Kaji kiwo yana da kyakkyawar kasuwanci. Ko da kun ci gaba da karamin garke, kawai don bukatunku, har yanzu kuna da riba. Amma duk wani aiki a cikin ƙasa ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar dokoki, kuma don kada ya wuce su, yana da muhimmanci mu tuna da ka'idojin da aka kafa a cikinsu.
Ma'aikatar Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona na Rasha ta 03.04.2006 N 103 "A yarda da ka'idojin dabbobi don kare tsuntsaye a kan gonaki na 'yan kasa da wuraren kiwon kaji na bude"
Wannan tsari ya fitar da dokoki waɗanda 'yan ƙasa da ke riƙe da tsuntsaye su bi da su da kuma tsuntsayen tsuntsaye masu yawa a manyan gonaki da ƙananan gonaki. Idan manoma masu kiwon kaji ba su bi wadannan dokoki ba, zasu fuskanci azabtarwa mai tsanani, kuma ana iya rufe gonaki kaji.
Shin kuna sani? Gurasar kaji ta samo asali a Indiya game da 3000 BC, tare da domestication of kaji.
Matsayi
An kafa dokoki na dabbobi don kula da kiwo tsuntsaye a kan gonaki masu zaman kansu da masu zaman kansu don hana yaduwar cututtukan avian.
Duk wajibi ne doka ta yi wa mutum (masu tsuntsaye) da ke zaune a Rasha, da kuma kungiyoyin da ke dauke da tsuntsaye masu kyauta.
Janar bukatun yankunan gidaje da kaji
Bisa ga ka'idar dabbobi, duk wanda ya mallaki dabbobi da kuma samar da dabbobin dabbobin dole ne ya bi dokokin zoohygienic da sanitary dabbobi, ajiyewa, gini, yin amfani da kayan da dabbobi suke rayuwa ko ana sarrafawa, adanawa, ana sayar da kayayyakin dabbobi.
Matsayi, ginawa, yin amfani da abubuwa da tsuntsaye za su zauna da saki a cikin farfajiyar dole su la'akari da irin wannan lokacin:
- Gine-gine na dabbobin ya kamata a sanya inda akwai tafkin ruwa da ruwa;
- Yarjejeniya tare da gonar dole ne a rufe da kuma shimfida wuri;
- idan an tsara nau'in tsuntsaye iri-iri, to, sai kowannensu ya rarraba gidaje a cikin gida guda ko wasu gine-gine, daga cikinsu tsuntsaye zasu iya shiga cikin iyaka don samun tafiya;
- yadi don tafiya dole ne a ware. Ya kamata a sanye shi don kowane nau'i na gashin tsuntsaye yana da yanki na yadi;
- Dole ne a sanya cikin cikin dukkan sassan a cikin gidan kasuwa da kayan aiki mai sauƙi, kayan aiki da tsabta;
Koyi yadda za a gina karamar kaza, kazaran turkey-hen, duckling, roaster, gidan kiwon kaji.
- benaye a cikin gidaje da kiwon kaji suna buƙatar zama mai tsayi, tare da rashin tsauraran yanayin thermal, tsayayya ga samfurori na ayyuka masu mahimmanci na tsuntsaye da masu cututtuka. Har ila yau dole ne su hadu da duk tsararru da tsabta;
- Dole ne gidaje da wuraren kiwon kaji su kasance masu ajiyar jiki ko samun karfin tilas;
- duk wani mataki don hana cutar dabbobi ya kamata a yi;
- a cikin tsuntsaye a tsakar gida kada su kasance kusa da makwabta na sauran abubuwa masu rai.
Dokokin gidaje na kiwon kaji na dabbobi
Bisa ga ka'idar dabbobi, a gine-gine inda aka shirya kwanakin dan lokaci na dan lokaci ko na dindindin na dabbobi, dole ne ya haifar da dukkanin yanayin da suke da dadi.
Don ƙirƙirar yanayi mai dadi ga tsuntsaye, kana buƙatar:
- idan akwai kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta, to sai an saka na'urar don wanke takalma, tare da nisa daga sashi, a gaban ƙofar gidan Dole ne a canza canjin a kullum;
- tsabtace tsaran gidaje mai tsabta da tsabta, da wanke kayan hawan su, benaye, kwari, kwari, cage, masu shayarwa, masu shayewa, kuma, idan ya cancanta, cututtuka. Wajibi ne a cire disrefected;
Yana da muhimmanci! Yi amfani kawai bushe, ba daskarewa don kwanciya, ba tare da fungi ba kayan aiki.
- idan tsuntsaye suna cikin waje, za'a yadu da ƙasa tare da sawdust, shavings na itace, da dai sauransu. Da sauyawa na dabbobi da dabbobi sun wanke da kuma tsaftacewa, sun wanke dakin. Lokacin da aka sauya litter, an tsabtace bene sannan kuma an warkar da shi (ta yin amfani da lime fluff, 0.5 kilogiram na mita mita, ko na musamman). Sa'an nan kuma sabo ne kwanciya aka zuba tare da Layer na 10-15 cm.
A cikin gidajen kiwon kaji, windows, kofofin, iska ya kamata a rufe ta da tarbiyya don kada dabbobin daji su shiga.
Wasu mutane ba sa so su ziyarci wuraren da tsuntsu. Kafin shiga gidan, kana buƙatar canza cikin tufafi mai tsabta.
Koyi yadda za a samu iska, bene, masu shayarwa, masu sha a cikin gidan kaza.
Dokokin dabbobi don tabbatarwa da kuma ciyar da kaji a cikin farmsteads
Bisa ga dokar dabbobi, wajibi ne masu amfani da dabbobi suyi amfani da samfurori da suke da lafiya ga lafiyarsu da kuma yanayin da ke saduwa da ka'idojin lafiyar dabbobi don ciyar da tsuntsaye.
Ya kamata a samu dabbobi masu kyau a ƙananan masana'antu da gonaki.
Kafin ajiye kwai da ƙuji a cikin incubator, ya kamata a kwantar da shi. Qwai don shiryawa adana a + 8-10 ° C da zafi 75-80%. Zaka iya adana ƙwayar ƙwairo fiye da kwanaki 6, turkeys da ducks - ba fiye da kwanaki 8, geese ba - fiye da kwanaki 10. Bayan wannan lokaci, kowane rana mai zuwa zai kara yiwuwar mutuwar amfrayo da kashi 1%.
Yayin da ake yada kananan yara a kan gonaki, lafiyar jiki, hali, abinci mai gina jiki, da shan shan kowane mutum ana sarrafawa. Ana kuma kula da yanayin plumage. Idan an lura da abubuwan da ba'a sani ba, to, sai an kafa lamarin su, kuma, idan ya cancanta, ana kiran masu veterinarians.
Yawan tsuntsaye a gidan da mita mita ya zama kamar haka:
- kwai da nama (samari) - tsuntsaye 11-12;
- manya (kaji, turkeys, ducks, geese) - 3-4.
Koyi yadda za a samar da tsuntsaye, kaji, turkeys, ducks, hawks, geese, quails, guine fowls, pigeons, pheasants, ostriches a gonaki masu zaman kansu.
Ƙididdigar masu ciyar da abinci, matsayinsu na mutum ɗaya:
- 6-8 cm ga dabbobi masu girma;
- 4-5 cm ga matasa.
Drinkers girmawurare masu samuwa ga mutum guda, dole ne ya kasance akalla 1-3 cm.
Kowane jinsin tsuntsaye dole ne a ciyar da shayar dabam.
Hanyoyin zafin jiki, zafi, da kuma ƙaddamar da gas mai cutarwa a gidajen gidajen kiwon kaji an tsara su ta hanyar dokoki da ka'idojin sanitary. Manoma noma zasu kiyaye dabbobin su a cikin gidan har sai ruwan motsi ya tashi don kada su hadu da tsuntsayen gida.
Dole ne a sanya rukuni na samari na samari a cikin ɗaki na musamman (mai tsanani), da tsabtacewa da kuma disinfected.
Nemo idan zaka iya ajiye kaji da zomaye, kaji da duck tare.
Matakan yin rigakafi da kawar da cututtuka na tsuntsaye a cikin farmsteads
Bisa ga ka'idar dabbobi, duk wanda ya mallaki dabbobi da kuma samar da samfurori dole ne ya bi umarnin masu aikin magani don aiwatar da ayyukan rigakafi don magance cututtukan dabbobi.
A matsayin ma'auni na rigakafi ga cututtuka na tsuntsaye masu guba a kan farmsteads, baya ga lafiyar dabbobi da magunguna, sunyi alurar rigakafin dabbobi, suna la'akari da halin da ake ciki a cikin yankin.
Masu mallakan tsuntsaye su samar da tsuntsu don dubawa a kan bukatar likitan dabbobi.
A wannan buƙatar, masu mallaka sunyi rahoton adadin shugabannin a kowane nau'i da ke cikin gonar.
Idan akwai tsammanin wata cuta ko ganewar asali a cikin tsuntsu, ana daukar matakai bisa ka'idojin magance cutar.
Shin kuna sani? A Turai, kaji ya zo a ƙarshen karni na XVIII tare da babban kiwo na kaji.
Bayan nazarin ka'idar da ke kula da abin da tsuntsaye ke ciki a dukiyar mallakar mutum, za ka iya ba da kyau ga kayan dabbobi. Wannan zai taimaka ba kawai don guje wa hukunci daga hukumomi ba, amma har ma don bunkasa samfurori masu kyau.
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