Sisolina begonia - ornamental herbaceous shuka na zuwa jinsin Begonian. Al'adu yafi girma kamar ampelnaya.
Gida a cikin gine-gine da kuma gine-ginen ofis, a cikin lambun hunturu a cikin tukwane ko tukunyar da aka rataye. Begonia - kyawawan furanni na cikin gida. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, zai yi tsawo na tsawon lokaci da kuma furotin.
Ƙarin bayani game da tarihin da halaye na wannan shuka, game da yadda ake shuka da kula, da kuma yiwuwar cututtuka da kwari a cikin labarinmu.
Tarihin da bayanin hoto na botanical
A lokacin da ake ba da ilimin kimiyya ga Antilles, wani dan Faransa da dangidansa, Charles Plumier, ya fara gano begonia. Sunan shuka ya kasance da daraja ga Michel Begone, mai shirya shiri.
Sisolina begonia - perennial shrub tare da perennial harbe. Ganyayyaki suna da girma da haske, ovate-oblong, aka nuna a sama. Kwayar jinsi daya-jima'i da diamita har zuwa rabi da rabi. Ana samuwa a cikin kungiyoyi. Tsarin furanni: rani, kaka da hunturu.
Bayyanar da fasali
Matsakaicin jigon gashi na tsawon 12 cm na halayyar begonias.Ta launi ne mai haske (bluish) a gefe ɗaya kuma mai laushi a daya.
Ayyukan:
- Ana tattara furanni a cikin ragowar raguwa.
- Ƙwallon furanni: daga haske mai ja zuwa murjani mai launin murjani.
- Matsaran ruwa mai laushi.
Yardawa begonia ya bada shawarar a girma cikin gida cikin kwanduna ko tukwane. A shuka ne sauƙin propagated kara kara cuttings.
Yadda za a shuka?
Haske da wuri
Sisolina begonias yana bukatar haske mai haske.
Hankali! Ba za a iya ajiye fure a cikin rana ba. Ganye ya ƙone.
Don toshe hasken rana kai tsaye, inuwa ta shafe tare da gauze, zane ko makamai. A cikin sanyi, an nuna al'adu zuwa wuri mai duhu don ɗan gajeren lokaci da safe da maraice.
Sanya ajiyar furanni, zai fi dacewa a gabas da kudu-west window-sills. Ba da izinin shading mai karfi ba zai iya ba. Ganye zai fara juya rawaya.
Bukatun Nasa
Cakuda mai yalwa don begonias ya kamata ya kasance mai gina jiki da kuma sako-sako. Za'a iya sayan kayan noma don dasa shuki ko yin shi da kanka.
Kyakkyawar abun da ke ciki na kasar gona:
- yashi - 1 sashi;
- ganye ƙasa - 2 sassa;
- Peat - 2 sassa;
- turf - 2 sassa;
- humus ƙasa - 4 sassa.
Ga manyan abubuwan da za ku iya ƙara ƙaramin ƙasa. Matsakaici don begonias ya zama dan kadan acidic ko tsaka tsaki.
Ƙarfi
Wurin da aka zaba ba shi da mummunan ba, amma yana da fadi. Abubuwa ba kome ba: yumbu, filastik ko kayan shafa. Wajibi ne a yi amfani da ramuka a kasa.
Yadda za a shuka?
Shuka tsaba da aka gudanar a cikin watan Fabarairu. Ƙarshe - tsakiyar watan Maris. Ana yin shuka a cikin kwalaye iri.
Hanyar:
- Ana dasa kayan abu a cikin shirye-shiryen da aka shirya, dan dan kadan cikin ƙasa. Foda a saman ba lallai ba ne.
- Rubutun saman da filastik ko gilashi.
- Ana sanya akwatuna da seedlings a cikin ɗaki mai daɗaɗɗen da yawan zazzabi na + 20-24 digiri.
Shoots zai bayyana a game da kwanaki 10-20. Naman kaji bayan da kwanaki 30-45 a cikin tukwane.
Kula
Temperatuur da zafi
Ga begonia na launi mai tsabta, tsarin zafin jiki ya zama matsakaici: game da Celsius 18-20 digiri.
Ƙananan dabi'u ga lokacin hunturu ba kasa da digiri +15 ba.
Sisole begonias - masoyan iska. Don kula da matsanancin matakin zafi a kai a kai yana shayar da iska a kusa da tsire-tsire. Labaro bai kamata ya fada akan ganye ba.
A cikin dakin inda ake samu begonias, ana samun matsanancin zafi cikin 60%.
A cikin zafi, suna samar da karin ingancin: an sanya furanni a cikin manyan tudun cike da yashi, peat, ko moss rigar. Al'adu na bukatar iska mai kyau, don haka dakin ya kamata a kwashe shi. A irin wannan yanayi, ci gaban begonias ya inganta.
Watering
Watering a kai a kai, zai fi dacewa a lokaci guda. A lokacin rani suna moisturize da yawa, a cikin hunturu yana da matsakaici - bisa ga ma'aunin bushewa na kasan saman ƙasa. Bayan an sake shigarwa ba a yarda - furen zai iya yin launin toka.
Watering dokoki:
- Tabbatar cewa ruwa yana fitowa daga ramukan tsawa.
- Ku guje wa danshi a cikin ganyayyaki. Ƙungiyar Brown zai iya samuwa a kansu.
- Ruwan ruwa don ban ruwa ya zaba: Boiled ko tace.
- Ya kamata ruwa ya kasance a dakin da zafin jiki.
Begonias ba za a iya tsaftace shi da ruwan sanyi ba.
Taki
Ciyar da mahaukaci begonia sosai a hankali. Daidaitaccen tsari sun dace da amfanin gonar ta.
Features ciyar:
- Tasa 1 lokaci a kowace wata.
- A lokacin hutawa (a cikin hunturu) ciyar da ake bukata.
- A cikin bazara don takin a lokacin tsawon girma tare da abubuwa dauke da phosphorus da potassium.
- Sau biyu a shekara zaka iya yin kwayoyin halitta.
Hankali! Ba za a iya amfani dasu bazolistnoy begonia ciyar da abun ciki na nitrogen. Wadannan mahaukaci suna haifar da karuwa a cikin ci gaban ganye da kuma maye gurbin ɓawon ƙwaya.
Cututtuka da kwari
Cututtuka na kowa
Saboda rashin kula da dokokin kulawa, begonia zai iya yin rashin lafiya. A lokacin da yake girma da amfanin gona, masu shuka furanni suna fuskantar matsaloli masu yawa:
- Gwanayen ganye sun juya launin ruwan kasa kuma sun fada. Dalili: rashin iska mai zafi da rashin ruwa a kasa.
Jiyya: don tabbatar da zafi a daidai matakin da kuma daidaita watering.
- Gilashin launi yana kullun saboda rashin haske.
Maganin matsalar: motsa shuka zuwa wuri mai kyau.
- Samun naman gwari a sakamakon sakamako mai zurfi a cikin yanayin yanayin zafi.
Jiyya: cire wuraren da aka shafa kuma ku bi da furen tare da furotin.
- Maƙarƙashiya mai yalwa shine cuta na kowa na begonias. Bar an rufe farin farin. Dalili - rashin dacewa da iska mai bushewa.
Don magance cutar, ana kula da furen tare da bayani na 1% na colloidal sulfur.
Jarabawa
Sisolina begonias rinjayar gizo-gizo mites, idan dakin ya bushe sosai. Acaricidal jamiái ana amfani da su halakar da m. Ana yin shuki da tsire-tsire a cikin sararin sama ta yadda ya dace da ka'idojin tsaro.
An kawo mummunan al'adun gargajiya da kuma aphid. Magungunan mutane zai taimaka wajen kawar da kwayar cutar: dagewa kan maganin taba a lokacin rana kuma bi da wuraren kwari. An shirya abun da ke ciki a cikin kashi 20 grams na shag da lita na ruwa.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Hanyar da ake amfani da shi wajen haifar da lafaran ƙwayoyin cuta mai lalata - grafting kara apical harbe. Don yin wannan, yanke da stalk 7-8 cm tare da biyu ko uku ganye. Ƙananan ya cire rabin rabi. Gidajen yanki sun yayyafa gawayi.
Karin ayyuka:
- An yi rami a cikin tukunya tare da substrate.
- Sanya stalk kuma zurfafa zuwa ga ganye.
- Rubutun farko tare da kwalban filastik.
Bayan wata daya, sabon ganye ya bayyana.
Begonia za a iya girma daga ganye ko sashi daga ciki. Zaɓa mai kyau lafiya leaf da raba shi a cikin dama hannun jari sabõda haka, kowane yana da 2-3 veins. An saka kayan a kan yashi rigar kuma an rufe shi da littafin Cellophane ko polyethylene fim.
Lokacin da samari sun bayyana, suna sane da hankali a cikin iska mai iska, cire murfin. Lokacin da tsire-tsire suke girma, ana shuka su a cikin tukwane.
Bushy begonias haifa rhizomes. Don yin wannan, an cire furen daga cikin tanki, an kwantar da asalin cikin ruwa. Yi hankali a rarraba rhizomes cikin sassa don kowanne yana da sprout ko toho. An yanka da katako tare da mur. An sanya kayan dasawa a cikin tukwane da kuma shayarwa.
Saboda haka, ba wani abu da wuya a yi girma da kuma kula da sizolist begonia. Don furen, hasken wuta yana taka rawar rawa - ya zama mai haske, amma dan kadan ya shaded. Watering samar da matsakaici. Ba a yarda dashi mai hakar ƙasa ba. Hanyar daji za ta yi ado a gidan kuma ta ba da kyakkyawar yanayi, idan kun bi shawarwarin kulawa na sama.
