Muna girma dankali Zhuravinka: halaye da bayanin irin nau'o'in, hoto

Zhuravinka dankali da aka kiyasta ta hanyar manoma da masu zaman kansu farmsteads.

Wannan iri-iri ne sananne don yawan amfanin ƙasa da tsayayya da cututtuka na amfanin gona. Dankali ya ba ka damar samun yawan amfanin ƙasa tare da kulawa kadan.

A cikin wannan labarin za mu gaya maka dalla-dalla game da wannan iri-iri iri-iri. Bayani da halaye, musamman ma agrotechnics da kuma yiwuwar cutar, kazalika da sauran bayanai masu ban sha'awa.

Zhuravinka dankali: bayanin iri-iri

Zhuravinka tana nufin matsakaici-tsaka-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, lokaci daga dasa shuki da shuka zuwa girbi shine daga 80 zuwa 100 days. Gel dan dankali yana da matsanancin kauri, ana fentin shi a cikin launi mai launi. Ana iya ganin nauyin sakonni tare da taimako mai sauƙi a farfajiya na tubers, amma ga ƙwayar karamar ƙwayar abin kwaikwaya zai iya zama mai rauni ƙwarai.

Eyes a kan surface na tuber rarraba a kowane lokaci. Hasken haske daga tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna kewaye da su, an rufe su da ƙananan firam. Yawancin harbe ne ƙananan. Girman siffar shine zagaye (ovoid) ko m. Dankali zai kai tsawon 7-10 cm. A cikin gida ɗaya, a matsayin mai mulkin, akwai daga 14 zuwa 18 dankali, amma wani lokaci lambar su ta kai 25.

Nauyin tuber ya kai 90-160 grams. Waɗannan su ne tsarin kasuwanci, amma ƙananan 'ya'yan itatuwa na iya zama a cikin gida. Hadin marmari a cikin kayan lambu mai tushe daga 14 zuwa 19%. Naman dankalin turawa yana da launin launi mai haske. Ana iya bambanta ɓangaren litattafan (matsakaici zuwa mai kyau). Yanke ɓangaren litattafan almara na ɓoye ba ya yi duhu daga daukan hotuna zuwa iska.

Don kwatanta tsarin sitaci a cikin tubers Zhuravinki tare da wasu nau'ikan, zaka iya amfani da bayanan a cikin tebur da ke ƙasa:

Ƙasa ɓangaren shuka yana da tsawo (tsawo zuwa 50 cm), harbe ya shimfiɗa sosai, amma ana iya ƙuƙasa daga tsakiyar daji. Tsarin ya kai ga kauri na 0.6-1 cm, ganyayyaki na tsire-tsire suna zagaye, mai yawa, ana fentin su a cikin launi mai duhu. A gefuna na ganye suna raye, kuma babban ɓangaren ganye yana da duhu. Harbe, bayyanar daga ƙasa na 12-25 days bayan dasa, girma da sauri da kuma a ko'ina.

Tsirancin gonar dankalin turawa ya bayyana a ƙarshen Yuni, suna da ƙananan girman kuma sun kunshi 5-6 m-purple ko furen furanni. Berries dankalin turawa iri-iri Zhuravinka da wuya. Darajar wannan aji shine 96%..

Tare da kiyaye ingancin wasu nau'o'in ka iya gani a teburin da ke ƙasa:

Hotuna

Dubi hoto: dankalin turawa Zhuravinka

Halaye

Zhuravinka ya ba da shawara ga noma a tsakiyar Rasha (a cikin Volga-Vyatka, Arewacin Yamma da Tsakiya na tattalin arziki na kasar). Yanayin yanayi na wadannan yankuna sun kama da na Belarus.

Yawan yawan amfanin gona ya dogara da yanayin yanayi, abun da ke ciki na kasar gona, shayarwar ƙasa, gaban taki a cikin ƙasa da ingancin kayan abu. Bisa ga shawarwarin masu shayarwa zaka iya zuwa 75 ko fiye kilogram na tubers daga mita 10 square (ko 630-640 kilo da hectare). Wannan dankalin turawa yana da kyau adana shi a cikin cellar duk hunturu.

Karanta duk game da lokaci, wuri da zazzabi na ajiya, game da matsaloli masu yiwuwa.

Game da wane yanayi ne aka halitta lokacin da aka adana shi a cikin ɗakunan kayan lambu da kuma yadda za a yi a cikin ɗakin, a kan baranda, a cikin kwalaye, a cikin firiji kuma a cikin takalma.

Ku ɗanɗani

Zhuravinka sananne ne saboda babban dandano. An bada shawarar yin amfani dashi don yin furanni dankalin turawa. Irin wannan dankali ne mai kyau don dafa abinci daban-daban da kuma dankali.

Kara karantawa game da dukiyar dankali: shin zai yiwu ya ci shi mai kyau kuma ya sha ruwan 'ya'yan itace, dalilin da ya sa ya ci kumfa da abin da ke hadarin gaske.

Ƙasar kiwo da shekara ta rajista

Kwararrun Belarusiya sun shayar da ƙwayar Zhuravinka fiye da shekaru goma da suka wuce, a Cibiyar Nazarin da Cibiyar Nazarin Cibiyar Ilimin Kimiyya na Belarus don dankalin turawa da 'ya'yan itace da kayan lambu. Yawan iri-iri ne da aka ba da izini, kuma tun a shekara ta 2005, Zhuravinka ya shiga cikin takardun noma na kasar Rasha.

Fasali na girma

Wannan iri-iri yana buƙatar matsakaici watering (ba ya jure wa fari da matsanancin laima). A lokacin fari, ɓangaren ɓangaren tsire-tsire ya rasa rassansa. A high zafi a kan mai tushe da kuma tushen iya bayyana marigayi Blight.

Muhimmiyar: Zhuravinka dankali girma cikin talauci a cikin kasa da ke cike da nitrogen.

Gaba ɗaya, wannan iri-iri ba daidai ba ne ga abun da ke ciki na ƙasa.. Ƙasa kafin dasa ya kamata a kwance, kuma granules na ƙasa suna da kananan da matsakaiciyar size (0.5-2.5 cm). Wannan gonar lambu ne na kowa, wanda aka haɗa da kwayoyin halitta. A cikin ƙasa za ku iya yin takin gargajiya na wucin gadi da aka yi nufi don shuka plantation.

Ƙara karin bayani game da yadda za a ciyar da dankali, lokacin da yadda za a yi amfani da takin mai magani, wanda shine mafi kyau kuma me yasa ake bukata kayan shuka ma'adinai.

Kuma kuma yadda za a takin dankali lokacin dasa.

Tsayayyar rashin lalacewa ga tuber a Zhuravinki yana da kyau. Tushen amfanin gona da sauri ya warkar da raunuka.

Shuka dankali ba za a iya dasa shi sosai ba. Sabili da haka, nesa da aka ba da shawara a tsakanin layuka daga 70 zuwa 80 cm, kuma nisa tsakanin rassan ya kamata ba kasa da 20-25 cm zurfin dasa ya danganta da abun da ke cikin ƙasa. A cikin ƙasa na tuber da aka dasa a zurfin 6-7 cm, kuma idan kasar gona ta ƙunshi mai yawa yashi - zuwa zurfin 10 cm.

Dangane da yankin, lokuttan saukowa da shawarar sun canza. A cikin latin Moscow da arewacin babban birnin kasar, ana gudanar da tuddai a tsakiyar watan Mayu, a yankunan kudancin tsakiyar Rasha - a cikin watan Afrilu, ko farkon watan Mayu.

Ƙarin hanyoyin hanyoyin agrotechnical sune misali - hilling, watering, mulching.

Ƙara karin bayani game da ko tsawan dutse wajibi ne don dankali, yadda za a yi shi da kuma yadda za a yi shi daidai ta hannu da taimakon taimakon mai tafiya a baya. Har ila yau, ko wani girbi mai kyau zai yiwu ba tare da weeding da hilling ba.

Kwarewar shekaru goma na bunkasa wannan iri-iri a Rasha ya nuna cewa Zhuravinka ya yarda da ƙananan ƙananan (digiri bakwai da Celsius) da kuma matsanancin yanayin iska (36-38 digiri Celsius).

Cututtuka da kwari

Zhuravinka yana da tsayayya ga scab da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta X, M da S. Wannan dankalin turawa yana da nasaba da cututtukan ƙwayar fata, da nematode dankalin turawa, da kuma samfurori na yau da kullum na ciwon daji.

Tsarin zai iya shawo kan marigayi. Wannan cututtukan ne ke haifar da ƙananan microorganisms da ke tasowa a cikin yanayi mai dadi. Ƙarin ya shafi, zuwa ƙananan ƙara - tushen tsarin da tubers. Amma a gaba ɗaya, wannan nau'in ya fi tsayayya ga ƙarshen blight fiye da sauran mutane.

Hanyoyin da ke nunawa suna nuna tsayayya ga rhizoctoniosis da L da Y. Ƙwayar cutar hoto ta haifar da lalata, rawaya, karkatacciyar ganye, da kuma juyawa da mutuwar asalinsu. Karanta kuma game da Alternaria, Fusarium da Verticillis.

Kwayar da ta fi kowa shine Colorado dankalin turawa, ƙuƙwalwar ƙwayarta, wadda ta ci gaba a kan ganye da ganye da sauri da sauri. Har ila yau hatsari na dasa shuki zai iya zama bears, tsirrai, tsire-tsire na dankalin turawa, cicadas, moths da aphids. Game da waɗannan daga cikin wadannan kwari za ku sami cikakkun bayanai akan shafin yanar gizon mu.

Zhuravinka a kowace shekara ya zama mai karfin gaske saboda kwarewarsa da kuma dandano. Wannan dankalin turawa ba wuya a yi girma ba, tare da kyakkyawan watering, yana bada tabbacin yawan amfanin ƙasa.

Akwai hanyoyi masu yawa don shuka dankali. Mun shirya jerin labarai game da wannan batu. Karanta duk game da fasaha na Dutch da kuma noma iri iri, game da abin da kasashe ke fi girma da wannan kayan lambu da kuma yadda za a juya wannan sana'a a cikin kasuwanci. Kuma duk game da hanyoyin madaidaiciya: a ƙarƙashin bambaro, cikin jaka, a cikin ganga, a cikin kwalaye.

Da ke ƙasa a cikin tebur za ku sami hanyoyi zuwa abubuwan da ke kan dankalin turawa iri iri a lokuta daban-daban: