Ta yaya za a ba da kulawa mai kyau ga begonia Elatior a gida? Tips don girma da tsire-tsire tsire-tsire

Begonia Elatior (flowering) - mafi yawan abin da aka fi so da irin furanni. Wannan nau'in nau'i ne, wanda aka yi da godiya ga hayewar Socotransky begonia da tuberous.

Sakamakon haka shine ban mamaki mai ban mamaki: furanni mai haske a kan tsummuna koren ganye - ya dubi m da ban mamaki.

Da ke ƙasa akwai hotuna na begonias na Elatior, wanda, a zahiri, zai iya nuna duk wani kyakkyawan kyau na alherin wannan furen, kuma ya koyi yadda za'a kula da shuka.

Bayanin Botanical da Hoton

Begonia Elatior wakili ne na rukunin hunturu na hybrids Hiemalis. Ƙarshe mai banƙyama, amma wani lokacin girma a matsayin tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara da aka jefa bayan flowering.

Matsakaicin iyakar furen yana da arba'in arba'in. Yarda kafa kuma lokacin farin ciki, launi mai launi. Begonia ganye su ne ƙananan; zuciya-dimbin yawa, haske mai launi mai haske da haske mai haske. Furen tsire-tsire suna da manyan, suna kai biyar santimita a diamita. Petals ne talakawa ko terry, wasu lokuta ana yi wa ado a gefuna tare da fente.

Wannan shine abin da Begonia Elatior yayi kama da:

Tarihin

An gano Begonia a karo na farko ta hanyar Charles Plume (shi ne a karni na sha bakwai), ya kasance memba ne na tafiya zuwa Antilles. A cikin duka, sun sami iri shida na wannan shuka. Plumier ya ba da sunan fure a matsayin darajar gwamnan tsibirin, wanda abokin abokinsa Michel Begon ne.

Yanayin tsarewa

Haskewa

Ko da yake wannan kyakkyawa na ƙaunar haske mafi kyau, yana da kyau don kiyaye ta daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Don girma Elatioor a kan windowsill, kana buƙatar windows don fuskantar yammacin yamma da gabas. Idan ka saka begonia a kudancin gefen, to zai yi girma tare da kananan furanni.

Air zazzabi da zafi

Domin matasan suyi girma da furanni na dogon lokaci, dole a rike su a dakin dumi da zafin jiki na 18-20 Celsius. Idan zazzabi a cikin dakin da ke cikin ƙasa, to, begonia zai daina girma da sauke buds. Ba shi yiwuwa a shuka furen a cikin ƙananan zazzabi, in ba haka ba zai fara canza tushen sa ko tushe. Saboda wannan dalili, zafin jiki saukad da kuma ana kwantar da hanyoyi a cikin shuka.

Begonia Elatior yana buƙatar gaske a kan zafi da iska, duk da haka, ba za a yada shi ba. Don ƙara yawan zafi a kusa da shuka, zaka iya sanya tukunya a kan tire wanda yake cike da ganga, yumbu mai yumbu ko peat.

Halin fasali

Begonia ya kamata a dasa shi a cikin kwalliya, numfashi mai cin gashin kanta da kuma ƙasa mai laushi (a cikin cakuda ƙasa na peat, humus da yashi). Filashin furanni dole ne ya zama karami, tushensa yana da matukar damuwa kuma yana da wanda ba'a so ya maye gurbin shi sau da yawa.

Zai yiwu a sake shuka furanni kawai bayan ƙarshen lokacin hunturu. Kafin dasa shuki ya wajibi ne don girgiza tushen tushen shuka daga ƙasa kuma sanya shi cikin wani bayani mai rauni na potassium permanganate na awa daya. Idan injin yana da raunin ruɓaɓɓu, sun buƙatar cire su.

Dole sabon tukunya ya zama santimita uku fiye da baya. Kasar gona don dasawa dole ne sako-sako da kuma gina jiki don riƙe da ruwa mai kyau, amma a lokaci guda bushe sosai. Kuna iya shirya adadin ƙasa tare da kansa.

Don haka zaka buƙaci:

• ƙasar ƙasa;
• greenhouse humus;
• leaf humus.

Duk waɗannan abubuwan da aka gyara suna bukatar a haɗu da su daidai daidai. Gishiri mai yashi ya kamata a kara da ƙasa a shirye don dasawa na begonia. ko perlite.

Kulawa na gida

Watering

Elatio begonia za a iya shayarwa kawai bayan da ɗakin ɗakin ya bushe (akalla zuwa tsakiya). Watering ya zama matsakaici, kada ku shafe shi da ruwa - fure ba ta yarda dampness ba. Babu tukunyar, ko a cikin kwanon rufi bai kamata ya damu ba, in ba haka ba mai tushe na shuka zai fara farawa. Zai fi kyau kada ku ƙara ruwa fiye da zuba; babu wani abu daga ƙaramin ruwa a cikin begonia, amma ambaliya za ta kasance da mummunan sakamako.

Top dressing

Feed Elatio yana bukatar sosai a hankali. Don ciyarwa, kawai ana amfani da ma'adinai na musamman masu amfani da takin mai magani. Ba'a so a yi amfani da kayan ado, saboda yawan amfani da kwayoyin nitrogen za su sa furen mai tushe mai ruwa, m da tsutsa. Bayan da aka dasa shukin flowering begonias ya bar yawan abin da ake bukata, kuma furanni ba su da kyan gani kamar yadda ya kamata.

Nip

Wannan hanya ta ba ka damar yin ado da kayan ado na fure da kuma ba da wani siffar da nufin (pyramidal, spherical, da sauransu). Yaya za a yad da begonia? Dole ne a gudanar da wannan tsari kafin flowering ko bayan (a cikin kaka ko spring). Kuma kana buƙatar tsunkule kamar wannan:

1. Da farko dai kana buƙatar samun babban ci gaba a kan babban tushe na shuka.
2. Yanzu kana buƙatar ɗauka dashi daya ko biyu.
3. Bayan makonni biyu ko uku, ci gaba da girma na harbe-harbe zai fara.

Yaushe zan iya sake shuka bayanan sayan?

Tsarin tushen begonias yana tasowa sannu a hankali kuma yana daukan lokaci mai tsawo, saboda haka yawancin transplants basu da kyau. Shine lafiya wanda ke da cikakkiyar nasara a cikin tukunya ba a canza shi ba. Har ila yau, wanda ba a ke so ya sake ajiye furen nan da nan bayan saya. Wani banda zai iya zama buƙatar gaggawa don wannan. Ga wasu dalilai masu kyau da ya sa za ku iya sake gina begonia:

• Tushen furen sun yi girma don su kalli ramukan magudanai;
• yellowing na ganye ne lura;
• fungal cututtuka bayyanannu;
• sami kwari a cikin ƙasa;
• tukunya ya fadi cikin raguwa.

Akwai wata hanya don taimakawa wajen fahimtar lokacin da zaka iya sake ajiye furanni. Don yin wannan, riƙe da shuka tare da hannu daya tare da ɗayan kunna tukunya tare da furen ciki. Yanzu kuna buƙatar ɗaukar tukunya a hankali don nuna wani ɗakin ɗakin. Idan an rufe shi da asalinsu, to, lokaci ya yi da shuka shuka.

Matsaloli masu yiwuwa

Kodayake begonia wata shuka ce mai banƙyama, amma cututtuka da kwari suna da wuya a shawo kan su. Duk da haka, kamar yadda yake tare da kowane tsire-tsire na cikin gida, zai iya faruwa irin wannan rashin lafiya kamar cutar ta ganye. Akwai nau'o'in furen iri iri iri:

1. Mealy dew. An rufe ganye da ƙananan siffofi masu haske, wanda ya yi girma da sauri kuma ya rufe fuskarsa duka tare da fata mai tsabta. Sa'an nan kuma takardar ya yi duhu kuma ya bushe.
2. Gishiri mai laushi. A cikin ganyayyaki, ƙananan furanni da furanni suna bayyana launin fata tare da launin toka, wanda sai ya yi duhu, ya zama launin ruwan kasa da damp. Sakamako yayi fashi da karya. Ganye suna rufe manyan ramuka.
3. Kuskuren kwayar cutar. A gefen ganye an rufe shi da ruwa mai laushi, wanda ƙarshe ya yi duhu zuwa launin ruwan kasa; Kwayoyin ganye sun yi duhu.
4. Ƙunshin zobe. An cire ganye a hankali tare da hasken haske da aibobi masu mutu, to, ganye suna ɗaukar tagulla.

Har ila yau, begonia zai iya kai farmaki kan cutar. Ga wadansu nau'o'in kwari da cututtuka na "hanyoyi":

1. Mug ne mai taushi. A lokacin da kamuwa da wannan mummunan abu ne, injin ya raunana kuma ya yi rauni. Ganye na flower brighten da deform, akwai yiwuwar wani hari a cikin nau'i na sukari hatsi.
2. Aphid Ganye ya juya launin rawaya, ƙwayoyin kwari suna bayyane a kan ƙasa (tsayinta ya kai kusan biyu da rabi).
3. Dvukhrylka. Begonia bar juya launin rawaya, kuma a kan ƙananan kwalliya za a iya ganin kwari har zuwa mita daya da rabi tsawo tare da nau'i-nau'i nau'i biyu na fuka-fuki da aka rufe da fari.
4. Thrips. Fure yana da baya a ci gaba. Ganyayyun sun fara ganowa kuma sunyi launin rawaya, suna nuna kwari masu launin ruwan kasa har zuwa rabi da rabi cikin girman da nau'i biyu na fuka-fuki.
5. Gallic nematode - Wutsiya da ke zaune a cikin tushen da ƙananan ƙananan tushe. Yana samar da galls don kwanciya qwai, saboda haka ana kiran shi nematode. Wannan m zai haifar da lalacewa daga tushen tsarin da mutuwar shuka.
6. Lemat nematode. Wannan kututture ba ta da kimanin millimita ba tsawon lokaci, amma mummunar cutar daga ƙasa ba ta da ƙasa. A kayar da kwayar nematode, harbe yayi girma da lanƙwasa, sa'annan hasken haske ya bayyana akan ganye.

Idan kana so ka sake cika kundin tsire-tsire na cikin gida tare da irin wannan misali kamar begonia, to kana bukatar ka kasance a shirye don kulawa sosai da kuma kulawa da dukan abubuwan da ke cikin muhallin kyawawan kyakkyawa kuma ka lura da yadda ya dace. Amma waɗannan ƙoƙarin ba su da banza, saboda saboda kulawa da kanka za ta yi farin ciki tare da furen furanni na furanni mai ban sha'awa.