A cikin tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire na gida suna darajar su ne musamman don bayyanar ado da furanni. Wani ma'auni marar kyau "haskaka" irin wannan jagorancin aikin gona na kayan lambu shine Ipomoea yam, wanda aka dade yana da kayan lambu. Amma a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, tsire-tsire na cikin gida na Ipomoea ya sami karbuwa, kuma saboda kyawawan dalilai, tun da launin launi da launuka da furanni zasu taimakawa cikin gida.
Bayanan Botanical
A matsayin kayan lambu, an yi amfani da Ipomoea fiye da shekara dubu 5 da suka gabata. Sunan "mai dadi mai dadi" an kira shi da ƙungiyar Indiya ta kasar ta Taino, wanda ke zaune a cikin yankuna na girma. Ipomoea wani abu ne mai ban sha'awa, amma a cikin gonar gida yana girma ne a matsayin shuki na shekara-shekara. Bisa ga bambancin kimiyya, tsomoea yam yana daya daga cikin jinsin tsire-tsire iri iri na jinsin Ipomea na iyalin Vyunkovye kuma yana da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. 
Shin kuna sani? Abun antioxidants dake cikin yam tubers sun iya rage yiwuwar samun ciwon sukari, amma a ƙarƙashin yanayin amfani da su akai-akai.
Tun 1793, Jean Baptiste Lamarck, Farfesa a Zoology, ya gabatar da irin wannan bayanin burin:
- tushen tsarin: tuberiform, spindle-dimbin yawa, thickened Tushen tare da yellow-orange ɓangaren litattafan almara;
- tushe: m, creeping, lianovidny, m cikin, kai tsawon 3-4 m;
- bar: madaidaici, mai santsi, nau'in zuciya da magungunan nunawa, a haɗe a tushe zuwa ganyayyaki na ganye daga 3 zuwa 14 cm;
- furanni: petals na farin ko launi mai launi, nau'in siffar, mai nauyin haɓaka mai launin mita 3.5-5 cm, an haɗa bishiyoyi guda ɗaya zuwa cikin inflorescences daga kashi 1 zuwa 3;
- Tsaba: densely pubescent, elongated, kai 6 mm a tsawon, a cikin wani ɓangaren angular a cikin wani ɗakin kwana rassan akwatin shirya daban-daban a cikin kowane jam'iyya.
Zuwa ga iyalin convolvulaceae kuma za'a iya sanya irin wannan tsire-tsire kamar: convolvulus, purple purple da calistegia terry.
Dangane da wurin girma da kuma kulawa da kulawa, halayyar Ipomoea na iya bambanta dan kadan daga bayanin da aka kwatanta ta botanical. Babban bambanci shine ƙimar ƙarfin launin launi.
Rarraba da mazaunin
Ruwan Ipomoea yana da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. Kasashen da ke ci gaba sune Afirka, wurare masu zafi na kudancin Amirka, kudu maso gabashin kasar Sin. Za a iya rarrabawa da kuma noma na tsakar rana kamar yadda ake yi da kayan ado a cikin ƙasashe da ke da matsakaici ko yanayi. A cikin latitudes, girbi na tsakar rana ya yi nasara, amma kawai a matsayin tsire-tsire shekara-shekara. 
Yana da muhimmanci! Cin abinci mai dadi a lokacin daukar ciki ko nono yana ba da shawarar.
Popular iri
Lambar ado na Ipomoea ba wai kawai kallo ba ne kawai. Yawancin iri ba su da launi mai laushi, amma suna da daraja sosai don lafiness, siffofin ado da launuka. Mafi mashahuri da shahararrun tsakanin lambu shine irin wannan nau'in:
- Margarita - an nuna shi ne da nau'i-nau'i mai launin fata-nau'i mai launi mai launin zinari;
- Blackie - siffofi dabam-dabam suna da biyar-lobed, warai sun watsar da launin launi mai launi mai duhu da haske launi na furanni;
- Sweet zuciya ja - ƙananan nau'o'in iri-iri ne matasan matasa masu launin launi mai haske, wanda a lokacin saya launin kore-mai launi;
- Pink sanyi - an nuna shi da ƙwayoyi masu launin siffar triangular, launin launi yana kore tare da ruwan hoda da launin rawaya;
- Mafarki Emerald yadin da aka saka - yana da ƙananan lancewa launuka biyar-lobed ganye na launi-koren launi.
Aikace-aikace na Ipomoea yam
Bugu da ƙari, da kayan lambu mai ban sha'awa na mãkirci na gonar da kuma adadin ɗakunan gida, ana amfani da Ipomoea yam a cikin waɗannan yankunan:
- a cikin dafa abinci;
- a magani.
Shin kuna sani? Yam tubers, sau da yawa amfani da abinci, zai iya rage girman da shan taba.Akwai bambancin bambancin launin fata a launi da dandano kayan lambu. Saboda haka, launi na ɓangaren litattafan almara na iya zama cream, yellow, orange ko purple. Ayyukan halaye na samfurin ma dogara ne a kan sa - amfanin gona na tushen zai iya samun gwaninta, 'ya'yan itace ko kayan lambu. "Dankali mai dankali" za'a iya cinye shi, ya dafa ko ya gasa. Zai iya kasancewa a gefen tasa don babban tasa, a kan tushen bishiyoyin kayan lambu mai ban sha'awa da kuma broths an samu, ana iya amfani da ita a matsayin daya daga cikin sinadarai a salads.
A matsayin samfurin abinci Ipomoea yana kawo gagarumin amfani ga jiki. Darajar sinadirai masu mahimmanci, ƙananan calories da yawancin bitamin da kuma ma'adanai suna satura jiki sannan kuma kara yawan tsayayya da cututtuka, wanda yasa aka fi daraja a cikin masana'antar likita. Amfani masu amfani da "dankali mai dadi":- low glycemic index na tushen stimulates jiki zuwa high ra'ayi na insulin;
- fiber na abincin abincin ya ƙunshi al'ada na gastrointestinal tract kuma yana taimakawa wajen kawar da "mummunan" cholesterol, don haka tsaftace jini;
- sake cika jiki tare da abubuwa masu amfani, amfanin gona na tushen ya inganta aiki na hematopoietic tsarin kuma yana ƙaruwa da ƙarancin ganuwar jirgin ruwa;
- bitamin da kuma ma'adanai a cikin abun da ke ciki na tushen suna da kariya masu kumburi akan tsarin mai juyayi;
- Masu carbohydrates da ke ciki a cikin dankalin turawa mai dadi suna shiga cikin ƙwayar tsofaffin gine-ginen, wanda yawancin 'yan wasa masu sana'a suke jin dadin su;
- abun ciki na hormones na mace yana taimakawa wajen karuwa a cikin libido mace kuma ana bada shawara akai akai don amfani da mata a lokacin menopause.
A albasa-slizun, Kale kabeji, watercress, Meadow Sage, guzberi, dodder, chervil, sarki da lyubka kuma rinjaye da gastrointestinal robot.
Amfana jiki kawo ba kawai da tubers na shuka, amma kuma kore harbe.
Yi amfani da zane-zane
Ruwan Ipomoea yana da tsayi mai tsayi, sabili da haka yana iya fadada balaga kawai ko ɗakin baranda ba, amma kuma ya ba da ido ga tsarin gona. Hannunsa shine ikon samar da kullun kayan ado, yana da ban mamaki a cikin tsarin shimfidar wurare kamar yadda ake yin aikin lambu. Wannan yana nufin dasa shuki don yin arches, arbors, fences da sauran fences. Kasancewa mai laushi, a yayin bunkasa Ipomoea yana kunshe da goyon baya, kusa da abin da aka dasa shi, don haka yana taimakawa wajen yi wa yankin ado da kuma taimakawa wajen ɓoye abubuwan da ke faruwa a yanzu. 
Daban iri dabam-dabam na taimakawa wajen ƙirƙirar ƙididdigar asali lokacin da aka haɗu, wanda ke taimakawa wajen ƙirƙirar ƙirar gonar lambu ko filin shakatawa, kuma tsawon lokacin rani-kaka yayi farin ciki tare da dogon launuka masu launuka da launin launuka. A matsayin tsire-tsire, tsire-tsin tsomoya yana da kyau yayin da yake girma a cikin tukwane. Tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire masu girma suna da kyau sosai, kuma idan aka haɗa su tare da iri biyu masu bambanta suna da kyau. Hanyar ingantaccen amulet ya dace da yanayin yanayin gonar gonar, ɗakin ko baranda kuma yana iya ba da ta'aziyya har ma mafi kyau cikin ciki.
Shuka da kula da tsire-tsire
Ruwan Ipomoea ba shi da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, amma a cikin ci gaban bazai kawo matsala mai yawa ba. Tare da yanayin kiyayewa da kyau da kuma la'akari da bukatun da shuka zuwa ƙasa da watering da ipomoea yana da girma girma na harbe da sauri flowering.
Karanta game da launuka dabam dabam kamar sundew, passionflower, nepentes, orchis, hoya, camellia da amorphophallus.
Yanayin tsarewa
Ciyar da dankali mai dadi a fili shine hanyar da ta fi dacewa. Lokacin da dasa shuki, ka sani cewa shuka ba ta jure wa hasken rana kai tsaye, amma yana son babban haske (hasken hasken rana). Ipomoea ba ya jure wa zane. Saboda haka, kudancin kudu maso kudu maso kudu maso gabas ba tare da tsaunuka masu girma ba ko kuma inuwa masu tsayi za su dace da noma. 
Game da noma na cikin gida, a cikin wannan damar, tsarkin dare shine tsirrai ne. Hanyoyin abincin namun cikin gida shine yanayin zubar da launi a lokacin sanyi tare da rashin jin dadin ɗakin.
Shin kuna sani? Batat wata al'ada ce mai kyau. Daga gare ta, da dankali, samar da giya, sitaci, molasses da gari.Bukatar dankalin turawa mai dadi don hasken lantarki ya shafi sanya shi a kan littattafai mai kyau-lit ko balconies. Bugu da kari, samun dama ga iska mai mahimmanci mahimmanci ne, amma ba tare da samfurin zane ba. A saboda wannan dalili, noma na gida na Ipomoea ba shi da na kowa fiye da ƙasa. Don girma shuke-shuke a cikin ɗakin yanayi zai dace da wani babban flower tukwane ko rataye tukwane.
Kasar gona da taki
Girman dankali mai dadi yana buƙatar yashi ko ƙwayar ƙasa mai laushi tare da matakin pH 4.5 zuwa 7, wanda yayi dace da ƙasa mai tsayi ko tsaka tsaki. Yana da muhimmanci cewa ƙasa mix ne m, sako-sako da kuma da kyau drained. A cikin "matalauta" ƙasa, tsomoea yana girma sosai, amma a lokaci guda tubers suna girma kadan, kuma yarinyar kore ba yaduwa ba ne. Nau'i mai launi a irin wannan kasa, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba ya faru. 
Watering da danshi
"Sweet Potato" ya fi son ƙasa mai laushi ba tare da tsananin ambaliya ba. Musamman yana buƙatar tsire-tsire a lokacin da yake girma da girma. Matattarar tsararraki suna iya jure wa fari na fari, amma a lokaci guda kuma siffar ado ya ɓace. Game da ambaliya, a irin wannan yanayin, tubers na Ipomoea sunyi lalata, wanda baya haifar da mutuwar tsire-tsire. Ko da kuwa hanyar hanyar noma (na cikin gida ko waje), yana da muhimmanci a kula da wani matakin mafi kyau na ƙasa, amma ba tare da ambaliya ba.
Yana da muhimmanci! Babban abun ciki na ascorbic acid a cikin tubers yana kara yawan karuwa a cikin kundin kumburi a jikin mutum. Yin amfani da tubers a abinci yana da amfani sosai a cikin lokacin cututtuka na numfashi.
Abota da zafin jiki
Ruwan Ipomoea yana da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, sabili da haka ya fi dacewa yanayin yanayi mai kyau don ci gaba. Mafi yawan zazzabi zazzabi daga + 9 ºС zuwa -29 ºС. Lokacin da girma yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari da cewa a yanayin zafi kadan girman ciyayi ya ragu, kuma a maɗaukaki - inji zai iya mutuwa gaba daya. 
A cikin lokacin sanyi na shekara, dole ne a samar da injin da zafin jiki daga +10 zuwa +16 ºС. Kasancewa da tsire-tsire mai zafi, tsire-tsire mai dadi ba zai iya hurawa a yanayinmu ba kuma sau da yawa a cikin yanayin zafi, sabili da haka yana da shekara-shekara, wanda ya haifar da dasa shuki sabon tsire-tsire don yanayi na gaba.
Sake bugun da dasa
Za a iya dasa sauyi da kuma haifuwa a hanyoyi biyu - ta hanyar dasa shuki da tsaba ko ta hanyar shuka vegetative (grafting), amma kowace hanya tana da halaye na kansa.
Vegetatively propagated shuke-shuke irin su: cactus, tulip, kampsis da dieffenbachia.
Tsaba
Hanyar shuka ita ce mafi yawan lokacin cinyewa. Duk da tsire-tsire na tsaba, babu tabbacin samun samfurori masu karfi, da kuma ƙwayar ƙwayar farko da ta dauki lokaci mai tsawo. A saboda wannan dalili, ana samar da hanyar iri ne kawai don amfanin ƙwayoyi don samar da sababbin iri. Ga wadanda ba su neman hanyoyi masu sauƙi a aikin lambu, tsarin bazai da wuya, kuma hakuri zai biya bashi dari. 
Tsarin shirye-shirye da saukowa yana faruwa a cikin matakai a cikin wannan jerin ayyukan:
- Mataki na 1: shiriyar ƙasa. Cakuda mai yalwa don dasa shuki da shuka da sauri ya kamata ya zama mafi sauƙi kuma ya fi friable fiye da lokacin dasa shuki seedlings, don haka kasar gona don dasa shuki ya kamata a hade tare da kogin yashi a cikin rabo 2: 1. Wannan cakuda za a iya diluted tare da wani ɓangare na vermiculite.
- Mataki na 2: shiri na kayan shuka don shuka. Shirin shiri yana kunshe ne da aiwatar da ƙaddamarwa da ƙwarewar kayan iri. Tsarin hanzari ya ƙunshi kullun tsaba a cikin ruwa ko wani rauniccen bayani na potassium permanganate ga wata rana don "tada" da kumburi. Sakamako shi ne lalacewar ƙira ga ƙananan kwasfa na nau'in (farfadowa) don farkon shuka.
- Sashe na 3: dasa shuki tsaba. Yaran da aka shirya shi ne an dasa shi a kan ruwan magani mai tsami kuma ya yayyafa shi da karamin adadin ƙasa a saman. Don hanzarta cigaba da shuka na farko na tanki tare da nau'in, zai yiwu ya rufe saman tare da fim ko gilashi, wasu lokuta ana yin iska a cikin greenhouse. Tsaya irin wannan "koliyar rana" ya kamata a cikin dakin dumi da kwanciyar hankali da dakin jiki (wuri). Ya kamata a riƙa shayar da tsalle-tsalle tare da kwalba mai laushi, ta hana shi daga bushewa.
- Mataki na 4: Cupping da dasa shuki seedlings. Bayan makonni 2, ƙananan furanni zasu bayyana, kuma idan sun kara karfi kuma zasu isa matsayi na 10-15, za a iya dasa su (an dasa su) a wuri mai dindindin. A wannan lokaci, azaman mulki, yanayin yanayi mai dumi ya samo, wanda ya sa ya yiwu ya fadi a ƙasa.
Shin kuna sani? Daga gurasa da ƙasa mai dadi na dankalin turawa, za ka iya fitar da abincin kofi - kamar maganin kofi ba tare da "maganin kafeyin ba."
Vegetative
Hanyar da ta fi dacewa ta sake haifar da Ipomoea ita ce mai cin ganyayyaki, wadda ta samar ta yanyan tsohuwar harbe ko matasa harbe daga tubers. Popular hanya na dasa shuki tubers ga matasa harbe. Don yin wannan, bayan da aka tsayar da tubers ana sanya shi a cikin ruwan magani kuma a yayyafa shi tare da karamin Layer (1-2 cm) na ƙasa. Lokacin da matasa harbe suka sami karfi, dole ne a yanke su a hankali kuma a sanya su a cikin wani akwati mai tsabta don bunkasa. 
Don ƙaddarar samfuwar samfurori, ana iya sanya ƙananan matasan a cikin akwati da ruwa har sai bayyanar da aka gani, bayan haka za'a iya dasa su a wuri na dindindin. Idan an dasa shuki a wuri mai bude, to, ya kamata matasa suyi girma a cikin yanayin dakin, sa'an nan kuma su sauka a wuri na dindindin. Don samuwar kananan harbe a ƙarshen lokacin bazara, dole ne a dasa tubers a cikin matakan earthen a Fabrairu.
Yana da muhimmanci! Don ci gaba na al'ada da ci gaba da tsire-tsire, ana saukar da saukowa a nesa na akalla 20 cm daga juna.
Bayanin kulawa, dangane da wurin tsare
Babu bambanci da yawa a kula da wani shuka da aka dasa a ƙasa mai bude ko a cikin tukunya. Bambanci kawai shi ne cewa danshi yana kwashe sauri cikin yanayin waje, saboda haka ya kamata a yi girma a cikin gari a cikin ƙasa don ya kasance da sau da yawa kuma mafi alheri. Hanyar da ta fi dacewa tare da sakamako mai yiwuwa za a iya la'akari da ita a matsayin noma a cikin gida, amma a fili filin zai haifar da duk abin da ake bukata. 
Matsalolin da suka yiwu a girma
Babu matsalolin da ke da wuya a girma Tsomoea yam, amma har yanzu akwai wasu nuances:
- wani muhimmiyar rawar da ake takawa a cikin rani na rani-rani, wanda zai iya rinjayar ci gaban, kuma a wasu lokuta yakan haifar da mutuwar shuka;
- Halin yanayin flowering zai iya rinjayar da rashin iyawa don sarrafa yawan hasken rana, wanda zai haifar da cikakken launi a kan shuka.
Kwaro, cututtuka da kuma rigakafi
A dadi dankalin turawa ne da wuya a fallasa zuwa cututtuka da kwari. Mafi yawan cututtukan fungal na yau da kullum shine tushen lalacewa, wanda ya bayyana a kan tushen bayanan ruwa. Don kawar da naman gwari, ya isa ya cire tushen tushen cututtuka, da kuma aiwatar da ƙasa tare da duk wani fungicide. Magunguna masu aiki-masu fashewa: Cakuda Bordeaux, "Vitaros", sulfate, "Riba", "Fitolavin" da sauransu. 
"Vitaros"
Shin kuna sani? Yam tubers a cikin girma zai iya kai gigantic girma - fiye da 30 cm a tsawon.Tsarin kwari na Sodomoya sun fi dacewa ga gizo-gizo gizo-gizo da kuma aphids. Don yaduwa da sauri, aikace-aikacen takaddama guda ɗaya na sunadaran ƙwayoyi ba su isa ba.Don kula da kanka, zaka iya yin amfani da sababbin maganin sabulu don sarrafa shuke-shuke. Wadannan kwari masu tasiri sun fi tasiri: "Aktellik", "Vertimek", "Envidor", "Soap Tsarin", "Oberon" da sauransu.
"Actellic"Tsarin tsire-tsire - tsire-tsire wanda zai iya samar da kyakkyawan wuri mai faɗi ko kuma ya zama abin ado na gida. Sakamakon da ake bukata na tsire-tsire suna kara jawo hankalin lambu don bunkasa shi, kuma kyakkyawan yanayin furanni yana kare dukkan ƙananan ƙananan abubuwan dake faruwa a cikin tsarin noma.
Bidiyo: Ipomoea yam
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