Cherry a cikin kewayen birni: mafi kyawun iri da dasa shuki a cikin bazara

Daga cikin nau'ikan cherries da aka girma a Rasha, an san nau'ikan nau'ikan da aka tanada don yankin tsakiyar, wanda ya hada da ga makiyayarta. Halinsu yana yin la'akari da mahimman bukatun da aka ba da shawarar don girma cherries a cikin mawuyacin yanayin wannan yankin. Cherry daga cikin wadannan iri ne halin ƙara yawan digiri na sanyi da kuma hunturu hardiness, farkon ripening 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, fruiting na yau da kullum, farkon balaga da babban yawan aiki. Don gane waɗannan kyawawan halayen cherries, ya kamata ku dasa shi sosai a gonar ko a cikin rani.

Iri iri-iri na cherries don dasa shuki a bayan gari

Itatuwan cherry da aka shirya don dasa shuki da girma a cikin yankin Moscow yakamata su sami halaye masu zuwa:

• farkon farko na fruiting da kwanciyar hankali;
• yawan amfanin ƙasa;
• high palatability 'ya'yan itãcen marmari.
• fari haƙuri;
• lokacin sanyi;
• sanyi juriya (har zuwa-35^ºC)
• isar da kai;
• resistanceara yawan juriya ga cututtukan fungal, musamman moniliosis da coccomycosis.

Ganin ba mai bushewa mai ƙarfi na yankin tsakiyar tare da yiwuwar rikicewar yanayi a cikin zafin jiki (thaws na hunturu da bazara mai sanyi), farkon da tsakiyar tsakiyar cikakke tare da juriya ga yanayin mummunan yanayin sun fi dacewa don girma a Yankin Moscow. Wadannan halaye sune mafi yawan mallakar Vladimirskaya, Molodezhnaya, Lyubskaya, Turgenevka, Shokoladnitsa, Griot Moscow, Apukhtinskaya da sauransu da yawa.

Tebur: mafi kyawun nau'in cherries don yankin Moscow

Don yankin tsakiyar (Moscow, Vladimir, Ryazan, Tula, Kaluga, Bryansk yankin da sauransu) akwai babban rukuni na adalci tare da karuwar lokacin hunturu, yawan aiki, takin gargajiya da sauran alamomin, amma, rashin alheri, a cikinsu babu mai tsayayya da coccomycosis da moniliosis.

A.M. Mikheev, dan takarar noma Kimiyya, Moscow

Gidaje na Magazine na Magazine, Baiti na 3, Maris 2011

Hoton hoto: nau'ikan cherries da ingancinsu na asali

Bidiyo: sake duba nau'ikan mafi kyau na cherries don yankin Moscow da tsakiyar Rasha

Mafi kyawun lokacin dasa cherries

Zai fi kyau dasa cherries a cikin yankin Moscow a cikin tsakiyar Afrilu a lokacin dasa shuki, ko a lokacin Oktoba, wata kafin farkon lokacin sanyi sanyi. Lokacin da barazanar bazara mai sanyi ta wuce, seedlings suna shirye don dasawa. Samuwar ceri seedlings ya dogara da dumama ƙasa da iska mai geza: zazzabi da digiri goma shine zazzabi iyaka, lokacin tafiyar da ciyayi zai fara da ƙare. Dankin ya shiga wani yanayi mai wahala lokacin da zazzabi ya sauka kasa da digiri goma. Saboda haka, ana shuka shuki mafi kyau yayin da ƙasa tayi zafi sama da +15^ºC.

Rabin na biyu na Afrilu shine mafi kyawun lokacin dasawa da dasa tsiron tsire-tsire. Kuma, alas, gajera ce: daga shaɗa ƙasa zuwa girma. Gwada kada ku manta da waɗannan ranakun na zinare, saboda bazarar novosady koyaushe suna ɗaukar tushen mafi kyau kuma basu da sauƙi ga damuwa. Ingantaccen iska da ƙasan ƙasa a wannan lokacin suna ba da gudummawa ga tsirrai

V.S. Zakotin, masanin kimiyya, masanin ilimin injiniya, yanki na Moscow

Lambuna na Magazine na Russia, Afrilu 4, 2011

Dasa cherries a cikin lambun bazara

Zaɓin wurin da yafi dacewa don girma cherries ya ƙaddara ci gaban bishiyoyi na gaba da samun kyawawan ƙwayoyi. Matsayi don dasa bishiyoyi ya kamata ya zama mai lebur, buɗe, tare da kyakkyawan hasken rana a ko'ina cikin rana. Kasancewar inuwa yayi mummunar tasiri a kan ingancin 'ya'yan itacen, kwanciyar hankali da nuna alamun inganci. Yana da kyau a dasa shuki da ceri a cikin yankunan da ke da kudu, kudu maso gabas ko kuma kudu maso yamma. Kasancewar babban shinge da gine-gine kusa da wurin saukar da ƙasa yana haifar da nau'in shinge don kare kananan bishiyoyi daga iska mai sanyi. Yankunan da ba a so ba don narkar da ceri ƙananan kwari ne, musamman tare da ruwa mai tsafta da laima, iska mai sanyi. Irin waɗannan yanayin girma suna lalata abubuwa masu daraja. Har ila yau, haɓaka ruwan karkashin ƙasa yana contraindicated - matakin su na faruwa kada ta wuce 1.2-1.5 m.

A cikin yanayin yayin da seedlings suke shirin shuka a cikin bazara, ana bada shawara don shirya ramuka don dasa shuki a cikin bazara. Wani rami da aka haƙa a cikin girman ya cika tare da cakuda ƙasa mai fitar da takin ƙasa da takin ƙasa da hagu har zuwa lokacin bazara. Yin amfani da takin nitrogen a lokacin bazara ya kamata a nisanta shi. Tare da dasa kaka, an shirya rami a gaba a kusan wata guda.

Mafi kyawun ƙasa don cherries girma shine chernozems, loams da sandstones, waɗanda suke da tsarin sako-sako don tabbatar da ruwa mai kyau da iska ta ƙasa. Idan ƙasa ta kasance yumbu, tsakuwa, mai nauyi, don kwance shi kafin dasawa, ƙara yashi, takin, peat, bambaro. Acidity na ƙasa yana da mahimmanci yayin girma cherries. Mabarta ta kasance a cikin kewayon (pH) na 6.5-8.5. Idan wannan manuniya ya fi girma, to, kafin dasa shuki, ƙasa an lalata shi ta hanyar ƙara ash itace ko gari dolomite (ash ash 700-800 g / m², gari dolomite - 350-400 g / m²).

Seedlingsa'idodin seedlings da aka shirya don dasa yakamata su kasance lafiya, tare da rassa na roba da tsarin saiti. Girma mafi tsayi na itace - 60-70 cm

Idan babu wasu ownan seedlings da suka girma don dasa shuki, yana da kyau ku sayi su a cikin gandun daji ko 'ya'yan itace masu shuka gonaki. Don dasawa, ya kamata mutum ya zaɓi annualan seedlings na shekara-shekara waɗanda ke da harbe-harbe da yawa, tsarin tushen ingantaccen tsari kuma itace cikakke. Don guje wa sayan wasan daji ko kayan tsiro masu ƙarancin gaske, ya zama dole a sayi tushen rootan itace da andan itace keɓaɓɓu.

Lokacin dasa, Tushen seedling suna cikin yardar kaina a cikin ramin dasa shuki daga hanya zuwa sama. Wurin rigakafin (tushen wuyansa) ya kamata ya zama mafi girma ko a matakin ƙasa mai faɗi. Don zurfafa tushen wuya ba a yarda da su ba

Kafin dasa shuki seedlings alamar shafin. Ya kamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa nisa tsakanin bishiyoyin da za a girma nan gaba ya kamata ya zama aƙalla 2,5 m, kuma tsakanin layuka bishiyoyi aƙalla 3.5 m. Bayan an sanya alamar shafin, ci gaba zuwa shirye-shiryen dasa rami. Idan ƙasa ta kasance m, girman ramin na iya zama daga 60x60 cm zuwa 80x80 cm, gwargwadon girman tsarin tushen. Zurfin ramin yawanci ya bambanta daga 40 zuwa 60 cm .. Ana bada shawara don ƙara girman ramin dasawa da kashi 50% idan ƙasa ba ta haihuwa ko nauyi.

Kafin dasa, ana cire Tushen lalacewa daga seedling. Bayan sanya seedling a kan tattalin ƙasa cakuda kusa da goyon baya, a hankali cika rami tare da sauran ƙasa daga juji kuma ƙulla seedling da goyon baya. Bayan an shayar da ruwa da ruwa, ana yin ƙasa da kewayen bishiyar tare da peat ko takin

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don dasa cherries. Ka'idojin saukar ƙasa iri ɗaya ne ga kowa, amma akwai wasu lamura.

Lambar Hanyar 1. Dokokin saukarwa:

1. Bayar da tsawon da yawa daga cikin tushen seedling, shirya rami wani size dace. Manya, ƙasa mafi yawan ƙasa takin ƙasa (tsayinsa ya kai cm 20-30), lokacin tono, barin gefen ramin.
2. A ko'ina Mix takin gargajiya da ma'adinai da takin mai magani a cikin abun da ke ciki: 2-3 buckets na rotted taki ko takin, 1 kilogiram na itace ash, 100 g da sauki superphosphate (ko 60 g na biyu), 80 g na potassium sulfate (ko 40 g na potassium chloride) da kyau.
3. Ya kalli kasan ramin zuwa zurfin 8-10 cm kuma ya sanya kasar gona da guga 1 (10 l) na ruwan zafin daki.
4. Bayan ruwan ya sha, sai a sanya ma'adinin ma'adinai da kwayar halitta daga cikin ramin da aka toka a gefen matashin bakin ciki ta hanyar ruwa a cikin ramin. Cika rami ba fiye da 2/3. Bayan haka, sai a cakuda cakuda ƙasa gaba ɗaya da kadan.
5. Addamar da tallafin nan gaba na seedling da tabbaci a cikin tsakiyar ramin - gungumen azaba tare da diamita na 5-7 cm, tsawon 130-150 cm. Dole ne a yi wannan kafin dasa shuki, amma ba haka ba. A matsayin gungumen azaba, zaka iya amfani da maɓallin shebur da aka saba. Kusa da tallafin, zuba karamin tudun dasa shuki.
6. A seedlings nan da nan kafin dasa shuki bukatar datsa duk ya karye, najasa da m asalinsu.
7. Rossoye ramin don sanya dogo. Lean seedling a kan goyon baya ta hanyar da cewa grafting site, waje bambanta da karamin reshe na kara, ne 5-8 cm fi yadda kasar gona surface.
8. A hankali yada da rarraba tushen seedling saukar da mound ƙasa.
9. A hankali cika Tushen tare da sauran ƙasa daga jujjuyawar, ana haɗa shi lokaci-lokaci.
10. Lokacin da aka rufe tushen da ƙasa game da 15 cm, wajibi ne don shayar da itacen da yalwa kuma cika ramin tare da duniya zuwa saman.
11. Ciyawa kasar gona kusa da seedling tare da takin ko humus tare da Layer of 10 cm.
12. Tare da amarya mai taushi, a hankali ɗaure itacen da aka dasa zuwa goyon bayan "takwas".

Bidiyo: yadda ake dasa ceri

Lambar hanyar 2. umarnin saukarwa mataki-mataki:

1. Ana sa Tushen Sapling cikin ruwa tare da tushen haɓaka tushe (Kornevin, Zircon) kwanaki kaɗan kafin dasa. Kuna iya yin maganin ruwan hoda na potassiumgangan ko potassium humate don lalata yiwuwar kwayar cutar pathogenic ko naman gwari. Wannan pre-dasa magani daga cikin tushen ne da za'ayi idan seedling yana da rauni ko lalace tushen tsarin.
2. Yi madaidaicin saukar rami. Bar ƙasan da aka tono a gefen ramin.
3. Zuba kimanin lita 10 na ruwa a cikin ramin kuma ba shi damar sha. Ruwa kada yayi sanyi, zazzabi daki ko kuma dumama kadan.
4. A kasan ramin, zuba ƙasa daga jujjuyawar a cikin karamin tuddai.
5. Yi cakuda sabo na taki tare da busassun yumbu da tsoma tushen tushen seedling a cikin wannan cakuda. Yawancin cakuda yana kama da lokacin farin ciki mai tsami.
6. Sannu a hankali nesa daga saman ƙwanƙolin dogara cikin tuki. Tsawon goyon baya ya zama tsawon 35-40 cm fiye da tsawon seedling.
7. Sanya seedling kusa da goyon baya kuma a hankali yada Tushen tare da ƙwanƙwasa, nuna su ƙasa.
8. A hankali cika rami tare da ƙasa daga juji, haɗa shi don hana samuwar "aljihun iska". A wannan yanayin, shafin yin rigakafin ya kamata ya kasance sama da ƙasa mai tsayi daga cm 6 cm.
9. Bayan an cika ramin gaba ɗaya, kuna buƙatar ƙarshe haɗa ƙasa. Tulla sapling zuwa goyon baya.
10. Kusa da gangar jikin itacen, zuba maginin murɗa tare da diamita na kusan 1 m da tsawo na kimanin cm 15. Zuba kafaffen kusa-da'ira tare da bulo biyu na ruwa (20 l).
11. Bayan kimanin rabin sa'a, lokacin da ruwa ya cika tunawa, ciyawa sararin samaniya a kusa da akwati tare da cakuda ciyawar 'ya'yan itace da takin.

Bidiyo: kuma abu daya game da ceri

Sake Gani

Tambaya: "Ka faɗa mani, don Allah, wanne ceri ne mafi kyau a saya don Yankin Moscow? Don sanya shi mai daɗi, mai daɗi, mai daɗi, ba tsoro da sanyi da juriya ga cuta."

Don iyawata, mafi kyawun shine Vladimirovka. Ya cika dukkan buƙatu ban da na ƙarshe. Amma cikin adalci, ya kamata a lura cewa a yankin na a cikin 'yan shekarun nan duk cherries, mai daɗi mara amfani, sun yi rashin lafiya. Dole ne in kula da wani abu, amma ba zan, lafiyata ta fi tsada ba. Baƙon abu ne cewa wannan ciwon ya kasance a cikin lambu shekaru, amma wani lokacin girbi yana da kyau, kuma a bara babu wani abu, ko da yake ya yi fure sosai, kuma babu dusar ƙanƙara a lokacin fure.

Lydia, Moscow (gida a Mikhnevo-Shugarovo)

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Ina da ilimin da zabi ne kawai na dasa Matasa. Ragowar filayen na maganan da suka gabata ne, da alama suna da yawa. A Matasa kuma a kan masu gida, yawan amfanin ƙasa iri ɗaya ne - in kuwa akwai, to, idan ba haka ba, to ba haka bane. Kowane mutum ya sha wahala daga moniliosis.

Marincha, Moscow (gida a Balabanovo, Kaluga Yankin)

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Helga ya ce: "Nemo ceri Vladimirskaya, iri ne da aka fi dacewa, yana yin fure da yawa. Rieswararru ba su taɓa yin fure ba."

Na goyi bayan Helga sosai. Zan ƙara da cewa Vladimirskaya yana da mafi tenacious clone - Vladimirskaya mai 'ya'ya. Hakanan kuma gwada Griot Moscow, Zhukovskaya, Shokoladnitsa. Dukkansu suna da kyawawan 'ya'yan itace berries kuma suna hulɗa dashi.

heladas, yankin Moscow

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Girma al'adun ceri har ma a yankuna waɗanda basu da bambanci a cikin yanayin da suka dace don wannan, yana da sauƙi don samun girbin kyawawan 'ya'yan itatuwa masu dadi kuma ku more ci gaban dabbobinku. Zaɓin da ya dace na iri-iri da kuma kulawar itacen da ya cancanci ƙaddara wannan damar.