Akwai su da yawa daban-daban na viburnum, kodayake mun gabatar da wannan tsire-tsire a matsayin tsaka-tsire mai laushi da ƙwayoyin furanni na berries. A gaskiya, launi na berries ba kullum ja, kuma tsawo na shrub iya bambanta dangane da nau'in. Mafi mahimmanci shine viburnum, wanda aka fi sani da black viburnum, kyakkyawan shuka ornamental, wanda aka saba amfani dashi don gyara shimfidar wuri da kuma kayan lambu.
Halin halayyar Botanical
Mafi girman kai na gari ne na bishiyoyi masu tsami na iyalin Adox. Ana amfani dasu sosai a cikin tsarin zane-zane, ko da yake berries suna edible. Duk da haka, a cikin masana'antu da ba'a amfani dasu ba, tun lokacin lokacin girbi yana da tsayi, kuma sun yi daidai a lokaci guda.
A yau akwai babban adadin nau'o'in viburnum. Dubi shafukan da suka fi shahara.
Black viburnum shi ne mai mallakar wani tushen tsarin da ya fi karfi, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa aka dasa shi sau da yawa a kan ramin bankunan da ravines don hana yaduwar ƙasa.
Girma yana girma akan ƙasa mai laushi, yana jin dadi a wurare masu bude da kuma a cikin itace. Yawanci a yanayin yanayi a Tsakiya ta Tsakiya. Yana kuma girma a kudancin Turai. Yankin iyakanta a gabas yana zuwa Caucasus, Ukraine da Asia Minor. Daga gefen arewacin yana shafar yankunan kudancin Ingila. Wani lokaci ana iya samuwa a wasu yankunan kudancin Afirka, wato Morocco da Aljeriya.
Shin kuna sani? Sunan viburnum a cikin harshen Rasha ya fito ne daga kalmar "ja-zafi". A cikin hangen nesa da kakanninmu, ruwan sama mai haske ya yi haske kamar hasken rana, sabili da haka sun blushed.
Shrub
Daji na black viburnum yana da tsayi, wani lokaci yana kama da itacen, yana kai kimanin mita 6. Kwan zuma yana da tsayi, tare da diamita na tsawon mita 3-4, amma yana da kyau sosai, tun lokacin da dukkanin rassan da rassan suna da alaka da juna, saboda waxannan viburnum yana da lush da "m".
Ganye na tsire-tsire ne mai duhu, dan kadan da wrinkled da oblong-oval, zai iya girma girma kuma isa 18 inimita a tsawon, wajen m da kuma fadi.
Dukkan rassan, harbe da ganyayyaki an rufe shi da fararen furanni, saboda abin da daji ke nuna fure. Saboda haka ne ake nuna girman kai a wani lokacin "gari" ko kuma shuddan shaggy. 
Launi na haushi sau da yawa grayish. Bayan itace ya kai shekaru uku, haushi fara farawa.
Berries
Ƙananan berries suna da ƙananan, a tsaye a haɗe zuwa ga goga kuma an kafa su a cikin ɓoye na ciki. Bayan abubuwan da suka faru sun fadi, ƙananan berries sun bayyana a wurin su, wanda, yayin da suke girma, da farko juya ja sa'annan ya juya baki.
Kalina ne na musamman shuka na irin, da amfani Properties ne kusan unparalleled.Dukan 'ya'yan itatuwa masu cikakke suna da launi baki mai launi. Suna dan kadan, amma yana da dadi. Amma ja berries basu da kyau, suna da dandanowa kuma suna da dandano, kuma basu ci.
Shin kuna sani? Juice daga berries na baki viburnum a zamanin d ¯ ana amfani dashi don yin tawada.
Halaye na itace mai fure
Kalina gordovina baya cikin tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, domin a cikin shekara yana ƙara kawai 30 centimeters tsawo. Duk da haka, tsawon lokacin rayuwa na tsawon lokaci - kimanin shekaru 60.
Ƙananan kambi mai tsayi, kyawawan kyawawan ganye, waɗanda basu rasa halayarsu ba a lokacin rani ko a lokacin kaka, ba da shuka da kyakkyawan halaye mai kyau. 
A lokacin flowering, wanda ya fada a farkon kakar rani, viburnum ya zama kamar amarya - babban inflorescences, umbrellas na whitish-cream, "festive" inuwa Bloom a cikin kambi. Lokacin flowering yana daga 2 zuwa 4 makonni, bayan da furanni suka fadi, kuma a wurin su akwai goge tare da letas-kore berries. Tun lokacin da aka girbe berries a Gordovina an shimfidawa sosai kuma dukansu sun yi fure a lokuta daban-daban, burbushin suna kallo masu launin launuka, ja-baki.
Kalina girman kai wani tsire-tsire ne mai ban sha'awa, wanda yake ƙarfafa ƙasa yana iya yaduwa. Bugu da ƙari, yana da tsayayya ga sanyi da fari. Yana tsira da kyau a cikin birane, bamu jin tsoron tasirin gas na iska kuma yana iya girma a cikin inuwa. Daga cikin wadansu abubuwa, black viburnum ne da wuya rashin lafiya, resistant zuwa viburnum leaf beetles. 
Inda mafi kyau ke tsiro viburnum
Tsanani yana nufin tsire-tsire marasa amfani. Ya jure yanayin zafin jiki ya sauko kuma baya buƙatar kulawa na musamman. Shuka shuka zai iya zama ɗaya ko a kungiyoyi. Ya haɗa da kyau tare da wasu tsire-tsire. Ya dace da abun da ke cikin wuri mai faɗi da kuma don kafa shinge.
Hasken haske
Don haske baƙar fata viburnum ba yana buƙata ba. Yana iya girma a inuwa, m inuwa, da kuma a bude, sunlit yankunan.
Duk da cewa shrubs-shrubs shrubs, girma a wuraren bude da yawa daga hasken rana zai ba da damar kyau ta cikakken bayyana. 
Bukatun shara
Kodayake girman kai shine tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, har yanzu yana girma da sauri da yawan ƙasa. Black viburnum kanta ji mafi kyau a kan chernozems da silty-loamy moistened kasa tare da tsaka tsaki ko rauni acidity, ko da yake zai iya girma a kan ƙasa saline. Amma a kan peat, yashi da kuma podzolic kasa, da shuka ji mummunan.
Yana da muhimmanci! Kodayake viburnum gorda yana iya girma a kowane yanayi kuma a kan kowane ƙasa, duk da haka tare da kulawa mai kulawa da ƙasa mai dacewa, aikace-aikacen taki, gyare-gyaren ƙasa na yau da kullum da kuma samun damar samun haske na hasken rana, zai yi girma da kuma bada 'ya'ya musamman densely.
Dokoki da kuma sharuddan saukowa
Shuka viburnum gordovinu a cikin ƙasa a cikin kaka ko spring. Idan an zaba wurin a cikin inuwa, to, yana da kyau cewa ƙasar tana da kyau a nan, to, ba zai rinjayi ingancin flowering da fruiting ba. Yawancin iri iri sun fi dacewa su dasa su a cikin wuraren hasken rana na lambun, to, dukkanin launi na iya nunawa yadda ya kamata.
Yaushe ne lokaci mafi kyau don shuka girman kai na talakawa
Za a iya dasa garuruwan birane a cikin bazara, kafin bayyanar ganye, da kuma a cikin fall, a lokacin lokacin ganye da kuma kafin bayyanar sanyi ta farko. Dasa a cikin bazara da kaka ba bambanta ba, sai dai idan an shuka tsaba a cikin shuka kafin hunturu, bazarar farko za ta yi amfani da shi kawai a watan Agusta, kuma budurwar barci zata buɗe ne kawai tazarar mai zuwa. 
Tsarin shuka shuka
Don girmankai talakawa yarda da mai girma kambi da yawan flowering, lokacin da dasa shuki seedlings a cikin ƙasa bi da wannan makirci:
- a lokacin dace da dasa shuki (kaka ko spring), zabi wuri na daji, da kuma kimanin wata daya kafin dasa shuki ƙara taki da ke dauke da potassium da phosphorus zuwa ƙasa, zaka iya ƙara peat;
- shirya rami mai saukowa, bisa ga girman: 40 cm zurfi da kimanin 50-60 cm a diamita;
- Ƙidaya cewa nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire yana akalla 1.2-2 m;
- shirya wata ƙasa cakuda (kwayoyin ƙasa daga humus da peat, 3 tablespoons na urea, 1 kopin itace ash);
- ƙara wasu kwakwalwan ƙasa zuwa kasa na dasa rami;
- nutsar da shrub a cikin rami sabõda haka, wuyansa wuyansa ba fiye da 5 inimita zurfi;
- Ka cika rami tare da sauran kayan da aka shirya a cikin ƙasa, yayin da ka kara da hankali;
- sa na farko da watering, wanda ya zama mai yawa da kuma kasance akalla 3 buckets na ruwa. Zaka iya tono rami a kusa da shafin ginin, inda kake buƙatar zuba ruwa;
- bayan ruwa yana da kyau, kuma ƙasa ta zauna kadan, dole ne a ci gaba da kara. Peat ko sawdust ne wanda ya dace da wannan. Ya kamata a yi farin ciki a cikin kwanciyar hankali, aƙalla 10 santimita.
Dasa viburnum gordovinyA wannan tsari na dasa shuki kuma ya fara tsawon lokaci na girma na shrub.
Yadda za a magance viburnum
Don ci gaba mai karfi da kyakkyawan bayyanar, Kalina ya kamata a riƙa yin ruwa, ya ciyar da sassauta ƙasa domin samun damar samun isasshen oxygen zuwa tushen. Kimanin shekaru uku bayan dasa shuki, an cire maɓallin ciyawa wanda aka fara da farko daga cikin da'irar kututture, an sassaƙa ƙasa a hankali kuma an rufe shi da sabon salo na ciyawa.
Shin ina bukatan watering
Idan an yi amfani da shuka don dalilai na ado kuma akwai buƙatar fitarwa, ana buƙatar watering, kamar yadda wannan daji yana son ruwan ƙasa. 
A takaice, watering yana wajibi har zuwa lokacin lokacin da girman kai ya samo asali. Zai fi dacewa da ruwa matasa na viburnum da yamma, tabbatar da cewa danshi yana cikin ƙasa a kalla 40 cm.
A nan gaba, za ku iya yin ruwa da wani shrub babba sau ɗaya a mako. Yana da mahimmanci ga bin tsarin irin wannan lokacin a lokacin girma da kuma lokacin girkewar berries.
Yana da muhimmanci! Dole ne a yi watering a cikin radiyar pristvolny, kambin rani ba lallai ba ne.
Yadda za a ciyar da shrub
Don ci gaban daji da fruiting, viburnum za a iya hadu sau biyu a shekara (a spring da kaka) tare da ma'adinai da takin mai magani ko sau ɗaya a shekara tare da takin gargajiya.
A cikin shari'ar farko, a cikin bazara, ana amfani da takin mai magani da ke dauke da phosphorus, potassium da nitrogen a kan zagaye mai kusa. A cikin kaka zaka iya yin wannan taki, amma ba tare da nitrogen.
Amma idan an haɗa shi da kwayoyin taki daga naman alade, to, ya fi dacewa a sa shi a cikin rami yayin da yake yin ƙasa, kuma za a iya wadatar da taki da phosphorus da potassium. 
Har ila yau, a cikin bazara, har ma kafin farkon greenery ya bayyana, ana iya ƙara urea a ƙasa (2 tbsp.), Kuma kafin furanni ya bayyana, potassium sulphide (2 tbsp.).
Muna bada shawara mu koyi mafi kyaun matakai na kulawa da saukowa na Viburnum Buldenezh.
Proper pruning harbe gordoviny
Pruning wannan nau'in viburnum ne da za'ayi na musamman a farkon spring, kafin buds toho. A wannan lokaci, rassan tsofaffin rassan da rassan sune sun cire gaba ɗaya.
Don samin rassan kyawawan rassan rassan da suka fi tsawon 30-40 cm, kawai zana hannu a kan iyakar.
Idan akwai wajibi don samar da girman kai a cikin itace, to, a cikin shekara ta biyu bayan dasa, an cire dukkan rassan gefen, an bar tsakiya kawai. A kowace shekara sabon harbe da sabon harbe za su bayyana a kai. Dole ne a cire su, ana iya amfani da su don haifuwa. 
Domin kambi ya zama lokacin farin ciki, dole ne a zartar da ci gaba.
An sake yin amfani da shuka a kowane lokaci kowace shekaru 6-10, lokacin da kusan dukkanin rassan an yanke su, akwai ƙananan rassa mafi kyau.
Idan viburnum ya raunana tare da lokaci, za'a iya farfadowa zuwa rayuwa, yanke kututture a nesa na 30 centimeters daga ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, budurwar barci zata farka, kuma sabon shuka zasuyi girma.
Cututtuka da maganin kwari
Kalina gordovina - wani shuka sosai resistant zuwa cututtuka daban-daban da kwari da sauran irin viburnum ne mai saukin kamuwa zuwa. Amma har yanzu wasu kwari suna iya haifar da lalacewa. Yana iya zama tawadar murya, aphid, ko scab na wakafi. Daga cututtuka gordovina iya sha wahala spotting da powdery mildew. 
Tare da shan kashi na kwari ko don rigakafin wani shrub da aka yi da kwari. Karbofos yafi dacewa don yaki da garkuwa, kuma trichogram shine mafi kyawun zaɓi don kawar da aphids.
A wasu lokuta, masu girman kai, kamar kowane nau'i na viburnum, zai iya shafar viburnum leaf beetle. Hakika, baƙar fata viburnum ya fi tsayayya da wannan kwaro, amma wani lokacin lokuta faruwa. A wannan yanayin, dole ne a bi da harbe tare da 0.2% chlorophos.
Idan tsire-tsire ta shafi tsire-tsire ta hanyar tabo da kuma powdery mildew, magani tare da furotin zai taimaka. Amma don rigakafin cututtuka, yana da kyawawa don bi da Kalina tare da infusions na tafarnuwa, albasa ko taba. 
Jiko na tafarnuwa
Shin kuna sani? Kalina ne na musamman a cikin cewa shi ne kawai tsire-tsire wanda kashi yana da siffar zuciya.
Yadda za a yada Kalina gordovinu
Farfaganda na viburnum gordovina yiwu a hanyoyi da yawa: zuriya, rarraba daji, tsaba da cuttings.
Offshoots
Sake haifuwa ta zuriya (layering) yana faruwa a cikin bazara. Don yin wannan, harbe na coppice tanƙwara ƙasa zuwa ƙasa kuma an binne shi a cikin tsaka-tsire mai zurfi wanda aka tsoma kafinsa, tsawonsa shine kimanin 10-15 cm.
Da farko na kaka, 'ya'yan za su sami lokaci don dasa tushen tsarin da kuma tushen da kyau, bayan haka za a iya sa ido a hankali. 
Viburnum haifuwa ta layering
Raba daji
Irin wannan samfuri zai yiwu ne kawai idan daji ne matashi. A wannan yanayin, kada a kafa shuka ta hanyar itace, kana buƙatar barin ramin don raba. Alal misali, rassan raguwa za a iya kwashe su zuwa ƙasa kuma an gyara su a wannan wuri tare da taimakon cokali mai yatsa. Sa'an nan kuma ya kamata ku yayyafa su a ƙasa, samar da wata inuwa kuma sau da yawa ruwa. Tabbatar cewa akwai akalla 3 sabuntawa akan kowannensu da aka raba.
Kashe na gaba sakamakon zai kasance bayyane. Kuma bayan shekaru 3, 'ya'yan itatuwa na farko zasu bayyana.
Hanya ta wannan hanya za a iya yi duka a spring da kuma kaka. 
Shin kuna sani? Ana amfani da 'ya'yan itatuwa na Viburnum don yin marmalade. Wannan yana yiwuwa saboda viburnum ya ƙunshi mai yawa pectin. -abubuwa tare da siffofi masu haɗaka.
Tsaba
A viburnum gordovina quite high germination na tsaba - 80%. Duk da haka, tare da irin wannan haifa ba shi da daraja jiran sakamakon da sauri. Bayan saukarwa, tushen yana tasowa. Gurguwar ƙasa zai bayyana ne kawai a shekara ta gaba. Shekaru na farko da tsire-tsire za su ci gaba sosai, amma sai sauri.
Lokacin zabar irin wannan hanya na haifuwa, tsaba suna lalata don farawa da. A cikin watanni 6-7 dole a kiyaye su cikin firiji. Bugu da kari, don tabbatar da tsire-tsire, yana da mahimmanci don gudanar da sau biyu - farkon watanni uku don kiyaye tsaba a zazzabi a cikin + 18 + + digiri, da sauran watanni 3-4 masu zuwa - a yanayin zafi daga -3 zuwa +5 digiri. 
Viburnum tsaba
Bayan dawarwar, an shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa, kuma zurfin dasa ba zai wuce 3 cm ba.
Tun da matashi ba zai bayyana ba da da ewa ba, yana da mafi kyau wajen tsara wurin da aka zaɓa don dasa shuki a matsayin mafi kyawun zabi don dasa. Ƙasa a nan tana buƙatar kiyayewa, kuma a cikin hunturu ya kamata a rufe shi da wani launi na peat ko ganye.
Gwararrun lambu an shawarci su koyi yadda za a propagate viburnum.Za a iya shuka tsaba ko dai a farkon spring ko zuwa karshen Oktoba.
Cuttings
Yanke cuttings da aka gudanar a lokacin rani, mafi kyau a farkon Yuni da Yuli. Ya kamata cututtuka ya zama kimanin centimetimita tsawo, kuma kowane ya kamata ya sami buds biyu. 
Viburnum yaduwa ta hanyar cuttings Ana yanke rabin ganye a cikin rabin, kuma an cire ƙananan ƙananan gaba daya. Bugu da ƙari, hagu na sama ya zama madaidaiciya, kuma ƙananan ƙananan ƙwaƙwalwa.
Bayan an yi manip, an sanya cuttings da aka shirya domin haifuwa a cikin ruwan da aka shafe tare da mai ci gaba mai girma (misali, "Korniy"). Bayan harbe zasu dauki tushen farko, za a iya dasa su a cikin greenhouse ko hothouse.
Dole ne kasar gona ta yi kyau sosai kuma ta dace. Domin wannan zaka iya, alal misali, yalwata peat da yashi a daidai sassa. 
Kuma, ba shakka, zafin jiki yana da matukar muhimmanci. Zai fi dacewa wajen shuka shuke-shuke a zazzabi daga +22 zuwa +25 digiri.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ƙananan yawan zafin jiki a cikin gandun daji, mafi muni zai zama tushen gine-gine.Har ila yau, dole ne a yi amfani da greenhouse akai-akai, amma bai kamata izinin sasantawa da overcooling na shuke-shuke. Watering ya kamata a yau da kullum, da kuma ƙasa m.
Shin shrub yana bukatar kulawa ta musamman lokacin da ake shirya don hunturu?
Kalina gordovina yana shayar da sanyi sosai, don haka ba ta buƙatar kowane shiri na musamman don kakar sanyi. Abinda za a iya yi a cikin tsammanin yanayin sanyi shi ne don bincika lakabin ciyawa a sararin samaniya. Ya kamata a kalla 5-7 santimita. Idan kauri ya riga ya ƙasaita, to, za ka iya ƙara peat ko deciduous humus.
Ka yi la'akari da ƙarin daki-daki yadda za ku yi girma viburnum a kan shafinku.Kalina girman kai - wani kyakkyawan shuka ornamental wanda zai zama ainihin ado ga gonar. Bugu da ƙari, wannan shuka ba wuya a yi girma da ninka ba. Matsakaici talakawa gaba daya ba tare da la'akari da yanayin ci gaba ba, amma a ƙasa mai kyau kuma tare da samun yawan hasken rana na hasken rana da kuma haifar da 'ya'yan itace musamman lokacin farin ciki da kyau.
Amsawa daga masu amfani da cibiyar sadarwa game da Kalina gordovin
A Moscow, yawancin tsire-tsire masu shekaru 40 yana da mita 5.6, diamita na kambi yana 3.5 m. Ana saran da harbe, ganye da ɓangaren ƙwayoyin cuta da gashin gashi a cikin nau'o'in asterisks, wanda ake kira shuka a wasu lokuta "gari". Ovate-oval-oval wrinkled ya bar har zuwa 18 cm tsawo suna da kyau sosai. Suna da m zuwa taba, m, duhu kore sama, launin toka-ji a kasa. A cikin Yuni, yawancin kyawawan corymbose inflorescences kunshi na furanni masu furanni. Kwanta na fure daya shine kimanin 1.5 cm.Da ya tashi a watan Mayu - Yuni. Duration na flowering 15 - 25 days. Daga kowace flower to, an kafa 'ya'yan itace. A lokacin ripening daga cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa da gorda ne musamman kyau. Da farko, dukkan 'ya'yan itatuwa suna jan, mai haske, sa'annan sun juya baƙar fata, amma ba dukkan lokaci ba. Har sai dukkanin berries sun yi girma, akwai ja da baki berries a lokaci guda. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari cikakke sun fara a watan Satumba, suna ado da shuka a tsawon kwanaki 20.
Yana da siffofin ado: variegated (f variegata) - tare da launin rawaya rawaya; wrinkled (f. rugosa) - tare da ya fi girma inflorescences da kuma manyan, more wrinkled ganye.
