Sau da yawa lambu sun yi imani cewa lokaci mafi kyau don ciyar da bishiyoyi da shrubs shine spring, saboda tsire-tsire sun ƙare a cikin hunturu mai sanyi kuma suna buƙatar adadin abubuwan gina jiki. A gaskiya, ba haka bane. Domin mu tsira cikin hunturu sanyi, gonarmu ba ta bukatar ƙarfi. Girman gyaran kankara nagari yana da tasiri sosai fiye da bazara, saboda cike da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna da buƙata na gina jiki. Bugu da ƙari, takin mai magani yana ƙara juriya daga bishiyoyi zuwa cututtuka da kuma samar da yawan amfanin ƙasa a kakar wasa mai zuwa.
Lokacin da za a ciyar da bishiyoyi da shrubs a kaka
Girma na cinye bishiyoyi ya fara a watan Agusta kuma ya kasance har zuwa karshen Satumba / Oktoba. Lokaci ne a lokacin da 'ya'yan itace da bishiyoyi suka kare, wanda ya ba da damar fara aiki a kan shirya gonar don hunturu. 
Fiye da takin
Zai yiwu a wadata kasar gona da kayan aikin gina jiki ta amfani da ma'adinai da takin gargajiya. Yadda za a ba da fifiko ya dogara da abun da ke ciki na ƙasa da sakamakon da ake so.
Ma'adinai da takin mai magani
Irin wannan sanyaya shine: nitrogenous, phosphoric da potash. Wadannan abubuwa uku ne wadanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen cigaba da bunkasa shuke-shuke.
Phosphoric takin mai magani
Phosphorus abu ne mai wuya a cikin ruwa. Taki ya kamata a saka shi cikin zurfi a cikin ƙasa a fannin tsarin tafiyar matakai. Juyewa da dutse phosphate ba zai yiwu ba, shuka zai dauki duk abin da yake bukata. Irin wannan ciyarwa yana da alhakin matakan da ake amfani da su a cikin shuka kuma yana da mahimmanci mai gina jiki don amfanin gona.
Basic phosphate takin mai magani:
- superphosphate / superphosphate guda biyu;
- ammophos;
- diammophos;
- kashi ci abinci.
Potash
Wannan dressing yana ƙaruwa a cikin hunturu da kuma jurewar bishiyoyi da shrubs zuwa fari. Rashin potassium yana haifar da kafawar tsire-tsire mai tushe. Haske da peaty kasa su ne mafi yawan bukatar wannan taki, da kuma nauyi da lãka kasa rike potassium da kyau. Kwanci wani damina ne, waɗannan ka'idodin sune mahimmanci don kayan mai da takin mai magani, wanda ke aiki kawai tare da isasshen zafi.
Mafi sau da yawa, ana amfani da takin mai magani na potash a cikin gonar gonar:
- potassium sulfate;
- potassium chloride;
- potassium gishiri;
- simintin ƙura.
Haɗa
Bambanci tsakanin waɗannan takin mai magani da sauran kayan ma'adinai shine sun hada da hade da dama na gina jiki. Dangane da abubuwa na iya zama:
- nitrogen-phosphoric;
- nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium.
Irin wannan taki ya hada da:
- nitrophoska;
- nitroammophoska;
- ammonium da potassium polyphosphates.
Yana da muhimmanci! Nisrogen takin mai magani na taimakawa wajen cigaban kore taro na shuka, don haka ba a bada shawarar yin su a cikin fall. Wannan zai iya haifar da ci gaban itacen bishiya ko shrub, wanda ba shi da kyau a cikin hunturu..
Organic
Idan aka kwatanta da ma'adinai, irin wannan taki ya fi samuwa. Kuma mutane da yawa suna zalunci shi, sunyi shi a yawancin da suka fi yadda ya dace. Ya nuna cewa gabatarwar samfurori na halitta yana buƙatar wasu dokoki.
Manure da droppings
Don yin amfani da taki don amfani, dole ne ya zama akalla watanni hudu baya. Zai fi dacewa da yin amfani da gyare-gyare na tsawon shekaru biyu zuwa uku. Dalilin dakatar da yin amfani da taki mai kyau shi ne babban abun ciki na tsaba da sako da kwayoyin pathogenic. Ana amfani da taki a yayin da yake digiri a cikin nau'i na halitta a cikin ma'auni na kilo 8 a kowace murabba'in mita ko a cikin hanyar maganin ban ruwa, wanda aka shirya daga lita 10 na ruwa da kilo 3 na taki.
Ƙara koyo game da kaddarorin da saniya, alade, tumaki, doki, zomo taki da slurry.Ragewa - mai mahimman ƙwayoyin taki. Mafi mahimmanci shine tattabara da kaza, a cikin duck da Goose da ƙaddamar da kayan abinci mai yawa. Yin amfani da wannan ƙwayar taki zai iya haifar da tarawa a cikin tsire-tsire. Taki ya kamata a yi amfani da shi a cikin lissafin: ba fiye da kilogiram na 0.5 da mita mita ba, bushe - 0.2 kg.
Humus
Daya daga cikin mafi yawan takin gargajiya. Ana kiransa zafi mai laushi gaba daya, wanda ya juya ya zama wuri mai laushi, ba tare da wariyar ammonia da rot. Yawancin irin wannan taki shine ma'auni.
Humus ya dace da kowane nau'i na ƙasa: a cikin yashi - yana rike da kayan gina jiki a cikin sashin tushen, a clayey - ya sa ya fi friable. Ana aiwatar da aikace-aikacen humus a cikin kaka bayan girbi a cikin nau'in kilogiram na kilogiram na kilogram na mita dari.
Shin kuna sani? Yawancin mutane a Japan sun dade da yawa suna daukar taki mai kyau, kuma yawancin masu arziki sun fi girma saboda yawancin abincin da aka yi wa manya.
Peat da takin peat
Peat yana kunshe da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da dabbobi da suke matsawa a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi, kuma, saboda tsananin zafi da rashin iska, suna samar da taro mai arziki a cikin nitrogen. Dangane da ƙaddamar da abin da aka gyara na kayan aikin, peat na iya zama tudu, ƙananan ƙasa da canji.
Yin tsabta mara kyau, saboda nitrogen dauke da shi yana da sakamako masu tasiri a kan tsire-tsire ne kawai bayan da aka ƙaddara. A cikin yanayinsa, peat yana da ikon haɗuwa da danshi daga ƙasa, wadda ta shafi rinjayar shuka. Zai yiwu a yi watsi da peat, wato, don wadatar da nitrogen a ciki tare da potassium da phosphorus, ta hanyar kara manya.
Peaty takin An shirya daga wani ko biyu sassa na peat da wani ɓangare na taki, wanda aka dage farawa a cikin layers na 20-30 inimita. Don ƙara abun ciki potassium a cikin cakuda, zaka iya ƙara gishiri mai potassium zuwa gare shi. A lokacin bushe, takin yana buƙatar watering. Kalmar shirye-shirye na ƙaddara taki shine watanni uku zuwa hudu. Suna yin takin peat-man lokacin da suke cinye ƙasa a ma'auni na uku zuwa hudu kilo kowace mita mai siffar sukari. 
Takin
Wannan ƙwayar ya shirya su da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire. Don maganin maɓallin abincin ya zama dole ba kasa da shekara ɗaya ba - a wannan lokacin, abubuwa masu rai zasu shiga cikin ma'adinai masu mahimmanci don ci gaba da kuma samar da itatuwan lambu da shrubs.
Koyi yadda za a yi rami takin, takin sharar gida, takin a cikin jaka.Kwanci shine lokaci cikakke don ciyar da wannan takin. A lokacin hunturu, aikin karshe zai faru, kuma a cikin bazara za a fara kafa sabon layi mai kyau. Suna yin takin a cikin hanyar dung: 8 kilo kilo mita.
Biohumus
Wannan safiyar ita ce sakamakon aikin sarrafa kayan aikin gona da earthworms da kwayoyin cuta. Biohumus yana inganta tsarin ƙasa. Amfani da shi a kan wasu takin gargajiya shi ne cewa siffofin ruwa na nitrogen, phosphorus da potassium a ciki sun kasance a cikin babban taro. Wannan yana ba ka damar samun nasarar girke 'ya'yan itatuwa da berries (ana iya girbi amfanin gona a makonni biyu kafin ya saba).
Koyi abin da kwayoyin halitta ke, yadda za a yi shi da kanka, da yadda za a yi amfani da shi, da kuma yadda za a haifi ruwan sama da tsutsotsi.Tare da biohumus, kasar gona tana da mahimmanci ga ci gaba da tsire-tsire, tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, da samfurori na samfurori. Wannan yana baka damar inganta yawan amfanin bishiyoyi da shrubs.
Don amfanin gona na lambu, an yi amfani da kwayoyin halitta sosai a cikin ruwa, don wannan bangare na busassun kwayar halitta dole ne a diluted a sassa biyu na ruwa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Bayan yin amfani da taki busassun, ya kamata a yi amfani da ƙasa sosai. Yawan ruwan ya zama akalla lita 10 a kowace mita mita.
Siderata
Siderata su ne tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire masu tsirrai da aka shuka a cikin ƙasa don wadatar da abun da ke cikin sinadaran.
Kashewa, yan bangare suna zubar da ƙasa, suna kara yawan aikin gona da kuma rage karfinta.
Za'a iya amfani da wannan tsarin taki a kowane irin ƙasa. Mafi shahararren hunturu mai noma shine:
- hatsin rai;
- oats;
- fyade;
- hunturu fyade.
Gano yadda lupine, mai dadi mai dadi, fyade, buckwheat, hatsin rai, peas, phacelia, hatsi, mustard, da alfalfa suna girma ne a matsayin gefe.
Wood ash
Kwayoyin cike da tsire-tsire ba zai yiwu bane ba tare da ma'adinai masu ma'adinai ba: calcium, potassium, zinc, sodium, boron da magnesium. Tare da waɗannan abubuwa, itatuwan 'ya'yan itace da shrubs suna iya saturantar kayan ƙonawa na sharar gida, in wasu kalmomi, talakawa.
Yana inganta rigakafi ga shuka zuwa cututtuka da kwari, inganta ingancin ƙasa, saturating shi tare da mahadi ma'adinai. Ash shine tasiri mai tasiri ga 'ya'yan itace da shrubs, domin yana kara yawan acidity na kasar gona, wanda yana da tasiri mai kyau a kan amfaninta.
Koyi yadda za a yi amfani da gawayi a matsayin taki.Ya kamata a gudanar da tsire-tsire mai tsayi tare da ash ba fiye da sau ɗaya a kowace shekara uku ba. Don ajiya ash, wajibi ne don mirgine rami 10 santimita zurfi a kusa da tushen bishiyoyi da shrubs, zuba 100 g ash a cikinta kuma cika shi da ƙasa.
Sawdust
Sawdust amfani da shi don sassauta kasar gona. Babu wataƙila ba zai yiwu a ciyar da ɓoyayyen bishiyoyi a cikin tsabta don ciyar da tsire-tsire ba. Yana lalata ƙasa kuma yana ɗaukar wani ɓangare na abubuwa masu amfani.
Don juya sawdust zuwa taki, kana buƙatar sanya su perepret. A karkashin yanayin yanayi, wannan tsari zai iya daukar shekaru goma. Sabili da haka, bisa ga sawdust, ta hanyar takin gargajiya, yana yiwuwa a shirya wani taki mai gina jiki na nitrogen.
Don yin haka, an kara kayan shafawa a cikin rami ko tari, weeds, ash, urea da ruwa. Za'a iya shirya takin ta hanyar yin amfani da dung din da kuma shayarwa. Ginin da aka gama ya kamata yayi kama da peat a bayyanar.
Har ila yau, Sawdust na samar da kyakkyawar ƙwayar bishiyoyi don bishiyoyi da shrubs. Wannan murfin yana iya kare tushen daga daskarewa, da kuma shuka - daga mutuwa. A Layer na sawdust dage farawa a cikin fall a kusa da tushen kare shi daga sanyi ba tare da damuwa da iska wurare dabam dabam. Wani kuma tare da cike da sawdust ita ce, weeds ba suyi girma ta wurinsu ba. 
Tsarin abinci mai mahimmanci
Kayan daji na ƙwayoyi sun haɗa da hawan hawan, wanda ya haɗa da batura biyu ko fiye. Abubuwan da ake amfani da su shine wadatar da suke da ita shine haɓakaccen kayan haɓaka ya sa ya yiwu yayi kusan cikakke cikakkun bukatun na shuka akan abubuwan gina jiki a kowane matakai na girma.
Wadannan takin mai magani na iya zama sau biyu ko sau uku, har ma da hadaddun (abubuwa da yawa sun haɗa su a cikin wani ma'auni guda daya), gauraye, wanda ya hada da cakuda da takin mai magani mai mahimmanci, da kuma haɗuwa da yawa, wanda abubuwa da yawa sunadarai suna kunshe a cikin mahadi.
Mafi yawan abincin da aka saba amfani dashi shine:
- nitroammophoska;
- potassium nitrate;
- ammophos.
Yanayi da al'ada na ciyar
Daga cikin manyan nau'o'in takin mai magani don ciyar da bishiyoyi da shrubs, ba duka sun dace ba. Gabatar da kayan ado mafi kyau, masu aikin lambu sun bi wasu manufofi - don kara yawan amfanin ƙasa, tsawanta tsawon lokacin 'ya'yan itace da kuma kara yawan juriya ga cututtuka da kwari.
'Ya'yan itace
Kowane irin amfanin gonar amfanin gona ya buƙaci bin ka'idodi na takin gargajiya, wanda aka gabatar a cikin ƙasa na katako itace zuwa zurfin kimanin centimita biyu.
Peaches Don ciyarwa, ana amfani da cakuda potassium da kuma superphosphate a cikin wani rabo na 1: 2.
Shin kuna sani? Kasar gona a cikin gonakin inabi na Faransanci tana da daraja, dole ma'aikata dole ne cire shi daga taya don dawo da shi.Pears da apples. Don ciyarwa, ana amfani da cakuda potassium sulfate (200 g) da 300 g na magnesium da superphosphate. Nama ne dole kara da cewa a cikin cakuda ma'adinai da takin mai magani.
Furewa, apricots da cherries. Wadannan bishiyoyi sun samo kayan abinci mafi kyau daga mafitacin ruwa, wanda aka shirya ta dissolving 3 tablespoons na superphosphate da 2 tablespoons na potassium sulfate a lita 10 na ruwa. Don cikakken samar da shuka tare da kayan abinci don hunturu, ana buƙatar buckets hudu don kowane itace.An gano game da kayan wankewa da kaka don apples, pears, cherries, peaches, plums, apricots, quinces, ceri plums, cherries, rowan.
Berry Bushes
Don yawancin shrubs, guda daya kuma daidai da kayan aikin gona, za'a iya ɗauka, wanda ya kunshi kilogram 4-5 na takin, 10-15 g na potassium sulfate da 20-30 g na superphosphate (ta tsofaffin daji). Yi wannan cakuda ya kamata a cikin siffar balagagge, bayan ya zauna na makonni biyu.
Black currant. Top miya yana kawo karkashin bushes shallowly da dug up by 8-10 cm.
Rasberi An yi cakuda tare da kintinkiri a karkashin bushes kuma an rufe shi da yashi.
Guzberi Idan aka yi wannan shrub, sai a maye gurbin takin da ammonium nitrate (10-15 g), tun da guzberi ba ya jure wa kasa da ƙarancin ƙasa. An cakuda cakuda a cikin sashi mai tushe kuma an rufe ƙasa a sama da 8 inimita.
Ƙara koyo game da kula da gooseberries, raspberries, currants, blackberries, chokeberry, buckthorn teku, juniper, blueberries.
Strawberries
Lokaci na gaba zai inganta yawan amfanin gonar ta hanyar ƙara phosphorus da potassium, wanda za'a iya sauya cakuda tsakanin layuka. An shirya kan lissafi: 30 g na phosphorus da 15 g na potassium dole ne a kara zuwa 1 square mita.
Daga Organic taki na strawberry taki, za ka iya amfani slurry shirya daga 1 lita na taki da kuma 8 lita na ruwa. Bayan an gajeren jimillar, an shirya slurry don amfani.
Ƙara koyo game da ko za a datse gashin-baki daga strawberries, fiye da takin strawberries, yadda za'a shirya don hunturu.
Bidiyo: yadda za a yi amfani da taki a cikin gonar Kayan lambu na kaka - wani abin alhakin da zai dauki lokaci da wasu ilimin. Duk da cewa an riga an tattara 'ya'yan itatuwa da berries, lokaci ne da za a kula da na gaba kakar a cikin fall. Yi la'akari da shi - kuma tsire-tsire za su gode maka saboda yawan amfanin su.
Yadda za a ciyar da 'ya'yan itace: reviews
Lokacin da ake ciyarwa, itace ba zai ƙulla launi ba kuma bazai kawo karin 'ya'ya zuwa balaga ba.Amma a lokacin da aka bazara a watan Agusta da Satumba, idan akwai cewa akwai mai yawa apples da zafi ba tare da ruwa sama ba, yawan amfanin ƙasa ya fi girma, saboda to, itacen bai zubar da girbi ba.
Har ila yau, mun sake yin rani, a cikin watan Agustan Satumba, na suturta SS tare da sashi a ƙarƙashin itace don dare sau 2 a mako, maƙwabcin mahaifina ba ya ambaliya. Ya SS ya bar kome a ƙarshen watan Agustan (amma watakila saboda asu, kuma ba kawai saboda zafi ba, kakan ya yi jinkiri kuma bai ƙaddamar da shi ba), ban dushe ba.
Zan gaya muku - babu wani abu mafi muni fiye da ganin gushewar (ƙasar ba ta gani ba saboda apples) daga Northern Synaph razdolbaystvo a karshen watan Agusta. Sa'an nan a cikin 20s (!!!) na Satumba (!!!) Na ga - kakan yana tafiya a kusa da itacen kuma yana dauke da 'yan' yan kuran da suka rage tare da mawallafi akan sanda. Na fara yi dariya. Wani misalin abin da ya shuka wawa shine mafi kyawun nau'in apple na Apple (marigayi mahaifina ya dasa SS a cikin 92 na biyu da kansa da maƙwabcinsa) - wawa = rashin hankali ba zai iya samun girbi ba.
Na tuba: a karo na farko a cikin shekaru 25, wannan shekara na yi tausayi kan Arewacin Sinap kuma na fitar da wasu 'yan karamar kwari a ƙarƙashinsa kuma in haƙa - itacen zai ci gaba, tun daga wannan lokacin babu wani ganye a bayyane daga bayan apples.
A hanyar, tare da la'akari da ban ruwa: Na fara ruwa da bishiyoyi: Ligol lokacin rani na ƙarshe ya ba da mita 1-1.5 daga ban ruwa da kuma ... Kuma ba guda apple a cikin dukkan itatuwa uku ba.
Mutum a titi
//forum.vinograd.info/showpost.php?p=1380477&postcount=66
a fall sun hadu da takin mai magani na potash (nitrogen zuwa karamin). Ta hanyar kimiyya - ya zama dole a senatri. Amma har yanzu ba a latti ba. Har ila yau, na maimaita lokaci mai kyau, zan yi farin cikin wannan karshen mako.Yulia_novy
http://www.stroimdom.com.ua/forum/showpost.php?p=2484603&postcount=5
Idan an yi amfani da takin mai magani a lokacin dasa, to, ya isa ya ƙara phosphate da kayan daɗaɗɗa a cikin bazara, wannan ya kamata a yi kafin cirewa ƙasa. 2-3 zane-zane ya kamata a zubar cikin mita ɗaya, ko kuma ɗaya daga cikin jerin kwakwalwan phosphate da mita ɗaya. A cikin bazara, shi ne mafi kyau ga takin da urea. 1/3 часть спичечного коробка в апреле, до того, как разрыхлите почву, столько же в мае в период, столько же в мае, до того, как деревья зацветут, для того, чтобы улучшить количество завязывающих плодов и 1/3 спичечного коробка в июне в период активного цветения.wheat
//agro-forum.net/threads/1329/#post-6115
