Rundunar Mai Cutar

Baƙi masu mahimmanci ne don cikawa da yin ado da wuraren da ke da wurin shakatawa. Volumetric bushes daga ƙaramin (har zuwa 15 cm) to gigantic (fiye da 1 m) ana godiya saboda unpretentiousness da launuka iri-iri. Wasu nau'ikan sunyi fure da kyau da kyau kuma suna da ƙanshin ƙarfi.

Rundunar Mai Cutar

Ana iya tantance jin daɗin lafiyar shuka ta hanyar ƙwaryar. A mai masauki, kayan adon sa na iya sha wahala saboda dalilai da yawa:

• matsanancin hasken rana;
• lalacewar sanyi;
• kwari;
• cututtuka.

Lalacewa ta hanyar tabo, rawaya, ganye mai mutuƙar dyingari yakan nuna rashin kulawa da rashin rubutu, rashin kiyaye ka'idodin rukunin kamfanonin fasahar kere kere.

Saukowa runduna daban-daban

A shuka fi son girma a cikin Inuwa da gumi wurare. Ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa masu zanen fili suna kera ƙirar shuka a kusa da tafkunan wucin gadi a cikin lambunan Jafananci. M ganyayyaki na perennial ƙafe da gagarumin adadin ruwa a kan zafi kwanaki, don haka ƙarin ƙarin watering ake bukata.

Domin kada ya haifar da kunar rana a jiki a cikin ganyayyaki, ana aiwatar da ruwa da safe ko bayan faɗuwar rana. Idan danshi ya sauka a saman takardar, sai suka zama ruwan tabarau don hasken rana.

Lambun tsire-tsire a cikin gida mai rani na iya fama da wahalar bazara lokacin da ganyayyaki kawai suke fara ƙyanƙyashe.

Rashin daidaituwa a cikin kulawa ana iya gyara shi cikin sauƙi, idan akwai wasu cututtuka akwai barazanar rasa shuka kuma cutar da sauran tsiron.

Kwayoyin cuta ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri

Kwayoyin cuta masu wahala suna iya sarrafawa; kwari ne, iska, da ƙasa mai kamuwa da cuta. Tsire-tsire suna fara so, a hankali suna girma, a hankali suna mutuwa. A mafi yawan lokuta, ana maye gurbin perennials marasa lafiya.

Kwayar Hosta X

Kwayar cutar Hosta X ta gano ta boan Botanan Amurkawa. Hadarin kwayar cutar kwayar cuta ce. Dankin zai iya girma, ya kasance mai ɗaukar kaya na dogon lokaci, yana harba sauran nau'ikan rundunar masu amfani. Abin sha'awa shine, mai shayarwa ya fara karɓar launi mai launi na tsire-tsire masu rarrafe azaman fasalin ɗan adam. Don haka, wasu samfuran kamuwa da cutar an gano su a matsayin nau'ikan 'yanci (Break Dance, Speckled Fantasy, Pamela Ann, da sauransu).

Rashin nasarar da shuka ke da nasa sakamakon:

• jinkiri cikin girma;
• ƙazantar rai: compaction, thinning, scaly growths (enations), wrinkling, Twisting;
• uncharacteristic don takamaiman fararen launi, discoloration, maras kyau aibobi da ratsi, ganyen mai watsa j turnya launin rawaya;
• m necrosis da mutuwar shuka.

Hanyar gwagwarmaya:

• Dole ne a dasa tsiron da ba shi da lafiya ya lalace;
• rukunin rundunonin da suka yi kusancin kusanci an keɓe su har zuwa shekara guda;
• Yankin da suka samo kamuwa da cuta ya kamata ya zama rigakafin kuma a wani ɗan lokaci ka guji kowane irin abin da ya sauka.

Virus X, saboda wanda yake karbar jujjuya ganye

Kwayar cutar sigari

Aushin wakili na Tuba Rattle cutar (VPT) paras ibugbe a cikin sel kayan lambu da al'adu ornamental (dankali, daffodils). Masu ɗaukarta sune hanyoyin ganye waɗanda ke cutar da mai gidan. Bayyanar cututtukan ƙwayar cuta:

• kamuwa da cuta na wani karamin shuka yana haifar da ci gaba mai rauni;
• lalacewa daga harbe da kuma ganye;
• wanda ba a sani ba don ire-iren wannan jita-jita a cikin ganyayyaki, gano wasu sassan ɓangaren fararen ganye, aibobi necrotic.

Sanadin kamuwa da cuta tare da HPA na iya zama aikin kayan aiki mara magani. Kwayar cutar ta ƙunshi ruwan 'ya'yan itace da' ya'yan ƙabilar cututtukan.

Ganyayyen curl virus

Alamar halayyar cutar ganyayyaki na ganye tana nuna sunan kanta. Cutar ta fito daga kwayar pelargonium, wacce aka samu ta wani nau'in kwayar cutar tumatir. Matsayin lalacewa ya dogara da juriya daga iri-iri zuwa gare ta. A cikin sel da cutar ta kamu da ƙwayar cuta, aikin ci gaban ya rikice, saboda haka, rashin daidaituwa yana bayyana ta alamun waɗannan masu zuwa:

• Fuskar ta lalace, tana kama da jujjuyawar, tana sheki, hawaye suna bayyana;
• spotsanannn taurari masu siffa da aka ƙuntata ta taɓawa ana iya ganin su a haske;
• A wani karshen lokaci, kyallen da ke cikin tutocin suna necrotic kuma suna zubewa.

Lallai ne ka rabu da tsiron da abin ya shafa.

Cututtukan naman gwari

Cututtuka suna haifar da spores na fungi pathogenic. Zai yuwu kuma ya wajaba a yaƙe su, saboda wannan akwai zaɓi na manyan magungunan fungicidal, akwai ƙarni na gwaninta don yin gwagwarmaya tare da taimakon magunguna.

Phyllosticosis

Daga cikin dalilan da yasa mai masaukin ya juya launin rawaya ana kiransa cututtukan fungal phylosticosis. Kuna iya gane cutar ta wadannan alamun:

• ganyen ya zama ya lullube da launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi, tsawon lokaci suna shimfiɗa ƙasa gabaɗaya;
• daga baya spores fungal, mai yawa, samar da plaque;
• yayin kamuwa da cuta, farfajiyar maimako ma sun lalace.

Idan shuka da ƙasa a kusa da ita ba a fara kulawa da su a kan kari, ƙwayar da ta shafa ta bushe da sauri, kyallen da ke tsakiyar tabo ta zube kuma ta samar da ramuka. Don dakatar da cutar, an cire sassan lalacewar shuka. An kula da shuka tare da tsari na kashe-kashe.

Anthracnose

Cutar ta fi yawa a cikin gidajen lambuna. Reswanin fitsari suna girma a ganyen bishiyoyi 'ya'yan itace da amfanin gona. Abinda ke haifar da wakili shine saurin daukar nauyin rundunar rundunar.

Fasalin halayyar:

• aibobi a saman ganyayyaki daga dige-launin ruwan kasa-kasa na iya girma a hankali, cike da farantin duka;
• kyallen takarda da ke cikin datti na lalata da faduwa, wani rami ya zauna akan ganye;
• a ƙarshen mataki na cutar, bushe ganye fada a kashe, barin kawai mai tushe a farfajiya.

Ba shi yiwuwa a warkar da shuka, saboda haka ya rage kawai ya lalace.

Tushen rot

Dalilin da yasa runduna ta juya ganye rawaya na iya zama tushe. Cutar kuma ana kiranta rot din kambi ta hanyar hanyar rarrabuwarta, tunda cutar ta fara kamun ganye.

Tushen rot

Alamomin kamuwa da cuta:

• gefen takardar yana rufe launin rawaya, amma tsarin sa da yawan su iri ɗaya ne;
• A gindin tsohuwar tushe, tushe mai laushi, manyan zanen gado suna fashewa karkashin nauyin kansa;
• a kan bincika hankali, zaku iya samun mycelium na pathogen - farin zaren;
• A ƙarshen mataki, tushen wuyansa an rufe shi da haske launin ruwan hatsi na mycelium, mai kama da ƙarancin ƙananan naman kaza.

Idan mai masaukin ya juya launin rawaya, abin da za a yi a wannan yanayin, don haka kar a firgita da fari. Don kare ta, dole ne:

1. A alamar farko, cire duk ganyen da aka shafa.
2. An dasa shuka, an dasa Tushen da kuma wuyan tushen wuya daga abin da ke lalacewa (ga ƙoshin lafiya).
3. Kafin dasawa iznin bushewa a cikin iska.
4. Ana bi da su ta hanyar kashe kansa.
5. Dasa a cikin akwati da tsabta, ƙasa keɓe masu ciwo.

Wajibi ne a tono ta daidai. Idan har ba a lalatar da ci gaban shuka ba, to, rundunar da abin ya shafa na iya murmurewa.

Tsatsa

Karnataccen tsatsa koyaushe yana kai hari a wasu nau'ikan ƙarnuka masu launin shuɗi. Mycelium yana tasowa a cikin zafi saboda rashin danshi. Cutar a cikin alamunta tana kama da kunar rana a jiki, ganyayyaki na iya juya launin rawaya da mummify. A zahiri, tsatsa tana hana metabolism aiki, yana rushe photosynthesis. A wannan yanayin, shuka dole ne ya samar da ingantaccen haske da yanayin zafi.

Grey Rot (Botritis)

Ganyayyaki na Kwari na naman gwari Cinerea ya haɗu ga 'ya'yan itace da albarkatu na ornamental. Spores shafi sassa na inji, wannan fasalin halayyar cutar. Da farko dai, nasihun ganyayyaki sun bushe a hosta, sannu a hankali suna kama duk fuskar. An rufe shi da tsire-tsire mara lafiya tare da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Don guji cikakken lalacewar daji, kuna buƙatar tsallake yankin da cutar ta kama. Don aiki, ƙura za a iya yi tare da carbon da aka kunna da ash ko ash.

Botritis a cikin ganyayyaki

Sclerotinia (Sclerotinia)

Tushen abin da ke jawowa, ƙwayar naman gwari, yana da filaye masu kama da auduga. Tushen wuyan shuka yana cutar. Ba shi yiwuwa a ceci daji, ya rage kawai don cirewa.

Kwayar cuta taushi laushi

An yada ta hanyar kwayoyin cuta a kan rundunonin da suka lalace. Plantungiyar ta fi shafar sau da yawa saboda canjin zafin jiki.

Alamar farko ta rashin lafiya ita ce halayyar warin juji. Dalilin bayyanar shi na iya zama lalacewar ɓangaren ƙananan tsiron. An rufe ganyen Hosta da duhu launin ruwan kasa.

Don cin nasarar nasarar cututtukan da ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin fungal ke haifar, dole ne a bi ƙa'idodi na yau da kullun:

• yi riko da tsarin tsiro, yin la’akari da buƙatun iri iri a cikin walƙiya da laima;
• a kai a kai ana duba bangare na tsiron domin a gano matsalar cikin lokaci kuma a fara magani;
• cire sassan da suka lalace daga daji ka kona su hana kamuwa da wasu nau'ikan iri da albarkatu;
• kayan aiki da kayan aiki kafin aiki tare da kowane tsabtace tsabtace ruwa kuma an tsabtace shi.

Cututtukan ƙwayar fitsari koyaushe suna sauƙin sauƙaƙewa tare da hanyoyin rigakafi fiye da yin yaƙi da yaduwar su. Don kare da hana gonar, ana kula da tsirrai da bishiyoyi tare da shirye-shiryen fungicidal ko shirye-shiryen halitta:

• a farkon bazara (kafin farkon kwararar ruwan 'ya'yan itace);
• a cikin faduwa (bayan faduwar ganye).

Ofaya daga cikin abubuwanda suka fi mahimmanci a cikin aikin kiwo shine ƙara haɓakar cuta a cikin rundunonin masu canji. Don rage haɗarin cututtuka, ya kamata a sayi seedlings a cikin shagunan kan layi na amintattu da wuraren kiwon lafiya, kula da halaye na nau'ikan da kuke so.

Me yasa mai watsa shiri yayi talauci

Yana faruwa da cewa tsire-tsire masu lafiya suna daskarewa ba tare da wani tabbataccen dalili a cikin girma ba, ba ya haifar da shinge, kuma ƙarshe zai fara bushewa. Za'a iya samun dalilai da yawa da yasa mai karbar baki ke ƙaruwa da talauci. Baya ga cututtuka da kulawa mara kyau, kwari suna tsoma baki tare da haɓakawa da haɓaka mai watsa shiri.

Mice

Voile bera suna amfani da ciyawa da dusar ƙanƙara a cikin hunturu don motsawa da lalata asalinsu. Abubuwan ruwa da suka zauna a gonar suna jefa su cikin tarko kuma sunadarai sun lalata su. Kuna iya fitar da kwari ta tsire-tsire waɗanda kamshinsu ke tsoratar da su;

• tafarnuwa
• sarki hazel grouse;
• tushen tushe.

Matsawa

Mollusks suna cin ƙananan ganyen mai shiri zuwa ramuka, musamman runduna mai ƙyalli, mai ƙanshi mai zurfi. Matasa yara ba tare da jijiyoyin tarko ba za a iya lalata su gaba ɗaya, barin kawai petioles.

Hanyar da ke tattare da kula da kwaro:

• a cikin bazara a lokacin girma girma, bushes buƙatar rufe shi;
• a rukunin yanar gizo suna kafa tarkuna don tarkoki, zaku iya amfani da duka shirye-shirye na musamman da kwantena tare da giya;
• yayyafa taba, ash ash, superphosphate kusa da runduna. Za su kawo wahalar shiga cikin kwaro sosai cikin ganyayyaki.

Leaf Nematodes

Smallan ƙananan tsutsotsi masu tsayi zuwa 2 mm suna ɓoye fararen ganye tare da layin launin fata da aibobi A wani matakin farko, ba za a iya gano raunuka ba. Don tabbatar da cewa dalilin da ya sa rundunar ba ta girma, yi aiki azaman nematode zai taimaka gwajin farko. A cikin gilashi tare da ruwa, rage takardar da aka murƙushe na mintina 15-20. Idan zato ya tabbata, za a iya tsutsotsi cikin ruwa a cikin haske.

Yana da wuya a magance tsutsotsi, kwayoyi suna lalata manya, amma ba ƙwai ba. Don warwatse kwaro, masu haɓaka suna ba da bioperaparts, misali, nemabact da nematophagin.

Don gyarawa ba tare da matsala ba, ya zama dole don daidaita tsarin ban ruwa, shuka ya girma mara kyau ba tare da danshi ba.

Kuna buƙatar fahimtar cewa ganiya ta runduna ta kayan ado ta faɗi a farkon lokacin bazara (Mayu-Yuni).

Mai runduna mai kwarara

Masu watsa ruwa mai gudana suna jinkirta ko basu faruwa ba saboda dalilai masu zuwa:

• da matsala iri-iri cikin sharuddan furanni ana danganta shi zuwa ƙarshen latti kuma kawai ba shi da isasshen lokaci da ingantaccen zazzabi;
• daji ya girma sosai, ya cika makil da rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Wannan shi ne ɗayan manyan dalilan da ya sa mai masaukin ba ya yin fure;
• rundunonin suna da inuwa, amma suna buƙatar hoursan awanni a rana don girma da kuma samar da ciyawar fure.

Hosta shuka ne mai ban sha'awa. Ba ta da ma'ana kuma ta amsa da kulawa. Amfani da shi a cikin gidajen Aljannar duniya ne. Magungunan gargajiya na amfani da runduna masu launi don kula da raunuka, yayin da mutanen Japan ke ɗaukar harbe-harbe matasa a matsayin mai daɗi. Idan kun ƙirƙiri yanayin da ake buƙata don mai masaukin, tsire-tsire tabbas zai gode muku don fure mai ban sha'awa.