Cututtuka na shanu na shanu (shanu, shanu, raƙuma, haya, da sauransu) suna da haɗari saboda suna ci gaba ba zato ba tsammani da sauri, suna fama da damuwa mai tsanani da kuma haifar da mace-mace. Wadannan cututtuka sun hada da leptospirosis. A cikin wannan labarin za mu bincika abin da yake, menene alamunta da matakan don magance shi.
Menene dabbobin leptospirosis
Leptospirosis ne ke haifar da kwayoyin halitta Leptospirae, wanda ke cutar da dabbobi kuma ya haifar da ciwon magungunan gaba daya, hanyar cin hanci da kwayoyin halitta ta lalacewa a cikin kwayoyin su. Rashin barazana ga wannan cututtuka shine saurin kamuwa da cuta yakan haifar da mutuwa.
Yana da hatsarin gaske ga shanu da kananan yara. Dabbobin daji, wasu dabbobi, da kuma mutane na iya shafar su.
Ta yaya kamuwa da cuta ke faruwa?
Leptospira, shigarwa cikin jiki, yana shafi kwakwalwa, hanta, gland, da kuma sauran gabobin jiki. Rashin kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta zai iya rufewa har zuwa rabi na yawan jama'a, kuma a nan gaba wadannan dabbobin zasu zama abin da ya dace. Dabbobi suna kamuwa sosai a lokacin rani.
Yana da muhimmanci! A lokacin maganin rigakafi da matakan da dabbobi ke ɗauke da leptospirosis, wajibi ne a kula da tsabtace jiki da kuma tsinkaye.Hanyoyi na kamuwa da leptospira sune wadannan:
- cin ciyawar shuka tare da leptospirae akan makiyaya;
- a stalls;
- yayin haɓakaccen halitta da hadewar jiki;
- a cikin hanyar abinci na kamuwa da cuta;
- ta hanyar mahaifa.
Yadda za a gane bayyanar cututtuka
Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka suna nuna alamun leptospirosis:
- gyaran fitsari mai launi;
- Zuciyar zuciya;
- matsanancin nauyi, tsaka-tsakin da rashin haske;
- yawan zazzabi mai yawa zuwa 41 digiri;
- raunin gaba daya da kuma yalwa;
- ci gaba da jaundice a rana ta uku;
- kin amincewa da abinci;
- gabbly gait;
- azabar zafi a cikin matasa, tare da dawo da baya;
- abin da ya faru na edema, wanda ke haifar da bayyanar necrotic;
- bayyanar cututtuka a kan fata na mucous membranes.
Shin kuna sani? Mazauna kauyuka a arewa maso gabashin Thailand suna cin ratsi, saboda sunyi imani cewa ta wannan hanya zasu iya kare kansu daga annobar cutar leptospirosis.Yawancin waɗannan bayyanar cututtuka suna faruwa a cikin yara. A cikin tsofaffi, zazzabi, lactation da miscarriages suna nan.
Diagnostics
Sanya samfurin ganewa daidai ya dogara da:
- yanayin da ake ciki a cikin yankin;
- nazarin abubuwan da aka samo daga dabbobi da rayayyun halittun wadanda ke fama da su.
Kwayoyin cututtuka na shanu sun hada da: anaplasmosis, pasteurellosis, actinomycosis, ƙurji, parainfluenza-3.Don ganewar asali ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin da suka biyo baya:
- Microscopy - nazarin asibiti game da fitsari na dabbobi masu rai.
- Binciken bacteriological - bincike game da kyallen takalmin jikin gawawwakin mutane don kasancewar microorganisms ta microscopy.
- Serological - samfurin samfurori don gwaji don kasancewa da wasu ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.
- Yin gwajin jini don hemoglobin, leukocytes, bilirubin da sukari.
Canje-canjen Pathological
Wadannan abubuwan da ke tattare da ilimin lissafi na yau da kullum suna iya gani a lokacin autopsy na dabba marar mutuwa saboda leptospirosis:
- yellowness na fata da mucous membranes;
- kumburi na ciki, sternum da wata gabar jiki;
- mai da hankali necrosis na gabobin da kyallen takarda;
- tarawa na ichor, turawa da ruwa a cikin peritoneum da thoracic;
- gyare-gyare a cikin kodan da hanta (ƙari da asarar ƙira).
- lokacin da aka yanka, hanta yana da tsarin astringent;
- koda bruising;
- mafitsara ya kumbura kuma cike da fitsari;
- launin rawaya na gabobin ciki.
Koyi yadda za a yi wa saniya saniya, ta yaya za a auna nauyin jiki na shanu, da yadda za a ciyar da shanu a cikin makiyaya, da abin da za a yi idan wata saniya ta guba kuma ta cinye naman nama.
Sarrafa da magani
Musamman kuma ana amfani da maganin cututtuka don gano cutar. 
Don takamaiman magani, ana amfani da kwayoyi masu zuwa:
- Anti-leptospirosis hyperimmune magani - Injected subcutaneously ko intravenously 1-2 sau. Dosage - 1 cu. cm da 1 kg na nauyi jiki.
- "Streptomycin" - allurar intramuscular a kowace sa'o'i 12 a cikin nau'i nau'i na dubu dubu goma sha shida na 1 na nauyin jiki. An fara farfadowa don kwanaki 5.
- "Kanamycin" - an gudanar da intramuscularly a cikin kashi 15,000 raka'a ta 1 kg na taro. An gabatar da gabatarwa sau uku a rana bayan 8 hours, don kwanaki 5.
- Tetracycline shirye-shirye - magana cikin launi, 10-20 MG da 1 kg na taro, sau 2 a rana.
Yana da muhimmanci! An haramta sayar ko motsa dabbobi zuwa wasu gonaki idan an gano leptospirosis akan gonar.Magunguna don maganin cututtuka:
- Ringer-Locke bayani - a cikin intravenously, subcutaneously, 3000 ml da mutum (ainihin sashi ya dogara da nauyin dabba, shi ne wajabta da wani likitan dabbobi a lokacin jarrabawa).
- 40% glucose bayani - intravenously. Adult - har zuwa 500 ml, matasa matasa - har zuwa 200 ml.
- "Sulfocamphocain" ko "Caffeine benzoate" - bisa ga umarnin.
- "Sintomitsin" - ba ciki cikin 0.03 g na kilogram na nauyin sau uku a rana - 4 days.
- Potassium permanganate - ciki, wani bayani mai ruwa a cikin rabo daga 1 zuwa 1000.
- Laxatives.
Rigakafi da Leptospirosis Vaccine
Domin ya hana leptospirosis, dole ne a aiwatar da matakan kiyayewa a kowace shekara a gidaje:
- Fahimtaccen maganin ilimin dabbobi.
- Tsare-tsaren watanni a bayarwa na gaba na sababbin dabbobi.
- Binciken gwaji na asibiti.
- Lokacin da ba zubar da ciki ba, bincika tayin don gaban microorganisms kuma ɗaukar jini daga saniya.
- Deratization
- Yin maganin rigakafi da kwayar cutar ta leptospirosis tare da maganin alurar rigakafi, mai saurin "VGNKI" (a cikin tsarin da kuma bayanan da aka tsara a cikin umarnin).
Kamar yadda muka gani, ana bukatar matakan da ake amfani dasu don magance leptospirosis a cikin shanu. Har ila yau, a lokacin annoba da ta riga ya faru, dole ne a ba da dabbobi magani mai kyau, abinci kuma su ba su hutawa da kuma shan giya.
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