Rashin tsummoki mai laushi ba tare da kwance ba ne mai hatsarin kwari da bishiyoyi.
Kasuwanci masu banƙyama suna iya barin gonar ba tare da amfanin gona ba.
Don ajiye gonar daga mamayewa na silkworms ba wuya ba idan san abin da ake kiwon su kwari da kuma amfani da hanyoyi masu inganci don magance su.
Irin silkworm
Ba a kyauta ba
Wannan kalma ne mai alaka da iyalin Wolf.
Yana da girman girman, kuma mace ta bambanta da yawa daga namiji mai girma, siffar da launi.
Godiya ga wannan gaskiyar, silkwatar marar tsabta ta sa sunansa.
Fashin fuka-fukin mace yana da kimanin 8 cm. A kan fuka-fukan fararen fararen fararen launin fata, raƙuman tsirrai na launin ruwan launin launin ruwan kasa suna bayyana fili. Kullun da antennae na mace sune baƙar fata, kuma mai mai ciki shine launin launin fata-brown. Ƙarshen yarensa.
Za a iya gane asu na siliki mai launin siliki ta wurin antennae mai launin toka mai launin fata, wanda ake kama da fuka-fukai. Fuka-fukin fuka-fuka-fuka-fuka-furu-fukinsu bai wuce 4.5 cm ba. Abun na namiji yana da bakin ciki tare da tassel na gashi a tip.
Taimako - Saboda tsarin sabon abu na antennae, namiji na Gypsy Moth zai iya gano mace a kilomita 11.
Gwairan malamai suna launin fari na launin rawaya sa'annan launin fari. Siffar su ta zagaye kuma dan kadan kaɗan, kuma diamita ba fiye da 1.2 mm ba. Hairy brownish-gray caterpillars an bambanta da cewa a kan bayayyakinsu akwai nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i ne na ja da zane-zane, kowannensu yana rufe da gashin gashi. Girman waƙoƙin ya kai 7.5 cm.
Gypsy asu wuka a cikin kwai kwai. A farkon lokacin bazara, ana haifar da kullun daga gare su, wanda, yadawa ta cikin itatuwa, fara ciyarwa akan buds, ganye, buds da furanni. Mun gode wa gashi da kuma taimakon iska, don neman abincin, tsuntsaye suna iya hawa nisan kusan kilomita 12. Suna ciyar da ƙasa har tsawon watanni biyu sannan saƙa cocoons tsakanin haushi ko a tsakanin ganye da kuma pupate.
A cikin makonni biyu a cikin Yuli-Agusta, butterflies sun fito daga cocoons. Bayan mating, suna sa qwai a kan hausar bishiyoyi, tsalle-tsalle, tsakanin duwatsu da kuma a cikin ƙananan fences.
Ƙarƙarar ƙwairo tare da launin fatar launin fata, wanda sakamakon hakan ya zama kama da launin rawaya mai launin rawaya har zuwa 3 cm a diamita, wanda aka rufe shi da gashi.
Hotuna
Yanzu zaka iya kalli gashin siliki a cikin hoto:
Ringed
Wannan ƙananan malam buɗe ido mai launin fata ne daga iyalin kwakwa-kwari da fuka-fuki wanda bai fi 4 cm ba. Qwai malam buɗe ido-m, cylindrical a siffar. Launi na murfin caterpillar shine launin toka-launin toka tare da launi mai tsabta a tsakiya na baya da kuma orange da baki-blue a kan tarnaƙi. Tsawon kullun yana da kimanin 6 cm. An rufe shi da gajeren lokaci, velvety, da kuma dogon lokaci.
Gilashin mace yana shimfiɗa har zuwa qwai 400 a kusa da harbe, twigs ko stalks. Gidan yana kama da zobe mai haskerufe hanyar tserewa. Don irin wannan nau'i mai nau'i na kwanciya-ƙaddarar silkworm kuma ya sami sunansa.
Daga sauran ƙwai zuwa hibernate a cikin bazara a lokacin kumburi da kodan da caterpillars fito fili. Ainihin ciyarwa, suna tafiya cikin matakai 5 na molting. Caterpillars sukan ci da dare kuma suna zaune a cikin mazauna., a cikin rana tara a cikin takalma na rassan rassan da kuma shirya nests saka daga cobwebs a can. Bayan kimanin kwanaki 45 a farkon watan Yuni, kullun suna motsawa cikin launi, sunyi dasu da karfi, suna hawa cikin ciki kuma su juya cikin ja. Makwanni biyu daga kwari na kwari mai launin fata.
Hotuna
Kusa dangi na kwari
A cikin tsutsiyoyi, akwai nau'ikan jinsunan da suke kusa da siffofi na morphological: a cikin kwasfa - kwakwalwa-spreading poplar da euphorbia, a cikin wadanda ba a biya su ba, silkwormar zinari, wanda ba a san shi da sunan zinariyafinder ba. Wadannan butterflies suna kama da bayyanar, amma bambanta da yawa a cikin launuka da launi.
Ƙaddamar wuri
Gidan Gypsy asu ne duka Turai zuwa yankunan kudancin Finland da Scandinavia, da Arewacin Amirka, Arewacin Afirka, Japan da ƙasashen Asia Minor.
A Rasha, kwaro yana da yawa a kudanci da kuma dukan yankin inda itacen oak ke tsiro.
Haka kuma an samo shi a Siberia, yankin Baikal (55-57 ° arewacin latitude), a cikin Far East.
Hanyoyin ruwan haɗi sun haɗu a Turai, ban da Far North, a Kudancin Koriya ta Arewa da Japan da kuma arewacin kasar Sin. A ƙasar Rasha, yana zaune a Far East da Siberia.
Mene ne haɗari?
Dukansu jinsuna ne na kwari da tsire-tsire iri iri da 'ya'yan itace. Za su iya cutar da fiye da nau'i 300 na bishiyoyi. Daga 'ya'yan itace, tsirrai mai laushi bai fi son cherries, plums, pears da apples, kuma waɗanda aka yi waƙa suna son kawai apples..Caterpillars suna wakiltar gonar.
cewa ciyar da ganye, matasa buds da furanni.
Ɗaya daga cikin kullun silkworm na watanni biyu na ci gabanta zai iya ci har zuwa 30 matasa. Tare da haɗuwa da taro kuma ba tare da matakan kariya ba, kwakwalwa masu kwari suna barin itacen gaba daya ba tare da foliage ba. A sakamakon haka, injin ya bushe ya mutu. Abun biyar ko shida na ƙurar ƙurar ƙwayar itace a kan itace ɗaya ce mai tsanani a gare shi.
Rigakafin da kuma kula da silkwatar da ba a kyautar ba
Yakin da silkworm fara da dubawa na yau da kullum apple da sauran itatuwan 'ya'yan itace a cikin kaka da farkon spring.
An tattara gwargwadon kwanciya da gangan kuma an kone su. Ana iya binne su cikin ƙasa rabin mita mai zurfi.
An harbe harbe tare da kwakwalwan masks na silkworm sune kuma sun ƙone kuma.
Hatched Caterpillars ana girbe ta hannu.. Za a iya samo ƙananan matasa na silkwormar murmushi a cikin kaya na rassan da safe. Har ila yau Abun magunguna mai tasirigyarawa zuwa kasa na gangar jikin. Suna hana yaduwar kwari daga gwanon da suke a asalinsu.
Idan aka yi wa Moth hari, ana shuka bishiyoyi tare da kwari kamar su "Antio", "Zolon", "Karbofos", "Metathion" ko "Phosphamide". Ana gudanar da jiyya a lokacin lokacin da caterpillars ke tashi zuwa kambi, kuma a ƙarshen hijirar su. Ba mu bayar da shawarar maganin bishiyoyi a lokacin flowering, saboda sunadarai na iya cutar da amfani da kwari pollinators.
Ana amfani da waɗannan samfurori masu amfani da kwayoyin cutar a kan kwaro: "Lepidotsid", "Dendrobatsilin", "Tsarin", "Bitoksibatsilin". Ana yadu su a kan bishiyoyi yayin bayyanar caterpillars. Bayan mako guda, ana maimaita magani.
Yin amfani da ilimin halitta yana bukatar wasu yanayi: yanayin iska yana daga 18 zuwa 25 ° C, kuma zafi ba kasa da 60% ba.
A lokacin rani, a lokacin da aka shirya da kuma girbe 'ya'yan itatuwa, yana da kyau a yi amfani da hanyoyi masu illa marasa lafiya don sarrafa silkworm. Yadda ya kamata ya hana kwari cikakken bayani na coniferous tattara (4 tablespoons da lita 10 na ruwa). Wannan bayani zai iya zama bishiyoyi da yawa. Caterpillars kuma suna jin tsoro da jiko na wormwood, tsire-tsire hay, tumatir sama, mustard.
Jarabawa zasu iya shiga cikin kambi Kashe ƙasa mai karfi daga ruwa daga itace, tattara su daga ƙasa kuma hallaka. Yadda ya kamata ya ceci bishiyoyi daga caterpillars da magunguna na kwari su ne tsuntsaye. Don jawo hankalin tsuntsaye zuwa gonar sanya a kan shafin da dama tsuntsaye.
Kamar yadda muka gani, ba za a iya haifar da mummunan lalacewar gonar inji ba. Don jimre wa kwari ko ma hana yaduwar su, yana da muhimmanci a lura da hatsari a lokaci kuma ku dauki duk matakan da suka dace.
