Yancin dabbobin da ake amfani da su a gonar ya kamata su dogara ne kawai akan siffofi na jiki da na waje na dabbobin, amma kuma a kan dacewa da yankin zama da yanayi musamman ga wannan nau'in.
Ka yi la'akari da irin wace dabbobin da suka fi dacewa da kiwon dabbobi a yankin Belgorod.
Dabbobi masu yawa na shanu na yankin Belgorod
Farming yana da kyau a yankin. Amma ga shanu masu shayarwa, akwai dabbobi masu yawa irin wadannan dabbobi a cikin wannan yanki: Holstein, red-motley da Simmental breeds. Domin su haifi su, dole ne ku san halaye na kowannensu. Bari muyi la'akari da cikakken bayani akan kowace irin.
Golshtinsky
Kofin Holstein shine yafi kowa a duniya. Yana hadawa da kiwo da nama. 
Tarihin ƙira
A tsakiyar karni na 19, wani manomi na Amirka, Winsrop Chenery, ya sayi dabbar da baƙi mai launin fata da aka bred a Turai. Wadannan dabbobi suna da kayan samar da madara masu yawa, saboda haka manomi ya kira gayyata don ninka wannan inganci.
Kila za ku kasance da amfani don sanin yadda aka kwatanta da nauyin shanu na Holstein.
A 1871, an kafa wani rukuni don nazarin shanu na Holstein-Frisia, wanda ya kasance a cikin jama'a, ingantawa da kuma haifar da wannan nau'in. Ba da daɗewa ba waɗannan shanu sun zama shahara a ko'ina cikin Amurka. A 1983, an amince da wani ƙuduri game da sunan sunan - Holstein.
Bayyanar
Harshen wannan shanu yana da alamar zane-zane: suna da launi mai launin fata-baki, wanda zai iya zama daban-daban ga kowa. Alal misali, ana iya haifar da maraƙi wanda zai zama baki baki, banda bambance-bambance kananan nau'ikan da ba su iya ganewa ba. 
Bugu da ƙari, samar da madara mai yawan gaske, waɗannan nauyin suna da nauyin nauyi. Saboda haka, mace tana kimanin kilo 750, kilo - 950 kg. Amma idan makasudin kiwon waddan waɗannan shanu ne nama, to, za su iya zama fattened kuma har zuwa 1200 kg.
Shin kuna sani? Shine mafi girma a duniya, wanda ake kira Mount Katadin, yana kimanin kilo 2270.Tsawancin da aka yi da shanu na ƙwan zuma shine 160 cm, kuma mata na da 145 cm. Sakamakon irin wannan nau'in shine babban kirji da cinya. Tsawon jiki shine matsakaici: shanu yana girma zuwa 1.7 m, mata - har zuwa 1.5 m.
Bidiyo: kyautar shanu da ke dauke da shanu na Holstein
Sakamakon halaye
Wannan nau'in shi ne mafi mashahuri saboda yana da yawancin yawan yawan aiki.
Harkokin Milk a kowace shekara: kimanin kilo 10,000.
Adadin madara a kowace rana: game da 20 l.
Milk dandano: creamy, mai dadi.
Milk mai: 2,7-3 %.
Adadin gina jiki a madara: 3-3,5 %.
The earliness na nauyi riba: high - da shekaru 15 watanni sun sami kimanin 380 kg.
Kashe nama: kusan 60% da nauyin bijimin. 
Saboda haka, waɗannan shanu suna daya daga cikin mafi girma daga cikin shanu a cikin yawan amfanin ƙasa na nama, nauyin nauyin da madara.
Muna ba da shawara cewa ka gano abin da hanyoyin sarrafawa da nauyin madara maras sani, da kuma la'akari da halaye na wasu masu shayar da madara.
Red-motley
Mafarin ja-da-fari yana da irin waɗannan halaye tare da kabilar Holstein, tun lokacin da aka zaɓi ta daga ta.
Tarihin ƙira
Kofaye Holstein suna da raguwa, wanda a wasu lokuta ya ba da jan jan abin da yake ga calves. Ganin wannan, masu shayarwa sun yanke shawarar kawo nau'in jinsuna da wannan launi. A shekarar 1998, an tsara jinsin ja-da-fari a cikin littafin ɗakunan. 
Bayyanar
Dabbobi na wannan nau'i suna da girma da babba: saniya tana kimanin kg 650, bijimin yana kimanin kilo 700-800, yayin da tsawo a madarar mace shine 145 cm da na mai 160 cm. Wadannan kwayoyi suna da kirji mai yawa, yawanci 5-7 cm more fiye da thighs.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tare da rage cin abinci mara kyau, saniya ba kawai zai sami nauyi ba, amma ba zai ba madara ko dai.
Ana kiran lakaran motley ja, kuma dabba da kanta shi ne mafi yawa ja launi tare da fararen launi wanda zai iya zama daban-daban. Hanya na nono shine nau'i-nau'i-nau'i, girmansa shi ne matsakaici. 
Sakamakon halaye
Ƙididdiga masu yawa na irin wannan nau'in suna alaƙa da alamomi masu zuwa.
Harkokin Milk a kowace shekara: kimanin 8 500 kg.
Adadin madara a kowace rana: game da 17 l.
Milk dandano: fiye da shanu mafi girma na Holstein, amma kuma mai dadi.
Milk mai: 3,8-4 %.
Adadin gina jiki a madara: 3,5 %.
The earliness na nauyi riba: tsayi - maraƙi mai shekaru mai shekaru yana iya kimanin kimanin kilo 480.
Kashe nama: kimanin 50-60%. 
Masu nuna alama na iya bambanta dangane da dabbobi da abincin naman.
Daidai
An gano nau'in nau'in Simmental don hada halayen biyu - samar da madara da nama. Wadannan alamomi guda biyu suna da yawa.
Tarihin ƙira
Tarihin kiwo ba a sani ba ne, amma akwai manyan mahimman bayanai guda biyu. Na farko ya ce wadannan shanu ne masu hawan ziyartar daji, ketare tare da daban-daban na shanu na Swiss. Na biyu rahotanni cewa wadannan mummunan su ne zuriyar Scandinavian shanu, wanda ya zo Switzerland a cikin karni na V.
Shin kuna sani? Irin nauyin nau'i yana daya daga cikin tsofaffi a duniya.
Sunan shanu sun fito ne daga kogin Swiss Simme, a kan bankunan da aka filayen dabbobi da yawa. 
Bayyanar
Launi na wannan jinsin shi ne fawn ko cream, tare da tayin orange tare da farar fata a bambancin daban-daban. Tsayin jiki na tsawon lokaci shine 160 cm, tsayin da ake da ita a cikin mata shine 150 cm, kuma maza 165 cm.
Cikin kirji ne mai faɗi, maras kyau, maza suna da ƙirjin kirki. Nauyin mace shine kilo 600, namiji - daga 800 zuwa 1000 kg, ko da yake tare da m ciyar da shi zai iya kai 1300 kg.
Manoma suna buƙatar karantawa game da kwarewa da rashin amfani da nauyin ƙwayar daji.
Sakamakon halaye Dabbobi na wannan irin suna da manyan halaye.
Harkokin Milk a kowace shekara: 7,500 kg, matsakaicin da aka rubuta a kimanin kg 12,000.
Adadin madara a kowace rana: game da lita 15
Milk dandano: sosai m, creamy, kadan zaki. 
Milk mai: 4,1 %.
Adadin gina jiki a madara: 3,3 %.
The earliness na nauyi riba: matsakaicin - a tsawon watanni 18 yana da 343 kg.
Kashe nama: 55 %.
Mafi siffar da ya bambanta mutane daga wannan nau'in daga wasu shine m daɗin dandano madara, wanda kakanninsu suka ci ciyawa daga itatuwan Alpine mai tsayi.
Kula da ciyar da shanu a gida
Wajibijinsa suna buƙatar tabbatar da yanayin rayuwa mai kyau: wannan wuri ne mai fadi, ɗaki mai tsabta, tare da isasshen haske, a cikin hunturu ya kamata a mai tsanani.
Yi imani, daya daga cikin abubuwan da suka shafi nasarar bunkasa shanu, suna da yanayin jin dadi. Koyi yadda za a gina ginin, kazalika da yadda za a yi corral da samun iska a cikin sito tare da hannunka.
Kula da dabbobi ya bambanta dangane da kakar. A lokacin rani, wajibi ne a ba su da rufi don kada dabba ta kasance a cikin rana don dogon lokaci, yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da samun dama ga ruwa. Yawan shanu a cikin makiyaya ya zama sau biyu a rana. A cikin hunturu, da sito ya kamata dumi da kyau, amma har yanzu a ventilated. 
Ya kamata a gudanar da girbi na ɗakin gado domin an gurɓata shi, tun da kwayoyin suna karuwa sosai cikin irin wannan yanayin. An wanke nama kawai a lokacin rani, amma mata suna buƙatar wanke nono kafin da kuma bayan milking. Lokaci-lokaci yana da muhimmanci don gudanar da dubawa na dabbobi don gano cututtuka a lokaci kuma fara magani.
Suna ciyar da dabbobi sau 3 a rana, dalilin abincin shine abincin hatsi (hatsi, legumes, mancake), da magunguna (ciyawa, asali) da m (hay).
Karanta game da yadda ake yin abinci don shanu da madara.
Don haka, zamu iya cewa cewa a cikin yankin Belgorod akwai wasu shanu masu yawa masu yawa, wadanda ke da matakan tayi a cikin dai sauransu da kuma samar da nama. Wadannan dabbobi basu buƙatar kulawa na musamman kuma suna da tsayayya ga cututtuka.
