Tsohon asalin kaza na duniya na Rasha shine Orlovskaya, wanda yake da kyau a samar da nama, qwai kuma ya nuna irin yanayin da yake da shi na dabi'a da na halayyar tsuntsaye. A cikin wannan labarin, munyi la'akari da bayanin da kuma abubuwan da ke cikin kolovkov a gidan.
Game da kiwo
Count Orlov-Chesmensky (wanda aka fi so da Catherine II) ya zama shahararren ba kawai don kwarewar dawakai masu kyau Orlov ba. An kuma lasafta sunayen hens da aka fitar da shi bayan ƙidaya. Abubuwan da ke faruwa sun wuce fiye da ƙarni biyu.
An samo irin wannan nau'i na yakin Malaysian da tsuntsaye na Persian, wanda ke da kyakkyawan hali, gashin tsuntsaye masu launin fata da kuma jinsin bearded. Ta hanyar kokari, wannan nau'in ya zama karuwa a cikin karni na 19 a kusan dukkanin ƙasashen Turai na jihar. Kamfanin Rukuni na Manyan Labaran Rum na Rasha ya sanar da sifofin Tsarin Orlov a shekara ta 1914.
Muna ba da shawara don samun masaniya da mafi kyau wakilan nama, kwai da ƙwayoyin kaji na kaji.
A waje da Rasha a jihohin Turai, tsuntsaye masu yawa sun karbi sunan Rasha. Amma a tsakiyar karni na XX ya ɓace, kamar yadda an ƙare ta ƙarshe a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu. Bugu da ƙari, yanayin da ake yi a wuraren kiwon kaji ya canza a matsayin jagororin da aka shigo da shi, da nufin samar da albarkatu da nama. Na dogon lokaci, nau'in Oryol ya kasance a kan iyakar ƙarewa. A cikin shekarun da suka wuce, 'yan kasuwa na Rasha sun fara mayar da irin wannan hatsari. Yanzu yana kallon daidai da ka'idar juyin juya hali bayan shekaru 40 na aikin masana kimiyya.
Cibiyar Nazarin Rubuce-Rubuce-Rukuni na Kasa ta Rukuni da Rasha ta rike nauyin a cikin tarin a matsayin samfurin halitta (ajiyewa).
Bayani da fasali
Bred a cikin XIX karni, da irin hadu da bukatun na lokacin. Cold winters da kuma rigar weather suna jimre da tsuntsaye. Kwayar kayan lambu ba ta fada ba, wanda yake da muhimmanci a lokacin da qwai ya fi tsada a lokacin lokacin hunturu. Kuma naman yana da dadi mai ban sha'awa. Wakilan mambobi suna da damuwa ga yanayin rayuwa da abinci. Amma kaji suna kula da sanyi da mummunan yanayi, yayin da suke girma da hankali kuma suna fledge. Suna buƙatar kulawa ta musamman da kuma kusanci.
Shin kuna sani? Chickens suna da iko su gane qwai masu lalata. Sau da yawa sukan jefa su daga cikin gida.
Gano abin da za ayi idan an haifi kaji da kyau kuma yadda tsuntsaye zasu iya rashin lafiya.
Bayyanar jiki da jiki
Roosters suna da irin wannan fasali:
- Ƙararruwar tayi, tayiwa, jagoran tsaye;
- kafafu suna elongated, hardy, rawaya ba tare da plumage;
- wuyansa yana da tsawo tare da lanƙwasa;
- kwanyar tare da ƙananan launi mai tsinkaye da tsalle-tsalle masu tsalle-tsalle;
- kirji dan kadan;
- gajere gajere, mai lankwasa, rawaya (nau'in predator);
- da launi na wuyan wuyansa kuma wuyan wuyansa ya zama wani launi mai laushi;
- Crest kananan, Crimson, tare da inconspicuous tubercles;
- da wutsiya na matsakaici matsakaici an kai tsaye zuwa sama kuma yana kunshe da gashin gashin gashi;
- idanu suna da zurfin amber mai zurfi;
- earlobes da 'yan kunne ne ja kananan, boye a karkashin gemu da tankuna.
Launi
Sai kawai bayan shekaru biyu masu wakiltar jinsin suka zama cikakke kuma suna da kyau da kyau. Launi na gaggafa ya bambanta yadu. Black da fari suna monochromatic a launi. Gwanin Sulhunan suna da launi mai launin launin ruwan kasa da baki, jiki da kirji. Mafi mashahuri launi shine calico. 
Ana samun hotunan ja-ja-fata-fari a cikin jinsin wadannan tsuntsaye. Akwai wadannan launi tsuntsu:
- Scarlet (ja, hazelnut) launin ruwan kasa;
- Sulhunin (ja, hazelnut) black-breasted;
- fararen;
- lãka (rawaya);
- mahogany brown-breasted;
- Mahogany baƙar fata;
- taguwar;
- hange jan da fari;
- calico (ja-baki da fari);
- baki
Nau'in
Koran Orlovka suna bambanta ta hanyar zaman lafiya, daidaitattun hali. Roosters suna da mummunan hali kuma basu damu da damar da za su nuna karfi da halayyar halayyar ba. Abin sha'awa, irin na jan hankalin bayyanar da kyau. 
Yana da muhimmanci! Ciyar da abinci da yawa tare da naman alade yana haɗuwa da hawaye, kamar yadda tsuntsaye suke kwantar da abinci tare da fuka-fukai daga 'yan uwansu.
Hatching instinct
Baza'a iya yin kaza ba daga gare su, tun lokacin da kwayoyin ƙuƙwalwar ƙira ba su da shi. Kuma an buƙaci incubator don kiwo.
Sakamakon halaye
Nama-ƙwayar yawan ƙwayar dabbar tana da ƙari a cikin samar da nama, kamar yadda samar da kwai yana da muhimmanci ƙwarai fiye da alamun nama.
Yi ado da kanka tare da fasali na kiwo nama na kaji: Poltava, Brama, Foxy chik, Jubilee Kuchinsky, Cochinquin.
Noma samar da kuma lokacin da suka fara rush
Girman girma na samfurin jari yana cike da hankali. Oryol hens bayar da qwai na farko a watanni 7-8. Adadin su a matsakaicin kai kusan 145 a kowace shekara. Shekaru na biyu ana haifar da digo a cikin yawan samfur na kwai. Gwai yana da nauyi 58-60 g, harsashi an fentin shi a cikin fararen launi da haske. Kwayoyin gashi masu launin shuɗi suna ba da launi mai launin ruwan hoda. Orlovka ba dace da samar da qwai a kan sikelin masana'antu ba.
Shin kuna sani? Haske yana da mahimmanci ga yanayin kwanciya. Kajin ba zai tashi a cikin duhu ba, zai jira har sai ranar ta zo ko kuma hasken wuta ya zo.
Koyi yadda za a inganta samar da kaza a cikin hunturu.
Precocity da dandano nama
Sabbin wakilan farko sun kai shekaru biyu. Nauyin zakara ya kai 4-4.5 kg, kaza - 3 kg. Naman tsuntsu na Oryol yana da kyaun dandana, ko da yake yana da mummunan rauni. Differs a cikin ƙananan ƙwayar mai ciki, wanda yake kama da tsuntsayen daji. Don haka shayarwa ta jaddada alamu na ciki da na ciki tare da dangin dangi.
Yanayin tsarewa
Mafi kyaun wuri don kiyaye nau'in Oryol zai zama ɗaki mai tsabta, kamar yadda kwakwalwan gwagwarmaya ba za su jure wa unguwar da sauran tsuntsaye ba. Idan babu wani haɗin, an raba tsuntsaye ta raga, an sanya su cikin cages ko sanya su a cikin nesa. Abubuwan da ake buƙata na kowane wuri na tsarewa zai zama ƙuƙwalwa, gida don kwanciya, masu shayarwa, masu shayewa da wuri na tafiya.
Don sayen kuɗin kaza mafi kyau ga tsuntsayenku, duba wannan zabin. Gina gidan ga kaji iya yin shi da kanka.
Bukatun ga dakin
Girman adin kaza ya dogara ne akan ka'idodi na dabbobi, inda aka nuna ma'auni na 4-5 dabbobi da mita 1. m Lokacin da aka ajiye a cikin cages, an sanya dukkanin yanayin da ake bukata don tsuntsu. Madogara, kayan shafa, kwakwalwan kwalliya suna zama kwanciya a kasa na karamar kaji. A cikin hunturu, an saka kayan shafa a cikin wani lokacin farin ciki don ƙarin rufin. 
A cikin idon ruwa an tsaftace su kuma sun kone su, kuma an kashe ganuwar tare da lemun tsami ko antiseptic. Nests da perches ba su da kasa da mita ɗaya daga bene kuma kusa da bango na dakin. A cikin hunturu, yawan zazzabi ba zai fada a kasa +12 ° C ba, kuma a lokacin rani - tashi sama da +25 ° C. Ana yin nests da kwalaye na katako, kwanduna, kayan shimfiɗa a kasa.
Courtyard don tafiya
Tsuntsu yana buƙatar tafiya mai zurfi, wani karamin ɗakin ba zai dace da ita ba. Sun wanka da iska mai ba da iska ga matasa tare da bitamin D kuma tabbatar da ci gaban al'ada.
Yadda za a jure wa sanyi
Tsuntsaye na kabilar Oryol ba su ji tsoron yanayin sanyi, tun lokacin da aka bred don tsakiyar latitudes. Cin nasara da su zai taimaka wajen warkewa da haɗin gwiwar da kuma kawar da zane-zane. Ƙarin zafin jiki yana buƙata ne kawai inda sanyi ya kai min 30 ° C. Lambobin da ke kunshe da ƙananan fitilun da masu shanyewa suna kawar da matsala.
Abin da za a ciyar
An la'akari da ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwar ƙira lokacin da sayen masu ciyar da abinci da masu sha. Ya kamata tsuntsu ya dauki abinci da sha ruwa. Kada ka manta da a kai a kai a cikin kananan feeders kananan pebbles, yashi. Chickens na bukatar ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki da kuma kulawa ta musamman, yayin da suke da damuwa da sanyi, ƙuƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, ƙafafun kafafu.
Chickens
Shirin da aka gabatar ya shirya daidai da abincin abinci na kaji:
- Kwanaki 1-5 - yankakken nama mai yalwa ko cuku mai tsami tare da gurasa ko gishiri;
- Ranar 5-10th - rigar mash a baya. Dalili na mash ne na musamman abinci, alkama bran, ganye yankakken, karas Boiled;
- daga ranar 1st zuwa 10th ciyarwa ne da za'ayi 6-7 sau a kowace rana;
- daga 10 zuwa 30th rana - 4-5 sau;
- daga ranar 30 - sau 3.
Majiyancin matasan
Ma'aikatan dattawa ba su da kariya ga cin abinci kuma zasu ci wani ɓangare na abinci. Amma don ingantaccen ci gaba da inganta ingantacciyar rigakafi na nau'in buƙatar daidaitattun abinci mai kyau. Wannan menu ya hada da:
- alkama da sha'ir (30% kowace), buckwheat (5-10%), gero da tsaba (10%), masara (10%));
- ciyarwar gari;
- bran;
- kayan lambu (karas, beets, dankali, kabeji);
- yankakken ciyawa, tarko (a lokacin rani).
Yana da muhimmanci! Ciyar da kolovtsev kawai hatsi ba halatta ba.
Raunin yana son mash a kan broth daga nama ko skimming, abin da ya ƙunshi abin da ya hada da dankali mai dankali, sha'ir mai dafa da nama da kashi cike da kifi. Ana buƙatar ƙwayoyi da kuma ma'adinai na ma'adinai don zama a cikin abincin yau da kullum. yayƘarfi da raunana
Bari mu taƙaita taƙaitaccen amfani da rashin amfani da irin Oryol.
Abũbuwan amfãni:
- ado, ban mamaki bayyanar;
- high viability;
- nama yawan aiki saboda babban jiki taro;
- Abincin dandano na naman alade.
- marigayi maturation na yadudduka;
- damuwa na jinya da rashin lafiyar kaji mara kyau;
- low samar da kwai;
- bukatun don cin abinci mai kyau.
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