Yana da wuyar ba a kula da kyakkyawan hawa daji, wanda yana da tsayi mai tsawo. Wannan shi ne allamanda.
Kyawawan kyau ne tsire-tsire masu rayuwa a cikin yanayin yanayi. Kuma ko da yake al'ada ta girma a cikin yanayin wucin gadi, ba zai iya hanawa ba, amma ba ze da kyau.
Bayanin Botanical na shuka
Ana kiran al'adun bayan farfesa a Jami'ar Leiden, Frederick Allamand. Kasashen da ke zaune a yankin shi ne yankuna na kudancin Amirka, musamman ƙasashen Brazil. Yana da al'adun gargajiya na gidan Kutrovye.
Allamand yayi girma a cikin nau'i na bishiyoyi, bushes, lianas. Tsayi tsawo daga mita 2 zuwa 10. Ƙananan harbe suna da sauƙi. Yawancin wakilan jinsunan suna da muhimmancin furanni masu launin launin rawaya, mai launi, mai launi, murjani na murjani. Kowace furanni yana da nau'i mai laushi, ya ƙunshi fatar guda biyar da raunin da ya wuce ya ɓace.
Dukkanin su an tattara su a cikin manyan inflorescences. A cikin buƙatar buɗewa, girmansu sun kai kimanin 12 cm Bayan flowering, a wurin furanni, an shirya 'ya'yan itace na ƙaya a cikin nau'i na kwalaye da aka cika da yawan tsaba. Ana sanya nau'i na tsire-tsire masu tsayi a nau'i-nau'i, suna da maɓallin nunawa, sun bambanta a cikin santsi da wadataccen launi mai launi mai ban sha'awa tare da tasiri mai kyau.
Allamanda blooms duk lokacin rani da kaka. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, yawancin furanni suna maimaitawa daga shekara zuwa shekara. Tsarin al'ada ya zama cikakke ga yanayin girma na lambuna na hunturu da greenhouses tare da gagarumar damar sararin samaniya da kuma matsanancin zafi. Ba haka ba ne mai sauƙin girma allamandu a yankunan zama.
Yana da muhimmanci! Lokacin da girma allamanda, ya zama dole a sanya shi doka don kula da tsire-tsire sosai, saboda dukkan sassanta suna da guba. Hanyoyin alkama na Milky zai iya haifar da fushin fata da idanu.
Allamandas
Akwai nau'in allamanda iri 15.
Mafi shahararrun sune:
- laxative - irin allamand mafi yawancin a cikin gida. Ya sami sunansa saboda mummunar tasiri akan jiki na sassan shuka saboda sakamakon abincin su. A waje, wannan kyakkyawan tsire-tsire ne mai girma, wanda zai kai kimanin mita shida da tsawo. Petals iya samun nau'o'i daban-daban na launin rawaya da launi;
- m - daya daga cikin nau'in halitta mai sannu a hankali. Kwayoyinta sune kadan ne, an tattara su a kwasfa na abubuwa 4. Kwayoyin furanni na iya zama daga launi mai laushi zuwa launin mulu mai launin ruwan kasa. Ana sau da yawa a saman itacen inabi;
- labarun - shrub da neskuschimi rassan har zuwa 1 mita a tsawo. Ƙananan ɓangaren ganye suna da launi mai haske mai haske, haske - kasa. Fure-furen launin ruwan rawaya suna ƙuƙasa daga ƙasa kuma kadan ya fi ƙanƙancin allamandi-lianas. Suna bude har zuwa 4 cm;
- Terry Terry - nau'i na kowa, wanda ake kira saboda furanni na furanni. Cikin al'adu yana tsiro ne a cikin hanyar shrub tare da tsawo fiye da 90 cm ba tare da harbe ba. Man shanu yana da nauyi har zuwa 12 centimeters a tsawon suna da kananan petioles. Ana sanya furanni akan pedicels elongated;
- daraja - kallon bayyanar, wanda aka harbe shi da wani launin m. Furen furanni suna bambanta ta wurin farar fata da ƙanshi mai ban sha'awa;
- grandiflora - irin nauyin kullun Allamand tare da furanni na kyawawan ruwan lemun tsami har zuwa 10 cm cikin girman. Ganye ne obin ovate;
- Shota - irin nauyin Allamand mai hawa da sauri, tare da dan kadan ya saukar da harbe, an rufe shi da fata mai fata. Ganye suna fadi, m, duhu mai launi, launi 3-4. A furanni ne manyan, mai arziki rawaya tare da launi brownish.
Yanayi don girma a gida
Zai fi kyau a ci gaba da al'adun cikin greenhouses ko manyan lambunan hunturu tare da tsarin zafin jiki ba kasa da + digiri 18. Da farko, shuka zai iya jin dadin kansa a wani yanki, amma yayin da ya girma, ya kamata a koma shi cikin wani gandun daji ko gonar hunturu. Don allamand, hasken haske, zafi da iska da zazzabi suna da muhimmancin gaske.
Shin kuna sani? Tare da yanayi ko yanayin sanyi, ruwan sama, a ƙarshen lokacin rani ko farkon kaka, Allamanda fara fara nuna sha'awa - furanninta sun zama duhu mai launi.
Yanayi da haske
Allamanda ya yarda da haske sosai, saboda haka za ta ji dadi sosai a kudu, kudu maso gabas da kudu maso yamma. Amma a lokacin zafi musamman, ya kamata a kare shuke-shuke daga hasken rana kai tsaye, fiye da 4 hours a rana. A cikin hunturu, allamand ya kamata ya samar da ƙarin haske na wucin gadi.
Zazzabi
Mafi yawan zafin jiki shine:
- a lokacin rani - daga +20 zuwa +24 digiri;
- a cikin hunturu - daga +15 zuwa +18 digiri.
Yana da muhimmanci! Allamand ba shi da cikakken gane yanayin zafi. Sai dai tsarin mulki na ɗan gajeren lokaci a cikin + 1 ... + digiri 2 zai iya canja wurin. Lokacin da al'adar sanyi ta mutu nan da nan.
Air iska
Allamand yana bukatar babban zafi. Wannan adadi ya zama akalla 60-70 bisa dari. Yin amfani da taushi tare da taushi, ba ruwan sanyi ba zai taimaka wajen kula da matakin. Har ila yau, tabbatar da abun da ke cikin tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire a kan pallet tare da mai tsabta na sphagnum, fadada yumbu, yashi, pebbles.
Kulawa na gida
Abu ne mai wuyar gaske ga Allamanda ta girma a gida, yayin da yake gabatar da bukatun kulawa.
Watering dokoki
Allamand yana son danshi.
Amma yawancin watering ya dogara da kakar:
- A lokacin rani, ruwan zai zama mai yalwace, don haka kasar gona ba ta da iko ta bushe, amma kuma ba ta da daraja;
- a lokacin hunturu, ya kamata a rage ruwa, ya kamata ya zama mafi matsakaici, don haka saman saman ƙasa yana da lokaci ya bushe.
Yana da muhimmanci! A lokacin flowering, ruwa a lokacin spraying ya kamata ba fada a kan furanni don kauce wa samuwar duhu spots a kan petals.
Top dressing
A lokacin rani da kuma bazara, a lokacin girma girma da takin gargajiya ya kamata a yi sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a wata. Mafi kyawun duk ya dace da wadannan dalilan da ke da matsala mai yawa ga houseplants. Hanyoyin amfani da ma'adinai da kwayoyin halitta shine mahimmin bayani.
Pruning
Cuts allamanda don cimma burin da dama:
- ƙuntatawa kan tsawon tsayinsu;
- karin murfin leaf cover;
- kara yawan furanni da kuma marmari flowering.
Ya kamata a yi amfani da tsabta ko dai a karshen hunturu - farkon spring kafin flowering, ko a karshen kaka bayan flowering tsaya a nan ba. Shuka ya kamata ya zama na uku ko rabi na tsawon rassan. Dole ne a yanka a sama da nodes daga cikin ganyayyaki tare da wuraren ci gaba. Ya kamata a cire raunin da ya kamata ya yi rauni kuma ya yi yawa. Idan ya cancanta, rike nip matasa harbe. Al'adu ya samo asali, don haka ko da wani daji mai girma da girma mai girma allamanda zaka iya zama kyakkyawan mutum. Don haka, za a iya amfani da talla na musamman.
Tashi
Allamandu ya kamata a dasa shi a lokacin da ya tsufa sau ɗaya kowace shekara zuwa uku, a lokacin yaro a kowace shekara. Ana bada shawara don gudanar da dasawa a cikin bazara don kunna girma. Don rage iyakar girma daga tanki mai kimanin diamita 20 cm, baza a sake gina tsire-tsire ba, ta rage tushenta kawai da ƙara ƙasa.
Girman girman da ake iya dasawa ya dogara da nauyin allamand: don ci gaba da sauri, yana da kyau a yi amfani da "don ci gaba", tare da ajiya, don raguwa, tsayin tamanin zai iya zama daidai da rabi na tsawon shuka. Gilashin filin ruwa dole ne a rami rami. Ana sanya lakabin kwalliya na yumbuɗa ko yayinda aka sanya shi a cikin kasan, sannan a kwakwalwan ƙasa, asalin tsire-tsire ana sanya shi, an yayyafa shi da sauran ƙasa kuma a karasa. Taimako don hawa ya zama dole.
Yana da muhimmanci! Sabuwar sayan Allamand ya kamata a dasa shi da jimawa fiye da bayan kwana 14 na keɓewa, wanda ya ba da damar gano matsaloli na yanzu na sabon shuka (cututtuka, kwari) da kuma daidaita shi zuwa yanayin da aka canja. Wannan lokacin zai taimaka wajen ƙayyade da zaɓar damar da aka dace don dasawa.
Don tabbatar da ci gaba da girma da ƙwayar allamanda, ƙasa mai ƙananan ƙarancin ƙasa, wanda yake da darajar cin abinci mai gina jiki, friability, neutrality, yana da kyau dace. Ana iya shirya shi daga ganye, ƙasa mai laushi, peat, humus da yashi a cikin wani rabo daga 4: 2: 2: 2: 1 ko daga sod, ganye ƙasa, humus da yashi a wani rabo na 2: 1: 1: 1.
Kiwo
Allamanda ta kiwo a cikin iri da kuma hanyar vegetative.
Cuttings
Saukewa ta hanyar cuttings yana faruwa a wasu matakai:
- A ƙarshen hunturu - tare da zuwan bazara, an yanke cututtukan rassan rassa, tsawon su daga 8 zuwa 10 cm.
- Daga kasan, ɓangarorin da aka kafa ba za su iya yin amfani da su ba tare da mai girma (Zircon, Kornevin, Heteroauxin, bayani acid acid).
- Ana dasa bishiyoyi a cikin yashi mai yalwace, wanda ya fi dacewa dan kadan daga kasan.
- Rufe kwayoyi tare da kunshin filastik ko wasu na'urori masu kwaskwarima na samar da haske.
- Don gudanar da iska ta yau da kullum da kuma spraying, rike da matakin mafi kyau na zafi, da yanayi yanayin zafi a matakin + 23 ... +25 digiri.
- Lokacin da ganye na farko ya bayyana, yana nuna cewa tsire-tsire ya ci nasara, za a iya yin katsewa a cikin ƙasa mai gina jiki.
- Bayan wata ko biyu watanni za a ci gaba da ci gaban matasa Allamand.
Yana da muhimmanci! Allamand yana nufin tsire-tsire wanda zai iya amfani da tushe a cikin ruwa, musamman a yayin da yake ƙara tushen stimulator.
Tsaba
Seed propagation fasali:
- A karshen Fabrairu ko kuma a farkon Maris, allamand tsaba za a iya shuka.
- An yi amfani da kayan shuka da wuri tare da rauniccen bayani na potassium permanganate, wanke da kuma bushe.
- Ana shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa mai laushi wanda yake kunshe da yashi da peat a daidai hannun jari, a nisa daga 3 zuwa 5 cm, yafa masa da Layer na ƙasa na 0.5 cm.
- Ana busawa da polyethylene ko wasu kayan masihu.
- Lokaci lokaci iska da kuma furewa.
- Kula da zazzabi a + 22 ... +25 digiri.
- Bayan makonni 4-6 ya kamata ya bayyana sabbin furanni.
- Sa'an nan kuma ya kamata ka sannu da hankali ka saba wa seedlings zuwa rayuwa ba tare da tsari ba.
- Bayan bayyanar da dama ganye, da swoop seedlings da hankali sashi a cikin raba kwantena da karin gina jiki ƙasa cakuda.
Shin kuna sani? Abin mamaki mai kyau launi biyu-launi za a iya samu daga grafting purple allamanda zuwa rawaya.
Cututtuka da kwari
Hanyar girma allamand yana da nuances da yawa, kuma rashin kulawa wanda zai iya haifar da faruwar cututtuka:
- bar curl kuma juya launin ruwan kasa - Sakamakon yawan lalacewa ko hypothermia. Dole ne a dauki matakai don tsara ban ruwa da yanayin yanayin zafi;
- ganye juya rawaya - rashin haske da kayan abinci. Don wannan dalili, shuke-shuke Bloom mugun. Samar da damar samun haske na haske da na ma'adinai zai taimaka wajen magance matsalar;
- harbe suna kõma, da ganye juya kodadde - Dalilin shine rashin haske da kayan abinci. Wajibi ne don tsara karin haske da tsire-tsire.
- da mai tushe a tushe ya fara juya baƙar fata da kuma rot - yana faruwa ne saboda kullun lokacin da dasa shuki da farfadowa tare da rage yawan zazzabi. Don kawar da matsala, ana adana tsire-tsire masu lafiya, an kara watering ne tare da ƙarar fungicide, an hallaka samfurori da aka hallaka.
Shin kuna sani? Allamand ya tabbatar da cewa yana da tsire-tsire mai magungunan magani tare da tasirin cutar antibacterial akan kwayoyin microphyganic staphylococcal. Taimaka wajen kauce wa rikitarwa na malaria, jaundice, yin gwagwarmaya tare da karamin girma.
Daga cikin kwari, mafi m da haɗari ga Allamand ne nematodes, aphids, gizo-gizo mites, whiteflies.
Don magance su, dole ne a dauki wadannan matakai:
- dashi shuka zuwa sabon wuri;
- don bi da ƙasa da al'adu tare da shirye-shirye na kwari.
Difficulty girma
Abu mai wuya, tsarin ci gaba da girma yana gudana a hankali, sau da yawa tare da abin da ya faru akwai wasu matsalolin da suka tashi. Abu na musamman shine damuwa da al'adun da ke faruwa a lokacin kula da tsire-tsire. Don kauce wa irin wannan bayyanar, kana buƙatar ka gudanar da ruwan sha, yin amfani da shi, don biye da mafi kyawun zafi da hasken wuta.
Har ila yau, a lokacin kula da allamanda, kada mutum ya manta game da burin cibiyoyin al'adu, sabili da haka, ya kamata a kiyaye kiyayewa:
- bayan dasawa, toshe hannayen hannu dole ne a wanke tare da sabulu;
- ba shi da kyau a yi aiki a cikin tufafi masu haske domin ruwan 'ya'yan itace ba ya haddasa fata;
- Kada ka sanya tsire-tsire don su sami damar yara.
Yi hankali ga flower brigamia na cikin gida.
Allamanda wata al'ada ne mai ban sha'awa, wadda ba ta iya girma ta kowane lambu. Amma tsayayya da dokoki da shawarwari don dasa shuki, girma da kulawa zasu taimaka wajen cimma nasarar wannan al'amari. Kuma kyawun ban mamaki da ƙanshi mai ban sha'awa na furen zai zama kyauta mai cancanci ga gwani mai sayad da furanni.
