Delphinium shine tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire na dangin buttercup. Tana da nau'ikan sama da 400, daga cikinsu akwai shekara da shekara. Na biyun sun fi karfi tushe tsarin, juriya, unpretentiousness. Hakanan sanannen shuka a ƙarƙashin wasu sunaye: larkspur, spur, kwakwa, kunnuwa zomo.
Siffofin girma pepillum delphinium
Delphinium ɗan asalin yanki ne na Transcaucasia da Asiya .aramar. Ya danganta da nau'in, yana girma cikin tsayi daga 40 cm zuwa m 2. A cikin wuraren lambun yana da adon wuri mai faɗi, wasu nau'ikan suna girma saboda samun samfuran magani. An san tsire-tsire da nau'ikan furanni iri-iri, daga mai sau biyu zuwa biyu. Har ila yau, palette mai launi yana da fadi.
Shirye-shiryen kariya daga iska suna da kyau don girma. A duk nau'in wannan tsiron, mafi rauni shine ƙananan sashin tushe a tushe. Daga iska mai ƙarfi na iska, furanni na iya fashewa.
Delphinium ana amfani dashi sosai cikin ƙirar ƙasa
Delphinium yayi girma sosai akan kowace ƙasa, amma ya fi son numfashi. Idan rukunin yanar gizon ya kasance ƙasa mai laushi, dole ne a kwance shi akai-akai. Shuka bai yi haƙuri da yawan danshi ba, saboda haka ana shayar da shi a kai a kai, amma cikin matsakaici. A lokacin kafa buds, yawan ruwa ya ɗan ƙara girma. A lokaci guda, ana kara takin potash ko phosphorus.
Akwai peculiarity ɗaya a cikin narkar da ƙwayar cuta ta delphinium: idan ta kasance a cikin wannan wuri sama da shekaru 4, haɗarin lalacewar shuka da cututtuka daban-daban ke ƙaruwa. Don wannan, ana bada shawara ga dasa furanni kowane shekaru 4-5. Amma mutane da yawa lambu watsi da wadannan tukwici da nasara girma su wuri guda tsawon shekaru.
Wane yanayi ne wannan shuka da ya dace da ita?
Ana nuna halin ɓarnataccen ƙwayar cuta ta kyakkyawan yanayin sanyi, iya jure sanyi lokacin sanyi zuwa -40 ° C. Nagari don namo a kudu da arewacin yankuna. Ga kowane iri, maimaitawa mai yiwuwa ne. Don yin wannan, yanke ciyawar fure bayan kammala na farko. A tsakiyar Rasha, farkon lokacin furanni yana gudana daga tsakiyar Yuni zuwa farkon watan Agusta, kuma na biyu yana yiwuwa a kaka.
Lokacin da girma a cikin yankuna tare da canjin yanayin canjin yanayin, mutum yana buƙatar jin tsoron ba yawancin sanyi da daskarewa ƙasa ba, amma thaws. Gaskiyar ita ce tushen tsarin wannan tsiron yana kusa da saman duniya. A cikin tsawon bayyanar puddles da thawed faci iya vypretit. Saboda wannan, a cikin Yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya da arewacin, an fi shuka delphinium a ƙasa mai tsayi.
Delphiniums suna da kyau a yankuna daban-daban na ƙasar
Duk da gaskiyar cewa an dauki yankin Ural a matsayin yanki na haɓakar noma mai mahimmanci, delphiniums suna girma sosai a nan kuma suna yin fure sau biyu a shekara. Amma mafi kyawun abin da suke ji a kudu. A karkashin waɗannan yanayin, yana da mafi mahimmanci a zaɓi wuri don dasa shuki. Daga zafin rana, tana iya bushewa, don haka kuna buƙatar shafin da ke cikin inuwa a ɓangaren mafi zafi na rana.
Shahararren iri tare da hotuna
A cikin Rasha, ana amfani da haɓakar tushen tushen Delphinium elatum da Grandplorum na Delphinium. Dukkanin su suna da ƙwararrun ƙwararru kuma suna yaduwa ta hanyar tsaba. Cibiyar ciniki tana gabatar da nau'ikan nau'ikan delphiniums daban-daban. Mafi kyawun tsire-tsire masu fure biyu.
An rarraba nau'ikan daban-daban gwargwadon tsayin ɗakunan shinge, launinsu, siffarsu da girman furanni. Dangane da wannan, rarrabe:
- tsabtataccen hatsi - 170-250 cm (fiye da 200 iri);
- matsakaici - 130-170 cm;
- dwarf - har zuwa 130 cm.
Mafi kyawun halittun Pacific, ciki har da nau'in dozin da yawa. Ana bambanta waɗannan tsire-tsire ta hanyar girma (daga 180 cm) girma, chic pyramidal inflorescences, manyan furanni. A cikin wannan rukuni na tsire-tsire, da yawa suna masu suna bayan ƙulli na Camelot.
Wani babban rukuni shine Mafa hybrids. Wani daga mai shayarwa ne ya shayar da su a kauyen Mafino na yankin Moscow. Shahararrun nau'in delphinium tare da hotuna yayin fure:
- Black Knight (Black Knight). Shuka tare da manyan furanni biyu da rabin furanni mai launi mai laushi. Yana blooms na dogon lokaci kuma yana da yawa, ya fi son wuraren da hasken rana yake da ƙasa.
Dogaye kuma da yawa sunyi fure na Black Knight iri-iri
- Biyu Innocence (Delphinium na New Zealand). Kyakkyawan fure mai kyau, kyawawan fure tare da madaidaiciyar tsinka mai tsayi ya kai tsayin 130 cm A lokacin furanni, an rufe shi da fararen furanni biyu tare da diamita har zuwa 4 cm.
Furen delphinium na New Zealand yana da furanni 21
- Atlantis (Atlantis). Daya daga cikin mafi yawan abin dogara kuma unpretentious iri. M tare da manyan furanni masu haske mai shuɗi. Srednerosly, har zuwa 1 m high, inflorescences suna da tsawo, pyramidal. Bar masu haske kore ne mai haske.
Tsarin Atlantis mara fasali tare da launin shudi inflorescence shine ɗayan amintattun iri
- Sarki Arthur Itace mai matsakaici-tsayi, wanda ya kai girman 150 cm. Furanni masu shuɗi ne tare da farin tsakiyar. Winter-Hardy, unpretentious, fi son da-drained, sako-sako da ƙasa.
King Arthur matsakaici-sized delphinium ne unpretentious kuma sauƙi jure wa sanyi
- Belladonna - (Delphinium belladonna). Iyakar abin da iri-iri wanda furanni rataye daga peduncle. Kamar yadda unpretentious da m kamar yadda sauran halittun wannan shuka.
Bambancin Belladonna ya tsaya a tsakanin sauran furanni rataye
Shuka hanyoyi da yaduwa
Akwai hanyoyi guda uku don dasa shuki a cikin pepillium na shuka:
- ta hanyar tsaba;
- yanke;
- raba daji.
Dukkaninsu suna da wadatar aiki kuma an daɗe ana yin amfani da su a aikin gona.
Girma daga perennial delphinium daga tsaba
Mafi damuwa a cikin hanyoyin kiwo guda uku shine iri. Don samun ƙwayoyin cuta delphinium a farkon farkon lokacin dumi, ana aiwatar da namo iri daga ƙarshen Fabrairu zuwa farkon Maris. Hanyar tana da kyau saboda ana iya amfani dashi don tsiro kowane nau'in delphinium wanda tsabarsa ke kasuwancin ko daga shayarwa.
Dasa shuka domin tsirannin seedlings ana yinsa ne a ƙarshen Fabrairu - farkon Maris
Akwai hanyoyi biyu masu saukowa ƙasa:
- seedlings a gida;
- a bude take.
A kasar gona ya zama haske, dan kadan acidic, sako-sako. Dole a warwatsa shi. Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don yin wannan:
- Anneal na mintina da yawa a cikin obin na lantarki a cikin iyakar ƙarfin;
- Zuba maganin maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta ko sinadarin potassium.
- Kafin dasa, ana adana tsaba a wuri mai sanyi. An kafa ƙasa ta amfani da haƙoshin haƙoran haƙoran, a nesa na 15-20 mm daga juna.
- Yayyafa ɗauka da sauƙi tare da ƙasa kuma yayyafa shi da ruwa daga mai toya lambu. Harbi yana bayyana kwanaki 10-12 bayan dasa shuki.
- Lokacin da tsiron ya kai tsawo na 3-4 cm, nutse. Hakanan, idan an shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa a buɗe.
Hankali! Akwai peculiarity a cikin yaduwar iri: idan an shuka su a cikin ƙasa kafin hunturu, hybrids na iya maimaita alamun uwa shuke-shuke. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa madadin daskarewa da lokacin daskarewa yana tsokanar canje-canje a cikin ƙwayoyin da aka samo asali daga wucin gadi.
Farfagandar ta yanke
An samo itace ta hanyar Delphinium kamar haka:
- a farkon lokacin girma, lokacin da harbe na shuka suka girma ta hanyar 10-12 cm, fallasa wani ɓangare na tushen;
- yanke datti da wuka mai kaifi don ka kama tushen tushen.
- Sakamakon itace an dasa shi a cikin wani wuri mai inuwa zuwa zurfin 2-3 cm, an shayar kuma an rufe shi da fim. Bayan kwanaki 15-20, furen zai yi tushe. Sannan ana iya dasa shi a wani wuri na ci gaba.
Kafin dasa shuki a cikin dindindin wuri, ƙwayar delphinium dole ne a kafe
Raba Bush
Hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi inganci don ƙirƙirar pepillium perenni shine raba daji. Tsarin ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa:
- tono wata shuka;
- a hankali tsaftace tushen ƙasa;
- a yanka da wuƙa mai kaifi a cikin sassan, a cikin kowane ɗayan abin da ya kamata ya harbi ko koda;
- dasa a cikin ƙasa.
Kulawar lambu
Kula da dabbar dolphinium tsawon shekaru abu ne mai sauki kuma ya kunshi aiwatar da ayyuka da yawa.
- A ƙasa a Tushen ne lokaci-lokaci loosened.
- A cikin kaka, bayan an gama furanni da bushewar ganyayyaki, an yanke ciyawar tare da wata madaidaiciya don haka “dungu” na 20-30 cm ya kasance sama da ƙasa.
Idan akwai dusar ƙanƙara mai yawa a yankin, an rufe kogon turɓayar da yumɓu. Wannan yana hana shigar shigar danshi a danshi da kuma lalacewar sa.
Tall iri suna buƙatar garter. A saboda wannan dalili, ana amfani da kaset na takarda, tunda layin kamun kifi ko igiya na iya yanka a cikin bakin ƙwaya na shuka ya cutar da su. Don ba da kwanciyar hankali mafi girma, ana yin madaidaicin biyu: na farko a tsayin 40-5 cm, na biyu - akan kai girman 100-120 cm.
A cikin bazara, thinning fito harbe. Ta haka ne samar da shuka tare da dakin girma. Idan nau'ikan ya kasance manyan-fure ne, a ƙalla uku harbe an bar, don ƙananan tsire-tsire masu ruwa, bar 7-10 kowannensu.
Delphiniums suna ba da amsa ga miya mai kyau. Ana yin hakan sau 3 a kowace kakar:
- a tsakiyar bazara suna zuwa da kwayoyin halitta;
- bayan kwanaki 30-40 - takin zamani na ma'adinai ("Kemira Universal");
- a lokacin samuwar buds, suna fesa tare da bayani daga superphosphate a cikin kudi 50 g da lita 1.
Shawara! Don yin furanni mafi girma, yawancin lokuta suna shayar da tsirrai tare da maganin boric acid.
Don rigakafin cututtukan a yayin budurwa, ana fitar da spraying tare da kowane sinadarin da ke akwai.
Matsaloli masu yuwuwar girma
Pepnipe delphinium baya buƙatar kulawa mai yawa. Lokacin da aka bi ka'idodin kulawa na sama, shuka yana girma sosai kuma yana fure.
Namo Dolphinium ba ya ɗaukar nauyi
Amma har yanzu akwai matsala guda ɗaya cikin girma wannan shuka. Ya ƙunshi ingantacciyar ƙwayar germination na tsaba, wanda yawancin lambu ke korafi game da. Bugu da kari, galibi ana ba da bayanin rikice-rikice a cikin umarnin masu samar da iri.
Idan babu wata dabara a cikin girma delphinium, zaku iya dogaro da shawarar kwararrun lambu.
- Landasa don fitar da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta ɗauka ta hanyar fata, lambun talakawa. Haɗa shi a daidai sassa tare da yashi mai tsabta. Yana da mahimmanci cewa babu peat a cikin ƙasa, wanda zai tsokani da ci gaban ƙirar.
- Bayan an shimfiɗa tsaba a ƙasa, yayyafa su da yashi na bakin ciki. Kada ku binne a cikin ƙasa.
- Suna shirya dusar ƙanƙara a cikin firiji kuma yayyafa akwati tare da tsaba a cikinsu. Lokacin narkewa, danshi yana ɗaukar tsaba zuwa zurfin dama. Sun rufe akwati tare da fim ɗin filastik kuma suna sanya kwanaki biyu 2-3 a ƙarƙashin irin wannan yanayi.
- Kafin fitowar, sanya akwati a ƙasan firiji. Tare da zuwan tsiro, suna canzawa zuwa wuri mai dumi, mai cike da haske.
Ana iya girma Delphinium ba tare da wata matsala ba a kowane yanki na yanayin zafi na Rasha. Kasancewa da ka'idodin kulawa da waɗannan tsire-tsire, za su yi farin ciki tare da fure sau biyu a shekara.
