Daga cikin gonar lambu a cikin ƙasa na farko ya fara samun albasa. Dangane da rashin aikin sa, ana iya shuka shi a zafin jiki na 10-12 ° C. Na farko-irin nau'o'in matasan da kuma matasan sun fi dacewa da irin waɗannan yanayi. Daga cikinsu, sanannun iri-iri na albasa "Corrado". Game da siffofinsa, fasaha, saukowa, kuma za a tattauna a cikin labarinmu.
Bambancin bayanin
Kwan fitila "Corrado" - siffar da aka zana, an rufe shi da mai yawa, biyu, zinariya-yellow ko zinariya-brown husk. Peel yana da ruɗaɗɗen ruɗaɗɗen Siffofin da ke ciki, wanda yana ƙara inganta adadin albasa da kuma adana ta gabatarwa. Ganyayyaki suna da zurfi, tare da tsari na biyu (kowanne daga bisani ya fito daga sinus na baya), kai tsawon kimanin 30 cm Ana fentin su a cikin launi mai launi. A albasa da aka dasa a kan tsaba yana samar da dogon (har zuwa 1.5 cm) m arrow, a ƙarshen abin da aka kafa inflorescence. A ƙarshen lokacin flowering, tsaba masu launin baki ba su da tushe a cikin kwalaye. 
Abũbuwan amfãni a kan wasu iri:
- high yawan amfanin ƙasa;
- Kyakkyawan ajiya mai kyau;
- Tsayayyar magancewa;
- tsarin tushen karfi;
- high jure cututtuka da kwari.
- babban balaga (96-100%);
- biyu husks.
Abubuwa mara kyau:
- ba ya jure yanayin yanayin zafi, don haka ya fi dacewa yayi girma a cikin kudancin tsakiyar da tsakiyar tsakiyar.
Shin kuna sani? Shafin Farko F1 a cikin sunan iri-iri "Corrado F1" ya ce wannan iri-iri ne matasan heterotic na ƙarni na farko, wanda aka samo asali daga hanyar haɗuwa ba tare da dangantaka ba. Wannan matasan ya karu da karfi, yawan aiki, girma, jure cututtuka da kwari.
Halaye na albasa da yawan amfanin ƙasa
Da iri-iri ne matsakaici farkon. A cewar wani tushe, za a iya girbi girbi 93-97 days bayan germination. Wasu matakai suna cewa ya dauki kwanaki 100-105. Wataƙila wannan bambanci a cikin sharuddan shi ne saboda yanayin sauyin yanayi wanda al'adu ke tsiro. A cikin yanayi mai dadi, ya fi sauri a cikin sanyi. "Corrado" yana halin yawan amfanin ƙasa: daga 1 square. Zan iya tattara kimanin kilo 8 na albasa. Kuma idan an samar da amfanin gona na hunturu, to, daga gona daya ne amfanin gona ya kai kimanin kilogiram 350. 
Alamar kwararan fitila:
- Nauyin nauyi: 110-130 g;
- siffar: zane-zane.
- dandano: matsakaicin matsakaici.
Zaɓi na dasa kayan
Yawancin lokaci albasarta suna girma daga sevka. Zai iya ko dai ka shirya ta kanka ko saya a kantin sayar da. Idan ka zaɓi Corrado sa a karo na farko, ya kamata ka la'akari da wasu daga cikin abubuwan da aka zaba na zabukan. Akwai nau'in iri iri, iri dabam dabam a cikin girman.
Shuka slizun, shallot, batun, chives, da kuma albasa da yawa.
Kowane girman ya dace da wani lokacin saukowa:
- mafi ƙanƙanta (8-14 mm) - manufa don dasa shuki na hunturu;
- matsakaici (14-21 mm) - dace da hunturu da kuma tsire-tsire.
- babban (21-24 mm) - dace da saukowa podzimny a kan gashin tsuntsu, kuma a lokacin dasa shuki zai ba da girbi mai kyau idan an lura da lokacin saukowa;
- babban (24-30 mm) - manufa, kamar yadda a baya iri-iri, amma wannan sevke mafi araha;
- samfurori (30-40 mm) - albasa ya shirya don ganye.
Yana da muhimmanci! Dole a adana Sevok a cikin wani wuri mai dumi (10)-15 ° C) kuma a wani zafi na 70-75%. Kada ka ƙyale yawan zafin jiki ya tsalle, in ba haka ba iri zai harba kibiyoyi ba.Zaɓin tsaba yana da sauki fiye da dasa. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata a bi da ku ta hanyar mulkin: "tabbatar" yana nufin 'yanci. Idan ka saya tsaba a karon farko, ba da fifiko ga masu sane da aka sani. Har ila yau, ya fi dacewa da siyayya a ɗakunan ajiya na musamman, maimakon a kasuwanni. Don zaɓaɓɓun tsaba, kuma duba ranar karewa da aka nuna akan lakabin. Lokacin da kuka dawo gida, ku tabbata duba asalin shuka.
Don yin wannan, ɗauki daruruwan tsaba daga kunshin kuma saka su cikin gilashi ko akwati don seedlings na 50-100 ml, an rufe shi da takarda takarda ko gauze. Ruwa tare da ruwa kadan, saboda haka tsaba suna dan kadan. Abun iya tsaftacewa a cikin zafi don kwanaki 7-10. Sa'an nan kuma ƙidaya yawan adadin tsaba. Gurasar ya zama akalla 50%.Yanayin girma
A ƙarƙashin albasa albasa a cikin mãkirci, zaɓi wuri a kan wani ɗan tudu, da rana ta daɗaɗa shi kuma an ƙi shi daga iskar iska. Shafin al'adu ba ya son zane. Masu goyon baya da kuma mazauna yankin da za su iya amfani da ita suna iya dasa iri-iri na Corrado don hunturu a cikin Oktoba-Nuwamba, lokacin da yawan zafin jiki na ƙasa ya kai 5 ° C. Mazauna mazauna mazauna yanayin zafi sunyi jira don bazara, lokacin da yawan zafin jiki ya rinjayi kariya daga 10-12 ° C. Alamun zafin jiki mafi kyau domin ripening da albasarta - 18-20 ° C. A yanayin zafi mafi girma da kuma rashin ruwan danshi, dandano yana ciwo, kuma a yanayin zafi mai zurfi, ci gaban yana raguwa.
Koyi yadda za a shuka albasa, menene rokambol, Indiya da kuma albasa.
Kasar gona da taki
"Corrado" daidai ya dauki tushe a kowace ƙasa. Amma idan kuna son samun girbi mai kyau, dasa shuki mai noma a sako-sako, tsage, gina ƙasa mai laushi. Ya kamata a yi tsauraran mataki. Idan akwai buƙatar ƙwayar ƙasa, to, wannan ya kamata a yi shekaru 2-3 kafin shuka albasa da taimakon lemun tsami. Har ila yau, Humus dole ne a yi shi a gaba (shekaru 1.5-2). 
Tsakanin wadanda suka riga sun kasance - farkon kabeji, zucchini, cucumbers, tumatir, farkon dankali. Albasa bayan albasa za a iya dasa ne kawai bayan shekaru 3-4. Daidai makwabta - karas. Wadannan al'adu suna kare juna daga kwari. Kada ka bayar da shawarar dasa albasa bayan legumes na takin (peas, wake).
Girma daga zuriyar zuwa seedlings a gida
Girman shuke-shuke na amfanin gonar lambu a cikin latitudes ɗinmu ba dama ba kawai don samun girbi a lokaci ba, amma har ma ya kara amfanin gona mai mahimmanci. Albasa iri "Corrado" - babu banda.
Tsarin shirye
Idan ka duba tsaba don shuka, to, shiri ya fara kamar 'yan kwanaki kafin shuka. Idan tsaba ba su wuce jarabawar ba, to kuna buƙatar kimanin makonni 2, kuma kuna iya ɗaukar maye gurbin kayan abu (gwajin germination an bayyana a sama). Dole ne a yi tsanani da kayan abu mai kyau. Don yin wannan, a cikin karamin akwati, rubuta ruwa a zafin jiki na 50 ° C. Yi noma da tsaba a ciki na minti 20, bayan abin da kyawawan kayan dasawa a karkashin ruwa mai gudana na minti 2-3. 
Bugu da ari, idan mai sana'anta bai nuna cewa an lalata iri ba, dole ne a yi hanya ta atomatik. Soka da tsaba na tsawon sa'o'i 24 a cikin wani bayani mai rauni na potassium permanganate. Bayan haka zaku iya jiƙa a cikin matukar girma, kamar "Ecopin", na kimanin 3 hours. Saka rubutun da ba a sanya su a cikin tsumma mai tsummoki kuma su dumi. Kowace rana dole ne a bincika tsaba don kasancewar sprouts. Lokacin da 3-5% na tsaba suna bayyana sprouts, ana iya dasa su a cikin ƙasa.
Zai zama mai ban sha'awa don sanin - yadda za a shuka albasa daga tsaba.
Abun ciki da wuri
Za'a iya yin shuka ko dai a cikin kofuna ko a cikin kwalaye da aka tsara don seedlings. Rashin zurfin su ba zai wuce 6-9 cm ba. Akwai ramukan ramuka a kasa. A matsayin ƙasa, zaka iya amfani da samfurori da aka saya don amfanin gona ko kayan lambu ko shirya cakuda kanka. Don yin wannan, ɗauki takardar da sodium, humus, kogin yashi a cikin rabo daga 1: 1: 1.5: 0.5.
Akwatin da wajibi na gaba an rufe shi da fim kuma sanya shi a wuri mai dumi. Lokacin da harbe ya bayyana, an cire seedlings zuwa wuri mai haske kuma an cire fim din. Ya kamata a kiyaye yawan zafin jiki a cikin 15-16 ° C.
Tsarin shuka shuka
A cikin bude ƙasa, ana shuka yawancin shuka lokacin da ragowar raguwa (kamar Afrilu-Mayu). A wannan lokaci, harbe ya zama kwanaki 50-60. Daga wannan wajibi ne a gina a yayin da aka kirga ranar shuka. An dasa tsaba a cikin kwalaye da masu tweezers. 
Kowace ƙwayar da aka shuka a sanya shi a cikin kananan cavities (grooves) a cikin ƙasa a nesa da 1.5 cm daga juna. Top yafa masa ƙasa, an rufe shi da tsare da tsabta a wuri mai dumi. Har sai seedlings ya bayyana, yawan zafin jiki a cikin dakin ya zama 18-25 ° C. Bayan an saukar da ita zuwa 14-16 ° C, an cire fim ɗin kuma an tura kwalaye zuwa wuri mai duhu. Wadannan manipulations wajibi ne don kada seedlings su shimfiɗa.
Kula da seedlings
Domin tsire-tsire su yi girma sosai, dole ne a shayar da su akai-akai tare da zafin ruwa a dakin da zafin jiki. Dole ne a yi watering lokacin da bushewa saman Layer na ƙasa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ka yi kokarin hana bushewa ko, a akasin haka, ƙasa mai laushi.Bukatar matasa da albasarta da kuma ciyar. Ya kamata a gudanar da shi kafin dasa shuki seedlings a ƙasa. Ya kamata cin abinci ya zama 2, tare da wani lokaci na kwanaki 14. A matsayin taki, amfani da bayani na 20 g na superphosphate, 5 g na potassium chloride, 10 g na urea, diluted a lita 10 na ruwa. Zaka iya amfani da abinci mai sauƙi: kazaran kaza, wanda aka shafe shi cikin ruwa a cikin kashi 1 zuwa 10.
Transplanting seedlings zuwa ƙasa
Mun riga mun lura cewa dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa a bude an gudanar da shi a ƙarshen rana. A wannan lokaci, yarinya albasa ya kamata ya zama ganye na gaskiya. Watanni 2 na makonni kafin ranar kiyasta na dasa shuki da shuka dole ne a taurare. Don haka, ana gudanar da seedlings a kan baranda ko a kan titi. Hanyar farko ba zata wuce fiye da minti 10-15 ba. Kowace rana, ya kamata a kara yawan lokaci.
Karanta yadda za a takin albasarta.
Ana gudanar da saukarwa a rana. Kasar gona tare da tsire-tsire ana shayarwa kuma an cire shi daga ƙasa. Idan tsarin tushensa yayi tsawo, ya kamata a rage ta ta uku. Ya kamata a sanya grooves a nesa na 30 cm daya daga daya. A cikinsu tare da wani lokaci na 5 cm dasa seedlings. An binne shi 1 cm a cikin ƙasa. Kowane abu yana shayar da shayar kuma yana cike da peat.
Noma daga sevka a bude ƙasa
Wannan hanyar al'adun gargajiya ta fi sani da mu. Amma yana da nasa tilas.
Zaɓin zabin yanayi da shiri na ƙasa
Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, albasa "Corrado" yana son mai gina jiki, mai laushi, ƙasa mai laushi kuma ya fi so ya yi girma a kan dutse, a wuri da aka dakatar da iskõki. Yawanci sevka dasa a cikin ƙasa. Ana amfani da gine-gine ne kawai a lokacin da ya zama dole don samun ganye a lokacin bazara da lokacin kaka. Idan an shirya dasa tsire-tsire, to, kasar gona ya kamata a cike da launi tare da foliage, peat da humus, wanda zai haifar da Layer na 8-10 cm. 
Wannan zai kare ƙasa daga daskarewa. Makonni 2 makonni kafin farawar sanyi, an cire ciyawa da shuka ana shuka a cikin ƙasa. Sama da ƙasa sake buƙatar ciyawa. A lokacin da aka dasa shuki, an yi amfani da ciyawa da aka dasa a cikin kaka, an dasa ƙasa da rake da raguna. Suka sanya albasa da kuma rufe da kayan musamman.
Tsarin shirye
Kimanin watanni daya kafin zuwan saukar da amfanin gona, ana buƙatar kayan shukawa. An ware ta hanyar girman, mai tsabta tsararre, dried, da albasarta da suka ji rauni. Kayan da aka ƙayyade ya ɗauki hanyar bushewa a cikin ɗakin dumi mai dumi ba tare da zane ba. Dandalin sevok ya zama dole don dumi, don kada ya bari kiban suna gaba da lokaci. Zaka iya dumi ƙarƙashin baturin ko cikin rana.
Yana da muhimmanci! Jiƙa da datsa wuyan wucin gadi ba lallai ba ne.Za a kiyaye makonni 2 na farko a zafin jiki na 20 ° C don warming up. Bayan, na tsawon sa'o'i 8-10, sanya saitin a yanayin da zafin jiki na 40 ° C. Yana da mahimmanci kada a shafe iri. Kafin dasa shuki, kina buƙatar tsaftace jikin. Albasa suna immersed a cikin wani bayani na jan karfe sulfate (30 g da 10 l na ruwa) na 2 hours. Sai an wanke albasa da ruwa.
Hanyar dasa shuki sevka a ƙasa
An dasa shukar iri a cikin gadaje wanda aka sanya bishiyoyi a gaba. Rashin zurfin furrow dole ne ya dace da girman da aka saita. Idan gilashin hawan diamita na 1 cm, to, zurfin tsagi ya kamata ya zama kimanin 4 cm. Ya kamata a yi tsagi a nesa na 20-30 cm daya daga ɗaya. An dana kwanciyar hankali 3-5 cm a cikin ƙasa. Ya kamata a samu 5-10 cm tsakanin sassan.
Watering
Na farko yawan watering ya kamata a gudanar da nan da nan bayan dasa shuki da al'adun. Bugu da ari, kimanin cikin watanni 2, wajibi ne don shayar da albarkatun gona sau 1-2 a mako. Watering yana da kyau tare da zafin ruwa a dakin da zafin jiki. Idan lokacin bushe ya isa, ana ƙara yawan yawan watering. Yi gyara tazarar kanka, bisa ga yanayin ƙasa. Wani wuri a tsakiyar tsakiyar zamani, ana rage yawan mita watering. 2-3 makonni kafin girbi, watering an tsaya.
Ƙasa mai tsawa da weeding
Ana kwantar da ƙasa a lokacin cirewar weeds. Kuma za a cire weeds a kai a kai (sau ɗaya a mako), in ba haka ba zasu shawo kan ci gaban al'ada. Ba lallai ba ne don spud da albasarta yayin da ya sassauta ƙasa. Dole ne a gudanar da hanya a maraice ko lokacin safiya (kafin farawar zafi) a yanayin bushe.
Top dressing
Tare da shirye-shiryen ƙasa mai kyau, ƙwarewa bazai zama dole ba. Amma idan ka lura da wani cin zarafi a cikin ci gaban al'adu, bayyanar launin yellowness a kan foliage, to, kana buƙatar yin cakuda mai gina jiki a ƙasa. Hanyar mafi sauki don shirya cakuda ammonium nitrate (10 g) da gishiri (15 g) da kuma narke shi a guga na ruwa. Wannan zai isa ya ciyar 1 square. m gadaje. Zaka kuma iya yin ash. 
Kwaro, cututtuka da kuma rigakafi
A iri-iri ne resistant zuwa cututtuka da kwari. Saboda haka, idan duk ka'idojin namo suna kiyaye, al'ada za ta kasance girbi mai kyau.
Girbi da Kariya
Lokacin dabbaccen albasa "Corrado" shine kwanaki 93-105. Bayan wannan lokacin, kidaya daga harbe, za ka iya girbi. Albasa ripening zai shaida:
- cessation na sabon leaf girma;
- faduwa da launi zuwa ƙasa da mutuwar ta hankali (yellowing);
- thinning da softening na albasa ƙira.
A yunkurin bushewa da albasarta dole ne a juya da kuma haɗe. Ruwan lokaci - 1-2 makonni. Ana adana amfanin gona a cikin ɗakin da aka yi a cikin iska a cikin zazzabi na 15-20 ° C a cikin kwalaye na katako. A karkashin yanayin ajiya, albasa na wannan iri-iri na iya wucewa don sabon amfanin gona, riƙe duk dukiyarsa.Matsaloli masu yiwuwa da shawarwari
Babban matsalar da yawancin albasa - rifle - "Corrado" ba shi da wani abu. Amma ya kasance daban-daban: launin rawaya na launi, bayyanar haushi, faduwar launin kore, da juyawar gashin tsuntsaye.
- Samun rassan ganye zai iya faruwa saboda rashin abinci a cikin ƙasa ko rashin nasarar kulawa da shuka. Wajibi ne don ciyar da al'adu tare da ƙwayar abinci mai gina jiki da kuma daidaita tsarin mulki na watering, weeding, da kuma sassautawa.
- Akwai haushi a yanayin zafi mai zafi. Wadannan ka'idoji suna haifar da tarawar glycosides a cikin kwan fitila, wanda ke ba da haushi. Sabili da haka, a lokacin rani, wajibi ne don ƙara yawan mita na ban ruwa da kuma ciyar da amfanin gona.
- Ganye tarnish tare da rashin nitrogen a cikin ƙasa. Don normalize matakin da kashi a cikin ƙasa ya kamata shirya wani bayani na urea (10-15 g da lita 5 na ruwa).
- Tsuntsaye masu girbi tare da rashin potassium. Yin gyaran gishiri mai gishiri (5-7 g da 5 l na ruwa) zai taimaka wajen ramawa ga asarar rawar.
Shin kuna sani? Yankewa a idanu da kunya lokacin da yankan albasa aka haifar da amino acid da aka saki daga kwayoyin halitta maras kyau. Yin hulɗa tare da enzymes, sun canza zuwa acid, sannan - a cikin iskar gas. A ƙarshe, yin amfani da jikin mucous na idanu da kuma haɗuwa da ruwan hawaye, siffofin sulfuric acid, wanda zai haifar da fushi.
Albasa "Corrado" - wani high-yawan amfanin ƙasa tsakiyar kakar matasan, da amincewa samun matsayi na musamman a tsakanin irin wannan iri. Kyakkyawar ingancinsa da dandano mai kyau yana da sauƙi don adana kayan lambu don dukan hunturu. Wannan yana da sauki ta hanyar sauƙi a shuka amfanin gona.
