Daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke cikin nau'o'in:
- kyakkyawan dandano na cikakke tubers;
- juriya ga lalacewa ta injuna;
- rashin amfani;
- haƙuri ga yanayin matsayi;
- rashin haƙuri;
- gajeren lokacin hutawa;
- Kyakkyawan amfanin ƙasa;
- juriya ga cututtuka na yau da kullum.
Halaye na tushen
- tubers ne manyan, yin la'akari daga 90 zuwa 125 g;
- siffar zagaye na fata;
- kayan lambu na kayan lambu suna da kyau, masu kyau, masu hada kai cikin siffar da girman;
- kwasfa shine rawaya mai launin rawaya, mai launin fata, ƙananan bakin ciki, santsi;
- idanu ba da kyau, m, kaɗan, ba a shafa ba;
- da ɓangaren litattafan almara a kan yanke shi ne rawaya ko rawaya haske;
- abun ciki na sitaci yana da ƙasa, daga 12 zuwa 14%;
- abu mai bushe abun ciki 19%;
- high abun ciki na gina jiki, bitamin, beta carotene.
Dankali yana da dandano mai dadi, ba ma bushe ba kuma ruwa. Tubers lokacin da yankan bazai yi duhu ba, a lokacin dafa ba sa tafasa mai laushi, ajiye wani kyakkyawan launi mai haske. Za a iya burodi dankali, a soyayyensa, a dafa, a dafa shi, ya dace da yin dankali. Ana iya amfani dashi don dalilai na masana'antu, kayan lambu na kayan lambu suyi amfani da kayan kwakwalwan kwamfuta, kayan daskararre ko daskararren dankali.
Hotuna
Muna ba ka damar fahimtar dankalin turawa "Tuscany" a cikin hoto:
Fasali na girma
Dankali ba shi da kyau don kulawa kuma baya buƙatar dabarun aikin noma na musamman. Kasashen da suka fi dacewa sun fi kyau, amma dasa shuki a cikin nauyin loam yana yiwuwa. A wannan yanayin, dole ne a hadu da ƙasa tare da humus, kuma a cikin ci gaban girma don ciyar da shuka tare da ma'adinai mai mahimmanci.
Ana gudanar da sakawa a cikin ƙasa mai zafi, daidai lokaci ya dogara da yankin. Dole a yi watsi da ƙasa sosai, da tsire-tsire suna nesa da 30 cm daga juna, tare da tsalle-tsalle 60 cm. Zurfin ƙasa ne, ba fiye da 10 cm ba.
Dankali mai dadi-aunaYana da kyau a yi la'akari da tsarin rudun ruwa. Idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, dasa shuki a kalla sau 2 a kowace kakar tare da yaduwar ƙasa ta 50 cm Don kula da matakin zafi mai kyau, ana bada shawara don ƙaddara layuka tsakanin rassan ko ciyawa.
Babban muhimmin mahimmanci na kulawa - tsawan tsawa tare da samuwar hawan tsaunuka.Karanta yadda za a samar da shi, ta yaya za a yi shi da hannu da kuma mai haɗin tafiya a bayan baya, shin wajibi ne a gina tsire-tsire a kowane lokaci kuma zai yiwu ya sami amfanin gona mai kyau ba tare da noma ba?
Ana ba da shawarar yin shuka don ciyar da sau ɗaya tare da kwayoyin halitta ko ma'adinai na ma'adinai. Ba za a iya amfani da ƙwayoyin maganin Nitrogen-dauke da ƙwayoyin cuta ba, tubers zasu zama kananan da ƙananan. Yi amfani dashi da haɓakawa na sama tare da wani bayani mai mahimmanci na superphosphate. An shuka shrubs kwanaki 10 kafin girbi.
Akwai hanyoyi masu yawa don shuka dankali. Mun shirya maka mai yawa bayanai masu ban sha'awa game da wannan batu. Karanta game da fasahar Holland da samun amfanin gona ba tare da weeding da hilling, game da girma iri iri da kuma yadda za a juya wannan kasuwanci a cikin wani riba kasuwanci. Kuma game da yadda za a shuka dankali daga zuriya, a karkashin bambaro, a cikin ganga, a cikin jaka, a cikin kwalaye.
Cututtuka da kwari
Late Blight
Don yin rigakafin dasa shuki yana bada shawara don yaduwa da magunguna-dauke da kwayoyi. Gabatar da itace ash a cikin ƙasa a lokacin dasa zai taimaka hana bayyanar tushen rot ko blackleg.
Karanta kuma game da Alternaria, fusarium da verticillous wilting dankali.
Amma ga kwari, babban barazana ga dasa shi ne wakilcin Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro da larvae, wireworms, bears, moths. A kan shafin yanar gizon zamu sami bayanai da yawa game da wannan batu:
- Yadda za a magance Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro: mutãne magunguna da sunadarai.
- Yadda za a rabu da waya a cikin gonar.
- Shirye-shirye don ƙwayar dankalin turawa: part 1 da sashi 2.
- Yadda za a magance Medvedka tare da taimakon sunadarai da magunguna.
Kwayoyin kwastan masana'antu suna taimakawa daga kwari. Kare dasa daga wireworm kuma za a iya bi da shi da tubers, disinfecting kasar gona kafin dasa. Lokacin girbi, yana da muhimmanci a zabi dukkanin tubers daga ƙasa wanda zai iya zama ƙasa mai kiwo don larvae.
Tsara "Tuscany" - A babban zabi ga masoya na high quality dankali na kasashen waje kiwo. A suna na kamfanin tabbatar da yawan amfanin ƙasa, mai kyau dandano da kuma m bayyanar tubers. Bushes suna da tsayayya ga cututtuka, bazai buƙatar kulawa da jin dadi ba, daidai ne da tushe a kowace ƙasa.
Har ila yau, muna ba ku wasu nau'in dankali da wasu nau'ikan sha'ani:
| Late-ripening | Matsakaici da wuri | Tsakiyar marigayi |
| Picasso | Black Prince | Blueness |
| Ivan da Marya | Nevsky | Lorch |
| Rocco | Darling | Ryabinushka |
| Slavyanka | Ubangijin maƙaryata | Nevsky |
| Kiwi | Ramos | Ƙarfin zuciya |
| Cardinal | Taisiya | Beauty |
| Asterix | Lapot | Milady | Nikulinsky | Caprice | Vector | Dolphin | Svitanok Kiev | A uwar gida | Sifra | Jelly | Ramona |
