Venidium: siffofin girma na Afirka, nau'in shuka

A yankinmu, Venidium kawai yana samun shahara. Zai yiwu a cikin 'yan shekarun nan wannan furen ya zama babban ɓangare na gadaje na furen da gandun daji na masu shuka flower. A cikin wannan labarin zamu tattauna dalla-dalla game da bayanin bidiyon Venidium, za mu fahimci ka'idojin dasa da kula da tsire-tsire masu launi.

Bayani

Benidium kuma ana kiran shi dais ne ko masarauta. A cikin yanayin yanayi, wannan furen yana samuwa mafi yawa a ƙasar Namibia da Afirka ta Kudu. A cikin yanayin yanayi mai dumi, Venidium yana faruwa shekara guda da shekara biyu, amma a cikin ƙasa na kasarmu masarauta na steppe yana rayuwa kawai daya kakar, wadda ke hade da yanayin sanyi a lokacin hunturu.

Yana da muhimmanci! Don amfanin tsaba na Venidium don yadawa da sauri, akwatin da tsirrai dole ne a sanya shi a kudancin kudancin.

Venidium na cikin tsire-tsire na iyali Compositae ko Aster. A cikin jinsi, akwai kimanin nau'in furanni 30. A ƙasarmu na ƙasashenmu, kawai 'yan karamar karamar Afirka suna da sha'awa a cikin kayan ado da zane-zane. Tsarin yana da tsarin tushen tsarin, wanda, duk da haka, ya kasance a fili ko da a cikin bushe-bushe da zafi na Namibia. Stems da ganye rufe tare da kadan m pubescence. Ana fentin ganyayyaki a cikin launi mai laushi mai tsayayye, an shirya su a cikin ko'ina cikin tushe, suna da tsarin rarraba ko lobed. Tsuntsaye suna nunawa a rana tare da inuwa burgundy mai haske.

Bugu da ƙari ga masu cin nama, wakilan iyalin Astro sune irin tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire.

A ƙasarmu na kasarmu, masarauta na steppe yana sha'awar ido da furanni daga farkon Yuni zuwa farkon dusar ƙanƙara. Kuma akan shafin furanni, wasu suna da sauri kafa (na halitta, idan inji yana da kyau kuma yana kula dashi). Bayan ƙarshen lokacin flowering, tsarin farawa na farawa. An gabatar da 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin nau'i na' ya'yan itace.

Dabbobi

Shahararrun 'yan lambu na gida a wannan lokacin sun lashe wasu' yan jinsunan venidium. Amma wannan shahararren yana girma a kowace shekara, kuma za a sami fiye da aikin ga masu shayarwa. Ya zuwa yanzu, a kan flowerbeds da kuma terraces na ƙasar za ka iya samun irin wannan nau'in na Afirka chamomile:

1. Venidium ne calendula. A Namibia da Afirka ta Kudu, wannan nau'in shuka shi ne nagarta. A ƙasarmu na ƙasashenmu, al'ada ne don dasa shi a ɗakuna don yin ado a cikin gida ko ofisoshi na ofis. Benidum marigold yana jin daɗin farin ciki na tsawon lokaci. Hannun furanni ba su wuce 4 cm a diamita, duk da haka, ana rarrabe su da ƙananan fure, wanda shine dalilin da yasa suke kama da calendula ko marigold.
2. Venedium mai girma. Tsawancin wannan furen yana sha'awar kuma baya bar wajibi ne dukkan masu shuka flower growers. Irin wannan masarautar sararin samaniya zai yi kyau ba kawai a cikin flowerbeds ba, har ma a cikin baranda ko tsire-tsire masu ado. Kwanduna na wannan shuka sun kai kimanin diamita 12 kuma suna da launin launi daban-daban. Dukkanin jinsuna na Afirka wanda aka lissafa a kasa suna da nau'i mai kyau na Venidium.
3. "Prince Orange". Wannan jinsin Venidium yayi kama da sunflower sosai. Furensa suna da kyakkyawan tsari, ƙananan furanni suna mai lankwasawa ne a gefen gefen tushe na peduncle.
4. "Prince Zulu". Kyakkyawan tsirrai da launi mai dusar ƙanƙara wanda masoyan furanni fari zasu so. Halin da ake kira "Prince Zulu" shine tushensa yana da launi mai laushi, da kuma takalmin wasu petals na iya jin dadi tare da ƙananan ƙwayar lilac.
5. DwarfHybrids. Ƙananan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsayi (har zuwa 30 cm). Differs a creamy-farar fata ko orange launi na furanni, tushe daga abin da yake da wata lilac inuwa. DwarfHybrids suna da kyau don dasa shuki a cikin kwantena ko a kan kananan nunin faifai.

Shin kuna sani? Harkokin launin zane-zane na Afrika - daya daga cikin nau'o'in Venidium. An samo shi ba kawai a Afirka ta Kudu da Namibia ba. Yana kuma girma a Mexico, Amurka da Ostiraliya, inda ya zama sananne. A cikin waɗannan ƙasashe, mutane suna lalatar da amfanin gona na wannan shuka.

Saukowa

Don bunkasa shafodin Afirka shine hanya mafi kyau. Za a iya dasa tsaba a kai tsaye a ƙasa mai sassauci kawai a yankuna inda yanayin damin ya kasance mai sauƙi da dumi, wato, a kudancin Rasha da Crimea.

Za a iya dasawa a ƙasa mai bude a wasu yankuna arewacin, amma a wannan yanayin, lokacin flowering na Venidium zai fara wata daya da rabi daga baya. A hanyar, hadarin marigayi flowering ya wanzu a kudancin Rasha, saboda yanayin wannan yanki har yanzu yana da nisa daga yanayin yanayi na kudancin Afrika. Za mu tattauna game da matakan mataki na girma da masarauta na steppe ta hanyar hanyar seedling, wanda shine mafi mashahuri da m:

1. Don girma seedlings, dole ne ka yi amfani da akwati na musamman, kwalaye na seedlings, kofuna ko abinci marufi.
2. Ƙasa don seedlings ya zama tsaka tsaki acidity, sako-sako da kuma da kyau aeration.
3. A žasa na tanki mai tanadi, wajibi ne a gina gilashi, sa'an nan ku zuba shi a cikin ƙasa da aka riga aka shirya (a cakuda peat da kogin yashi).
4. An shuka itatuwan da aka shuka a 3-5 mm cikin ƙasa. Tsakanin tsirrai tsakanin amfanin gona ya zama cikin 3-4 cm, in ba haka ba akwai hadarin thickening na seedlings.
5. Bayan dasa, a wanke ƙasa kuma ya rufe tare da fim ko gilashi. Wannan zai haifar da microclimate barga, wanda zai taimakawa wajen samar da tsaba.
6. A ganiya zazzabi don girma seedlings ne 20-24 ° C. Harbe yawanci yakan bayyana kwanaki 15-20 bayan shuka. A wannan lokacin, dole ne a bude akwatin tare da seedlings a kai a kai (cire fim ko gilashi) kuma kada ka manta game da shayarwa (kawai bayan da aka bushe saman).
7. Wani muhimmin yanayin shine daidaituwa akai-akai na seedlings. Idan akwai haske kadan (alal misali, yanayi mai duhu), to lallai ya zama dole don sayen hasken na musamman. Ba tare da isasshen haske ba, harbe zai iya bayyana tare da jinkirin bazawa.
8. An dauki lokacin mafi kyau na dashi a tsakiyar watan Mayu (don tsakiyar band). Amma, sake buƙatar mayar da hankali ga yanayin yanayi da yanayin yanayi na yankin. Masana sun lura cewa an dasa bishiyoyi ne a cikin ƙasa kawai bayan barazanar dare na dare ya ɓace gaba daya. Yawancin zafin jiki na yau da kullum zai kasance tsakanin 14-16 ° C.
9. Ka tuna cewa chamomile na Afrika yana son wuraren da ba a san, amma yana da matukar damuwa ga zane. Kasashen kudu maso yammaci ko kudu maso gabas a kan shafin yanar gizo, wadanda aka kare su daga iska mai karfi, sun fi dacewa don dasa.
10. An dasa shi a wuri mai bude ya kamata kawai furanni mafi girma da kuma iko. A lokacin da dasa shuki, wajibi ne a bar dukkan ɗakin a cikin tushen tsarin seedling. Tsakanin ramuka tsakanin seedlings ya kasance a cikin kewayon 25-30 cm A kasan ramin rami zaka iya sanya kananan takin mai magani wanda aka sayar a kusan kowane kantin kayan ado.
11. Nan da nan bayan dasa shuki, ana shayar da furanni da shaded don 'yan kwanaki. Mafi yawa watering ba dole, kamar yadda ya haddasa fungal kamuwa da cuta. Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da Venidium don girma a cikin zafi, yanayi mai bushe na Namibia da Afrika ta Kudu, inda lokacin damina yana da wuya.

Yana da muhimmanci! To seedlings of furanni suna da karfi, suna bukatar a taurare. Don yin wannan, yayin da kuke girma, ya kamata ku rage yawan zafin jiki a cikin dakin, da kuma 'yan kwanaki kafin a dasa shuki a bude ƙasa, ya kamata a cire seedlings don 2-3 hours a titi.

Idan kana so ka dasa hatsari a Afrika a cikin ƙasa, ba girma seedlings ba, to lallai ya fara fara dasa ba a tsakiyar watan Afrilu ba. Dole ne a lura da tsarin ƙasa da dasa shuki kamar yadda muka nuna don tsarin hanyar shuka. Nan da nan bayan dasa shuki, an rufe nau'in yanki tare da fim, inda zazzabi zai dace da yawan zafin jiki. Zai yiwu a bude fim din kawai lokacin da yawan adadin yawan yau da kullum na akalla 15 ° C aka kafa a waje (wannan yana kan yanayin cewa seedlings sun riga sun rigaya).

Kula

Idan kana so Venidium ya faranta maka rai tare da tsinkayen furanni na tsawon lokaci, ya kamata ka kula da kulawarsa, wanda ya ƙunshi ayyukan da ke biyowa:

1. Watering Matsakaici, ba fiye da sau ɗaya a mako ba. A lokacin bushe lokacin rani watering za a iya za'ayi 3-4 sau kowane 2 weeks. Cikakken yawancin abinci zai haifar da ci gaba da kamuwa da cuta a cikin tushen tsarin shuka.
2. Top dressing. An yi sau biyu a lokacin kakar girma. Na farko - kafin flowering (zai fi dacewa a watan Mayu), na biyu - a lokacin flowering (Yuli-Agusta). Zaka iya ciyar da flower mai ban mamaki tare da ma'adinai mai mahimmanci ko takin gargajiya.
3. Dakatarwa. A gaban lokaci kyauta ya kamata a gudanar da shi sau da yawa sosai. Loosening yana inganta kyakkyawan yanayi.
4. Ana tsarkake peduncles. Da zarar furen ya fadi, dole ne a cire shi. A madadinsa, 2 samfurin matasa za su kasance da wuri ɗaya. Saboda haka daji zai zama mafi girma kuma mafi kyau.
5. Anti-tsufa pruning ganye. Riƙe a kai a kai don iyakar kunnawa kunnawa. Cunkuka masu wucewa suna fitar da dukkan ruwan 'ya'yan itace, wanda ya zama kasa.
6. Garter. Ana gudanar da shi ga mafi girma wakilan Venidium. Tabbatarwa yana bada damar shuka don tsayayya da gusts na iska.
7. Weeding Ya kamata ya zama na yau da kullum, kamar yadda ƙananan ƙwayar za ta ɗebo dukkan abubuwa masu amfani daga kasar gona kuma ta jawo yawan adon kan kanta.

Don wadatar da ƙasa da kuma ciyar da tsire-tsire, yi amfani da takin gargajiya: bambaro, labaran tattabara, lambun kaji na Florex, cin nama, abincin kifi, whey, barkan dankalin turawa, takin, eggshell, furen peel da ƙurar taba.

A ƙarshen zamani mai dadi na shekara, an tattara tsaba daga 'ya'yan itatuwa na Venidium, wanda zai dace da dasa shuki a gaba bazara. Ana ajiye tsaba a cikin takarda takarda ko zane-zane. Dole ne a adana su a wuri mai dumi a yanayin zafi na 20-25 ° C.

Shin kuna sani? Wani suna don venidium shine arctotis (Arctotis). Fassara daga Girkanci, wannan na nufin "kunnen kunne".

Ba lallai ba ne a shirya furanni don hunturu, kamar yadda muke a cikin yanayin damunmu, mai cin ganyayyaki yana tsiro ne kawai a matsayin shuka na shekara. Baƙi na Afirka ba zai iya tsayayya da ragowar hunturu ba (sai dai idan ya yi amfani da shi a matsayin gidan gida). A ƙarshen kaka, ana tsinke ƙananan bishiyoyi da amfani, kuma a cikin idon ruwa ana yin maimaita hanya.

Yi amfani da kwarewa da amfani da amfani da ruwa mai ban sha'awa, da kuma yadda za a tsara tsarin rassan ruwa a cikin dacha.

Cututtuka da kwari

A cikakke, kwari ba sa tsoma baki tare da Venidium kullum girma. Wasu lokuta ana iya cin zarafin Afrika ta hanyar mamayewar aphid, wanda aka samu nasara tare da kwayoyi masu guba. Gane baƙar fata na aphids a kan furanni na waje na iya zama a wasu filaye:

1. A kan ƙananan matasan, buds da kuma kasan bishiyoyi tare da ido mara kyau, zaku iya ganin ɓangaren ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayoyi marasa launin fata ko launin ruwan kasa.
2. White "lumps" daga cikin mutane kwari sune ke rufe abin da suka keta a cikin aikin rayuwar.
3. An rufe wuraren da aka shuka a cikin bishiyoyin ruwa, wanda ke samar da aphids.
4. Abin da ya shafa ya bar curl da bushe bayan dan lokaci. Gidan ya yi hasarar kayan ado, furanni da ƙananan ƙananan farawa.

Bugu da ƙari, venidium, aphid yana daya daga cikin cututtuka mafi yawan cututtuka na irin waɗannan tsire-tsire: apple, kabeji, kokwamba, Dill, viburnum, plum, dieffenbachia, currants, calico, hydrangea, sunflower da azalea.

Bugu da ƙari, yin amfani da kwari, aphids za a iya fitar da su ta hanyar injinika: zuba ruwa a kan tsire-tsire daga karkashin tiyo. Amma wannan hanya ba ta da kyau, tun da yawancin ruwa zai iya lalata tushen tsarin venide. Kusa da masarauta na steppe, za ku iya shuka wani daji na Dalmatian, wanda ya kayar da aphid baki.

Yana da muhimmanci! Kwayar cuta kawai da ke barazanar barazanar ita ce cututtuka iri iri da fungi ke haifarwa. Don magance su, za ku iya amfani da furotin.

Yi amfani da kayan ado da zane-zane

Venidium ta wurin yanayinta shi ne fure mai haske da mai ban sha'awa wanda zai zama bako na musamman da kuma ainihin halayen duk wani kayan ado na ado da aka yi amfani da shi a kan gadaje na furen, wuraren shimfiɗa, da wuraren shakatawa. Zai kuma kasance mai girma don yin la'akari da shi azaman katako. Daisy na Afirka ba ya daɗewa, saboda haka yana da kyau a yi amfani da shi a cikin fasahar na Ikebana.

Karanta game da tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire kamar sicenus, shudun hamada na Turkestan (alissum), sararin samaniya, echinocystis, iberis brachikoma, labaran, nigella damask, Drummond phlox, argiranthemum da pentas.

Yanzu ku san yadda za ku shuka kyawawan shuka na Afirka ta kudu a kan ku. Samar da kulawa da kyau ga Venidium, kuma tsire-tsire zai ji dadin ku da furanni a cikin lokacin rani da sassa na kaka.

Saukewa daga masu amfani a Venidium

Akwai furanni masu yawa, wanda ake kira "daisies", kuma Venidium ba shakka babu daya daga cikin su.Ya iya zama kawai launuka biyu - orange da fari, yana iya zama terry kuma ba sau biyu ba amma babu "daisies" yana da kyau, baki da Gwargwadon ƙarfe na tsakiya, wanda ya canza launin launi da tsari, saboda tsakiyar ba kome ba ne sai dai launin furen furanni kamar dukkanin "daisies." Benidium yana da shekara-shekara, yana da sanyi, zai iya girma ba tare da seedlings ba, kuma wani lokacin ke tsirar da shuka. Tsayi tsayi da tsayi sosai, dace da yanke. Haske da ruwan sama ba su ganimar bayyanar furanni, tsaba a cikin yanayinmu sun taso.

Vera Severe

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Cibiyar herbaceous ta kowace shekara har zuwa 70 cm tsayi, densely an rufe shi da cobwebby, farin hairs. Bushes suna da fadi, sun haɗa. Ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan, maras ma'auni, ƙananan ƙirar lyre, babba - linzamin kwamfuta zuwa lanceolate, wanda ba shi da tushe ko wanda ya ɓoye. Ƙananan yanayin zuwa har zuwa 10 cm a diamita a tsawon dogon lokaci. Yi amfani da furanni masu launin furanni, mai launin ruwan kasa-launin ruwan kasa a tushe; tubular - ƙananan, launin ruwan kasa-purple a cikin wani karamin faifai. Ya yi haske sosai da yalwa daga marigayi Yuni zuwa Oktoba. Tsaba zama mai yiwuwa don shekaru 2-3. Akwai iri dake da launi daban-daban da tsawo. Location: Venidiums sune thermophilic, ana buƙatar karewa, wurare na rana, waterlogging ba ya jure wa.

Ƙasa: fi son haske, da ruwa mai kyau, ƙasa mai laushi

Sake bugun: shuka tsaba a cikin kwalaye na seedlings a watan Maris-Afrilu, a greenhouses ko greenhouses. An dasa shi a bude ƙasa bayan ƙarshen spring frosts, rike nesa na 25-30 cm.

Yi amfani da su: don gadaje na furen, kungiyoyi, vases, tsaunuka dutsen da yanke.

Feona Mayu

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Bidiyo: Venidium