A cikin gidaje, kaji sun fara haifar ko da daɗewa kafin zamaninmu, saboda haka yawancin hanyoyi suna da tarihin asali sosai, wanda ba shi da dangantaka da ƙwarewar wucin gadi.
Bayan haka, don samun karin nama da samfurori, ko da magunguna na tsohuwar manoma sunyi ƙoƙarin zaɓar kawai samfurori mafi kyau kuma baya ƙaddamar da su. Daga bisani aka lura da cewa hayewa na wakilai daban-daban na iya kara yawan yawan tsuntsaye, wanda ya ba da sha'awa ga amfani da kiwo don kiwo iri iri. Ya kasance kamar hanyar da aka haife chickens Sussex, wanda za'a tattauna a kasa.
Muna fahimta da bayanin irin da irin abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci.
Na farko da aka ambaci nau'in kaji Sussex, ko Sussex, wanda aka rubuta ta d ¯ a, lokacin da Roman Empire ya bunƙasa.
Tabbas, tun daga wannan lokuta wakilan jinsin sun zama sun zama shredded kuma, watakila, ko da ma ba kome da na kowa tare da wadanda d ¯ a hens. A lokuta daban-daban na irin jinsin, jini na mafi girma da kuma mafi yawan wakilai na tsuntsayen gida sun haɗu da ita:
- kaji irin na Dorking;
- Masara;
- Coquingins na sanannen farin launi;
- Orpingtons;
- Famous saboda ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar Brama.
A cikin jinsin kanta, akwai mabanbanta daban-daban, idan muka bambanta su ta hanyar mafi muhimmanci - launi na plumage. A ranar da aka kafa sarki daya daga cikin sarakunan Ingila, Royal Sussex har ma da bred, babban nauyin shi ne farin ciki mai launin fata, mai sigar wutsiya mai tsummoki da maniyyi da launi na lalac.
Duk da haka, a cikin ƙasashen tsohon Soviet Union, waɗannan kaji sun bayyana kadan fiye da rabin karni da suka wuce. Yau ba a yada su a fadinmu ba, duk da cewa irin waxannan da aka haramta a kan Sussex: Adler azurfa da Pervomayskaya, wadanda suke da siffofi masu yawa kamar su kakanninsu, suna da mashahuri.
Menene amfani da kaji na Sussex da dalilai na ƙaunace su?
Shekaru da yawa da suka wuce wannan nau'in ya dangana ne kawai nau'in nama na yawan aiki. Duk da haka, saboda hanyoyi daban-daban tare da yatsun kafaɗɗun kwaikwayo, Susseca ya zama masu mallakar wannan reshe na yawan aiki. Saboda haka, a yau an dauke nau'in a duniya, saboda shi haɗin haɗuwa da juna mafi kyawun halaye na nama, har ma yana faranta idanu tare da kyawawan siffar jiki da launuka masu launin fata da bambancin daban-daban.
Amma wadannan ba ainihin siffofi mafi muhimmanci ba ne na mambobin da aka bayyana, tun da wakilanta suna da alfaharin wadatar da suka fi dacewa don amfanin gona: jinsi yana da sauki a cikin gida da kuma a cikin manomi. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa duk wakilan irin Sussex yana da kyakkyawar samfurin launin kwai kuma ya nuna cikakken daidaito da jimiri a wannan al'amari.
Don haka, mutum ɗaya zai iya zauna a cikin shekaru 2-3 na kaji a cikin rani. Koda koda girman girman kaza da kanta, qwai kullum yana ci gaba da zama cikakke kuma a sakamakon haka, kaji yana fitowa daga kusan dukkanin qwai.
Bugu da kari, idan mafi amfani ga manomi na kiwon kaji don samar da kajin ta hanyar shiryawa ta wucin gadi (domin a cikin wannan yanayin mutanen da za su kasance hawan zasu iya samun ƙarin nauyin da za su ci ganyayyaki), sa'an nan kuma wannan ilmantarwa zai iya kasancewa mai sauƙi; don kare nau'in da kuma fahimtarta, shine ikon iyalan da zasu iya bawa 'ya'yansu nauyin nauyin nauyin su.
Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayar da aka samu ta hanyar kaji yana bayyana ne kawai a maza. Irin wannan launi ana kiyaye shi, koda lokacin da aka tsallake kaji da aka bayyana tare da wakilan sauran nau'o'in, kasancewa mai kyau na rigakafi yana halayyar manya da kananan kaji. Godiya gareshi, nau'in yana bunkasa samfurin yarinya na matasa, mai nuna alamar wanda ba kasa da 95% ba.
Fursunoni irin kuma wasu unacceptable shortcomings Sussex
Duk da cewa irin wannan shahararren sananne ne a cikin namansa da ƙwayar kwai, a cikin tsirrai wadannan kaji ba'a rarrabe su ta hanyar precocity ba. Don haka, har ma da jima'i a matashi suna fara bayyana sosai, tun kusa da farkon lokacin kaka. Amma duk da haka, a nan gaba, wannan hasara ba shi da yawa fiye da abin da ya nuna yawan nauyin tsuntsaye da yawan qwai.
Yana da matukar muhimmanci a kusantar da hankalinka ga gaskiyar cewa lokacin da ake kiwon wannan irin kaji yana da matukar muhimmanci a kula da nauyin halayensa (zamuyi magana game da su kadan kadan), saboda lokaci zasu ɓace. Har ila yau, sau da yawa yakan nuna irin waɗannan nau'o'in kaji, saboda wanda aka yarda da su kullum don ƙin yarda.
Irin wannan hanya ana gudanar da ita a cikin kaka lokacin da aka zaɓa manyan wakilan mambobi, kuma waɗanda suke da wadannan disadvantages:
- Tsakanin nauyin jiki, wanda ya kasance kamar nau'i mai maƙalli ko kama da jikin Orpington na kiwo, wanda Sussex ya ƙetare;
- marar kuskure ya koma baya zuwa wutsiya, ko kuma kasancewa a cikin tsummoki;
- Har ila yau, kunkuntar kuma lebur kirji tare da talauci ci gaba tsoka nama;
- wutsiya tare da halayyar squirrel siffar;
- tarsus, launin launin launin rawaya ko an rufe shi da plumage;
- haske mai haske;
- launin launi na ƙananan yara;
- launin launi yellow;
- daɗaɗɗen ɓoye tare da launi mara kyau.
Ya kamata kuma kada a manta cewa, ko da a lokacin da ake amfani da su "Susforms" kamar yadda yadudduka suke, ƙwayoyin su ba za a yi amfani da su ba don ƙwarewa. Bayan haka, irin wadannan wakilan ba su da tsabta, kuma ba za a daukakar 'ya'yansu ba.
Mun bayyana dukkan asirin da ake yi wa Sussex kuma mun san su da dabi'unsu.
Wadannan kaji za a iya samuwa a cikin ƙananan gidaje, inda kawai 'yan mutane ne suke bred, kuma a cikin manyan manoma, inda kaji suna cin abinci kuma suna da hannu wajen kiwon dabbobi. A lokaci guda kuma, Colombian shine mafi yawan launi tsakanin manoma daji: kusan dukkanin jiki yana da launin furen fata kawai, kawai gashin gashin fata ba su da wani nau'i mai kyau, kuma gashin tsuntsaye suna ado fuka-fuki na tsuntsaye.
Duk da haka, wannan launi ba duniya ba ne ga dukkan mambobi. A sakamakon yawan ayyukan kiwo, an haifi mutane da nau'o'in palettes masu yawa. launin fuka-fukai:
- tsarki mai tsabta;
- Ƙasar Colombian;
- motley
- calico ko layi;
- launin ruwan kasa, kama da launi na tsuntsaye daji;
- azurfa (shi ne ya lashe Adler azurfa hens).
A yau, masana suna ƙoƙarin kawo wasu sababbin nau'i na launi na wadannan kaji: kirfa, cuckoo da kuma lavender. Ko da yake wasu nasara a cikin wannan al'amari sun wanzu, duk da haka, irin waɗannan mutane ba su kasance ba a al'ada kuma ba su da damar samun su.
Wani amfani mai kyau na irin shine ikon ƙayyade jini mai tsarki na mutane ta launi kadai. Saboda haka, ganyayyun kaji na kabilar Sussex suna da launin fatar jiki mai kama da launin fatar na fluff. Amma matasan su suna da launin launin rawaya masu launin fata a cikin mace, kuma haske sosai cikin namiji.
A lokacin balagagge, akwai wasu halaye da dama wadanda ba kawai ƙayyade nau'in ba, amma kuma bambanta kajin daga zakara. Don tabbatar da wannan, daban za muyi nazarin siffofin kowane kuma fara tare da wakilan namiji:
- A halin yanzu, masu roosters suna haifar da ra'ayi na kwarewa da ƙarfi;
- idan aka kwatanta da dukan jiki, kai yana da ƙananan girman, amma girmansa;
- ƙwaƙwalwar tana tarar da siffar mai lankwasa, launin launin launin fata ko launi mai haske, mai saurin tafiya zuwa sama a cikin duhu;
- siffar ridge shine mafi sauki, tsaye; yana da ƙananan girman, yana da jerin kananan yara 4-5, masu hakora masu haɗari, tsayinsa wanda ya dace da rabin rabi na tudu;
- fata na tseren yana da kyau ga taɓawa, duk da haka, yana da yawa a cikin "kananan" hatsi, wanda idan aka taɓa shi, yana jin kamar damuwa; a tushe yana da ƙarfi sosai kuma mai karfi;
- idanuwan Sussex an bambanta da launin jan ko launin launi na launi tare da halayyar wannan irin tare da ƙananan alamu;
- lobes daga cikin wakilan jinsin suna da talauci, da matukar damuwa a kan kai, suna da launin ja;
- 'yan kunne kuma suna da launin ja, nau'in zagaye dabam-dabam da kuma santsi mai kyau;
- wuyan wuyansa bai dade ba, amma mai yawa a tushe tare da matsanancin canji zuwa wani karamin shugaban, an yi masa ado tare da launi mai kyau da kyau;
- siffar jikin a wakilan wakilin da aka kwatanta shi ne rectangular da kuma shimfiɗa a fili, tare da ɓangaren ɓangaren sassa na jiki;
- kodayake baya baya da fadi, amma zuwa kasansa yana da ruwayoyi, amma an rufe shi da lush plumage a yankin lumbar;
- har ma da wutsiya daga cikin roosters ƙananan, amma mai faɗi a tushe, dan kadan ya tashi zuwa sama; wutsiya ya ƙunshi fuka-fukan fuka-fukin fuka-fukan da gashin gashi, wanda ba za'a iya ganuwa ba saboda kyawawan kyan gani;
- an kirkiro kirji ta hanyar ta musamman, tun da yawancin tsokoki sun tara akanta; Jirgin kirji daga magwagwaron ya tashi kusan a tsaye, sa'an nan kuma arc mai tsabta ya shiga cikin kwance mai kwance na jikin jiki;
- ciki yana da kyau a bayyane saboda yana da matukar haske; Yana ji mai taushi ga taɓawa;
- saukowa fuka-fuki a Sussex yana da tsayi, wanda nan take ya kama idanu da manoma masu kiwon kaji; ba su da tsayi, sun dace da jiki;
- tibiae matsakaici a tsawon, maimakon muscular, ya rufe da taushi da kuma jin dadi ga touch plumage ba tare da pads;
- da launi yana da launin farin, tare da yiwuwar hasken launin ruwan haske; Dyne suna da matsakaici, suna da yatsunsu huɗu;
- Gaba ɗaya, ana iya bayyana plumage daga cikin tsuntsaye a matsayin mai taushi, ko da ma, ga jiki.
- wani ɗan gajeren shugabanci wanda ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da maƙar zuma;
- kananan kaya, kuma tare da hakora hudu;
- rectangular, amma fashiony jiki siffar, wanda yana da a kwance set;
- Tsawon wuyansa ya fi guntu fiye da na roosters;
- qarfin karfi, qarqashin qasa;
- ƙusar tana da ƙananan, ya ƙunshi murfin da gashin tsuntsaye, tare da tsohon rufe fiye da rabi na karshen;
- Har ila yau, jingina yana da taushi da mai yawa, a cikin ciki akwai mai yawa launin fari.
Yawan aiki na tsuntsaye na musamman na Sussex
Wadannan tsuntsaye suna da mahimmanci, kamar yadda suke murna da masu mallakar su da kyawawan samfurori, bayanin da zai fara daga nauyin:
- 'Yan kwamingo na Sussex suna iya girma da girma sosai, don haka nauyi zai iya bambanta daga 2.8 zuwa 4 kilo;
- Chickens suna da sauƙi kadan, girman nauyin su 2.4-2.8 kilo.
Baya ga gaskiyar cewa daga gawa daya zaka iya samun yawan adadin nama, saboda haka ana nuna shi da kyakkyawan kyawawan halaye da halaye. Yawancin mahimmanci, yana da kyau sosai - yana da mahimmanci, wanda ya cika nauyin nama. Har ila yau, ya kamata a lura cewa yawanci sune fari, sabili da haka yana da wadataccen arziki a cikin sunadaran.
Wakilan wakilcin Sussex sun yi girma sosai da sauri kuma sun sami nauyi, wanda, tare da kyawawan fattening, ba ka damar samun mutane da sauri don kashe su. Da shekarun da suka wuce 70 ne matasa suka kai nauyin kilo 1.5 ba tare da wata matsala ba.
Wannan nau'in kuma ya tsufa dangane da kwanciya. Idan ana kula da ƙananan matasan, ya samar musu da yalwar sararin samaniya don yin tafiya da kuma bada adadin abinci, to sai su fara fara kwanciya a cikin shekaru biyar. A cikin shekara daya hen zai iya kawo daga 160 zuwa 190 qwai. Wannan alamar yana dogara ne da yanayin tsaro.
Har ila yau, ƙaddara kwanciya yana da muhimmanci ƙwarai a lokacin lokacin sanyi da yanayin zafi. Halin halayen ƙwaiwan Sussex sune kamar haka: harsashi na iya zama haske ko launin ruwan duhu, wani lokacin har ma da kore, kuma suna auna daga 56 zuwa 58 grams.
Har ila yau, saboda yawan kayan lambu, waɗannan kaji suna da daraja sosai a matsayin tushen samar da ruwa. Bugu da ƙari, wannan ƙasa yana da sananne ga taushi da taushi, saboda haka ana amfani dashi sosai a samar da matasan kai da gashin tsuntsaye.
Mun samu da kuma haifar da mujallar Sussex a cikin gidanmu: asirin ciyawan kiwon kaji
Zaka iya fara kiwon waddan kaji masu kyau a hanyoyi biyu: ko dai sayen matasa Sussex a kasuwa, ko qwai, kuma kawo kaji da kanka. A nan gaba, ga zuriya masu hayar, ana amfani da hens daga nasu gonaki, da kuma qwai, wanda suka rushe. Abin farin ciki, amma qwai da hens daga cikin ƙananan mutane za su isa sosai don ku sami matasa masu kyau.
Yawanci, an dasa kaji a kan ƙwai kusa da lokacin rani, don haka ana iya samun ƙwajin da aka haifa a sauƙi a sabon yanayi. Ka tuna cewa lokacin shiryawa don ƙwayar kaza yana da kwanaki 20-21. A karkashin wani kaza yana da daraja daga 13 zuwa 15 qwai. Bugu da kari, kada ku ji tsoro cewa mashawarcin Sussex zai lalata qwai ko ya rushe su - a wannan yanayin sun yi hankali da kuma shirya.
A farkon kwanan nan, ya kamata a ajiye kananan kajin a cikin dakin da ke kewaye a kowane lokaci. Irin waɗannan yanayi an ba su kimanin makonni biyu, da hankali rage lokacin hasken haske ta hanyar da ya dace da rana ta yau da kullum. Suna ciyar da wannan nau'in yafi da abinci na musamman wanda dole ne ya hadu da wani nau'in shekaru.
Duk da haka, idan ba'a yiwu a ci gaba da saya abinci ba, zaka iya amfani da sababbin: hatsi, kayan lambu mai tushe, kayan abinci, kayan abinci mai duhu. Kada ka manta game da ruwan tsabta, wanda dole ne a koyaushe a cikin gidan da kusa da shi.
Zai yi amfani sosai idan kaji zai iya tafiya kullum. Godiya ga wannan, za su karfafa halayensu, su inganta. Ya kamata a sami wuri tare da yashi ko toka kusa da wurin tafiya wanda zai ba tsuntsaye "wanka". Godiya ga irin wannan wanka, ba zasu iya tsabtace fuka-fukan kawai ba, amma har ma sun kawar da magunguna daban-daban.
