Daya daga cikin shahararren amfanin gona a lambuna na kasar shi ne cucumbers. Har zuwa yau, akwai kayan lambu iri iri masu kyau, waɗanda suke da kyau da sabo, da kuma lokacin girbi na hunturu. A cikin wannan labarin za mu tattauna da iri-iri "Pickled", wanda sunan yake magana akan kansa.
Bambancin bayanin
Yawancin tsirrai da wuri, ba ma da aka haɗuwa, tare da tsantsa mai tsayi da tsummoki mai laushi, wanda aka yada tare da veins. Da iri-iri ba shi da tabbacin, amma an yi nufi don namo a wurare masu buɗewa. "Pickling" yana nufin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, amma ovaries ne kawai yake samar da furanni. Don sharar daji yana buƙatar kwari.
Yi amfani da nauyin haɓaka iri iri na cucumbers "Miracle" na Sin, "Murom", "Buyan", "Claudia", "Murashka", "Sheaf Splendor", "Green Stream", "Bouquet", "Paratunka", "Shosh", "Aquarius" "," Berendey "," Spino ".
Daga cikin abũbuwan amfãni daga cikin iri-iri suna da wadannan:
- ba ji tsoron shading;
- resistant rigakafi zuwa mafi yawan kabeji cututtuka;
- kulawa mara kyau;
- kyau shuka;
- seedlings daidaitawa sauƙi bayan transplanting;
- kyau flowering da 'ya'yan itace ovary;
- kyakkyawan 'ya'yan itace;
- high yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Abinda ya dawo baya shi ne rayuwar ɗan gajeren lokaci da kuma adana lokacin gabatarwa a lokacin yakin.
Shin kuna sani? Kwanakun suna girma har tsawon shekaru dubu shida, kuma sun fito ne daga Indiya, daga wurare masu tsaka-tsaki da wurare masu zafi a ƙarƙashin tudun Himalayan.
Hanyoyin 'ya'yan itace da yawan amfanin ƙasa
Da iri-iri sun fara da wuri - bayan fitowar harbe, ana iya girbi amfanin gonar kwanaki 40-45. Lokacin ƙayyadadden lokaci shine Yuli-Agusta, dangane da yankin. Yawancin nau'in nau'i nau'i ne a kan kilo mita 5 daga wani yanki na mita 1.
'Ya'yan suna da siffar wata ƙarancin elongated, tare da kauri mai launi a duka iyakoki, masu girma daga 9 zuwa 14 cm, nauyi har zuwa 120 grams. A kan fuska na fata mai launin fata akwai alamu da yawa da aka ba da baki.
Kwanan ɓangaren litattafan almara ne mai ban sha'awa, m, ba tare da haushi ba, wanda zai sa ya yiwu a yi amfani da ita a sabo ne. Akwai matukar jin dadi da kuma muni mai mahimmanci, ba a yi hasara ba bayan da aka yiwa ruwa. Kyakkyawar ingancin ita ce lokacin da kullin fata na kokwamba baya juya launin rawaya.
Zabi na seedlings
Yana da kyau saya seedlings a cikin gandun daji: a cikin wannan yanayin, akwai amincewa cewa ya dace da bayyana sunan da iri-iri. Shuka ya dace da seedlings a lokacin da yake da makonni uku, tare da bangarori biyu masu karfi, rassan tsakiya mai tsayi da wadataccen launi mai launi.
Koyi abin da irin shuka germination ya dogara, yadda za a shuka cucumbers don seedlings, yadda za a ciyar da cucumbers a lokacin flowering da fruiting, yadda za a shuka cucumbers, yadda za a yi amfani da grid trellis ga cucumbers, yadda za a ruwa cucumbers, ko kana bukatar ka yanke ganye na cucumbers.
A kan ɓangaren ɓangaren tsire-tsire bai kamata lalacewa da launi masu duhu ba, ya kamata tushen su zama rigar. A ganiya tsawo na sapling ne 30 cm.
Kasar gona da taki
Nutritious, drained, sako-sako da ƙasa tare da tsaka tsaki ko dan kadan alkaline dauki dace da girma cucumbers. Wannan yana iya zama loam. Mafi kyau ga masu al'adu shine albasa, dankali, barkono.
An shirya ƙasa sau biyu:
- a lokacin kaka, lokacin da ake yin amfani da kayan lambu, ana amfani da kayan aikin kayan lambu - taki, takin, guga na taki da mita. A ƙasa an tsabtace daga dukkanin sharan sharan gona da weeds;
- A cikin bazara, lokacin da ake yin tsaftacewa da sarrafawa, ana amfani da mahallin ma'adinai bisa ga umarnin.
Yanayin girma
Cucumbers suna da asali na wurare masu zafi, saboda haka suna son zafi da damshi. Ƙasar da amfanin gona ke tsiro kada ta bushe, kuma ba zai dace ba don cucumbers su yi girma a cikin inuwa. Kodayake wannan nau'in yana jin dadi sosai tare da wasu shading, yana da kyau a zabi wani wuri wanda aka rufe daga zanewa da wuri mai haske.
Girma daga zuriyar zuwa seedlings a gida
Yawancin lambu sun fi son shuka kansu, kamar yadda a cikin wannan yanayin akwai karin chances don samun lafiya, mai ma'ana.
Shin kuna sani? Likitoci na duniyar Dioscorides, Theophrastus, da kuma bayan su, Avicenna ya bada shawarar 'ya'yan itatuwa a matsayin magunguna don cututtuka na hanta da ciki.
Tsarin shirye
Kafin dasa shuki, an sarrafa tsaba don ƙin yarda da haka. Ana dasa kayan abu a cikin wani bayani mai sauƙi, cire tsaba da taso kan ruwa. Wadanda suka fadi zuwa kasan tanki, sunyi bushe kusan kimanin awa hudu (yana da mahimmanci kada su shafe).
Abun ciki da wuri
Kokwamba seedlings ba sa son dashi, yana da rauni kuma zai iya karya cikin tsari, saboda haka ana girma a cikin peat ko kofuna na filastik, waɗanda aka sanya a cikin kwandon fili, misali, a cikin akwati.
Tsarin shuka shuka
Lokacin da aka shuka a cikin filastik, an shirya ruwan magani na musamman wanda zai kare seedlings daga ƙwayoyin cuta kuma ƙarfafa tsarin su na rigakafi: peat, mullein, sawdust a cikin wani rabo na 3: 0.5: 1. An binne zuriyar a cikin santimita biyu, to, an iya yin amfani da albarkatu tare da fim. Adadin zafin jiki kafin bayyanar sprouts shine + 25 ° C. Bayan germination, an saukar da shi zuwa + 18 ° C, in ba haka ba seedlings zai shimfiɗa.
Dasa cucumbers don seedlings: bidiyo
Tsarin abinci
An dasa shuki a cikin wuri mai dumi da haske, da maraice na lantarki dosvechivayut. Dole ne a tabbatar da cewa zafi kusan 75% ne, kuma ƙasa ba ta bushe ba. Don yin wannan, ana yaduwa kasar gona tare da bindigar sau biyu a mako.
Lokacin da ɓangaren biyu na ganye ya bayyana, suna ciyar da shuka don seedlings bisa ga umarnin. Har ila yau wajibi ne a tsayar da tsire-tsire daga hasken rana, idan akwatin yana kan windowsill.
Dive saplings ba su daraja shi, kana bukatar ka cire rauni harbe, barin tsakanin su nesa na 5-7 santimita.
Kwana guda kafin a canzawa zuwa shafin, ana amfani da su zuwa yanayin yanayin budewa. Akwatin take kaiwa zuwa iska mai sauƙi, sauƙin haɓaka lokacin "tafiya".
Transplanting seedlings zuwa ƙasa
Dangane da yanayin yanayin a yankin, lokacin dasa shi ne Afrilu-Mayu, yanayin babban shine rashin yiwuwar komawa sanyi.
Ana dasa shuki a rana, zai fi dacewa kwanaki biyu bayan ruwan sama, don haka kasar gona ta ba da zafi da danshi. Tsakanin tsire-tsire suna barin nisa na 30 cm, tsakanin layuka - 70 cm.
Yana da muhimmanci! Lokacin da girma ta hanyar shuka, za'a iya samun 'ya'yan fari a mako ɗaya ko biyu a baya fiye da lokacin amfani da hanyar iri.
Agrotechnics girma tsaba a bude ƙasa
A yankunan kudancin ba za ku iya shiga cikin namo na seedlings ba, kuma ku shuka tsaba a cikin tsaba nan da nan a cikin ƙasa.
Yanayin waje
An yi amfani da "Pickled" iri-iri domin noma a bude ƙasa: tun lokacin da ƙudan zuma ke gurbata al'adu, girma a cikin wani gine-gine zai zama da wuya. Don dasa shuki tsaba a bude ƙasa, zabi mai shiru, ba mai saukin iskõki ba, kadan a kan tudu kuma bude zuwa rana.
Koyi wane nau'in iri-iri ne mafi kyau shuka a cikin ƙasa.
Hanyar dasa tsaba a ƙasa
Ana yin shuka a kan shafin a cikin kwanciyar hankali na rana mai zafi fiye da + 15 ° C da dare - ba kasa da + 8 ° C. Don tabbatar da samfurin microclimate da ake buƙata don tsaba, gado da yanayin greenhouse an shirya shi a mako guda kafin shuka shuka: ana shuka tsire-tsire (ciyawa, rassan) a cikin rami rabin mita mai zurfi da kimanin centimetimita fadi, wanda ya rufe shi da fim mai zurfi.
Hanyar shirya kayan gada mai dadi: bidiyo
Bayan mako guda, rike da dabino a saman fuskar, zaka iya jin zafi mai fita. Ramin ya rufe ƙasa don 30 centimeters, ba kasa ba, in ba haka ba tushen tushen sprout zai ƙone daga overheating.
Na gaba, yi ajiyar tsaba har zuwa 2 cm kuma saka tsaba biyu a rami ɗaya, yayin da nisa tsakanin rami na da rabin mita. Sa'an nan kuma an shuka albarkatun da fim, wanda za'a cire bayan bayyanar nau'i biyu na ganye.
Watering
Tabbas, cucumbers suna buƙatar ruwan sama na yau da kullum: ba ruwa sosai a kowane kwana biyu zuwa uku. Sabili da haka, idan babu irin wannan yanayi, ana shayar da kokwamba sau da yawa, amma a matsakaici. Rashin ruwa na yau da kullum zai dogara ne akan laka mai laushi: ya kamata a yi rigar zuwa zurfin 15 cm. Zai fi kyau a dauki ruwa mai dumi, ruwan sama mai kyau, ana gudanar da hanya da maraice.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tare da kullum a cikin yanayin rana, akwai hadarin konewa sakamakon ganye daga evaporation na tarko da ruwa droplets.
Ƙasa mai tsawa da weeding
Bayan ban ruwa, ana yin sukuwa don saturate ƙasa tare da oxygen. Tsarin tsarin al'adu yana samuwa a zurfin kimanin centimetimita 20 - lokacin da aka cire shi dole ne a rika la'akari don kada ya lalata tushen.
Tun da tsarin tushen tsarin cucumbers ba zai iya yin gasa ba tare da ciyayi don abinci, kana buƙatar ciyawa da gadaje na al'ada, cire makwabta maras so.
Masking
Tun da irin nau'o'in da ba su da kullun ba su da wani ƙuntataccen ci gaba, suna girma da yawa sau da yawa ta hanya ta trellis. A wannan yanayin, samuwar shuka a cikin wani akwati zai zama manufa.
Cikakken tsakiyar zai yi girma, dukkan ovaries da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu zuwa zasu kasance a kan wannan layin, wanda zai taimakawa girbi. Da wannan samfurin, an cire sassan layi da ovaries.
Garra bel
Don tying "Pickle" ya kafa magungunan katako na katako kuma ya shimfiɗa maƙalar motsa jiki tsakanin su. Baya ga daidaituwa da saukakawa, wannan hanyar girma yana hana nutsewar ruwa a cikin shuka, wanda zai haifar da bayyanar fungi da kwayoyin.
Top dressing
Ana amfani da iri-iri sau biyu a kowace kakar. A lokacin yaduwar kore, an shirya cakuda ammonium nitrate da potassium chloride (4 grams), superphosphate (10 grams) da lita goma na ruwa. A lokacin da aka kafa ovaries su ciyar da wannan bayani, amma tare da sashi ninki biyu ta wurin adadin ruwa.
Kwaro, cututtuka da kuma rigakafi
Suman cututtuka ne ƙarya powdery mildew, powdery mildew, gizon zaitun, tushen rot.
Drugs da aka fesa ga magani:
- "Allirin-B";
- "Fitosporin-M";
- "Oxy".
Jarabawa da za su iya kai farmaki ga magunguna:
- aphid (magani - "Akarin");
- gizo-gizo mite ("Fitoverm", "Fufanon");
- whitefly ("Aktellik", "Confidor").
Girbi da ajiya
Girbi tun Yuli. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun yi daidai a lokaci guda, saboda haka kana bukatar ka duba su. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna rabu da juna daga stalk, suna barin shi a kan shoot, yana da kyau a yanka tare da wuka mai kaifi.
Tun da iri-iri suna bred don canning, ana girbe 'ya'yan itace lokacin da ta kai 10 cm a tsawon, wanda ya dace lokacin da aka sanya shi cikin kwalba. Ana yin girbi a maraice a lokacin bazara, 'ya'yan itatuwa da aka ɗebo a cikin inuwa.
Duba fitar da girke-girke na cucumbers tare da mustard tsaba, chili ketchup, cucumbers a cikin Yaren mutanen Koriya, sliced cucumbers domin hunturu, pickled, mai sauƙi salted, crispy cucumbers.
Wadannan cucumbers basu adana sabo ba fiye da mako ɗaya, basu buƙatar wanke su kuma sanya su cikin firiji.
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa da shawarwari
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa tare da shuka suna kamar haka:
- dried ganye da ovaries, fall;
- An kafa ɓoye a cikin 'ya'yan itace.
Gano dalilin da ya sa ganye na cucumbers juya launin fari, juya launin rawaya, juya rawaya da bushe, fade cucumbers, abin da za a yi da midges a kan cucumbers, abin da ya yi domin cucumbers ba m, dalilin da ya sa ovaries na cucumbers juya launin rawaya.
Dalilin irin waɗannan matsalolin:
- yanayin zafi saukad da kuma rashin tsari a wannan lokaci;
- wuce gona da iri, musamman nitrogen;
- matsalar rashin abinci mai gina jiki;
- cuta tushen;
- rashin isasshen ruwa.
Kayan-kwari iri iri "Zasolochny" ya cancanci yin nazari mai girma na mazauna mazauna mazauna mata da mazauna: 'ya'yan itatuwa sune mafita ga kowane irin adana hunturu, ciki har da salads, zaka iya amfani da su sabo. Don cimma girbi mai kyau ba wuyar ba, kana buƙatar ka bi ka'idodin al'ada.
Fidio: taƙaitaccen bayanin irin abubuwan da ake kira cucumber iri-iri
