Cherry yana da kyau sosai a cikin manoma a yau. Mutane da yawa suna son dandano na asali da jin dadi mai kyau da m berries.
Daya daga cikin nau'in nau'in ceri ne sa Morozovka.
Cherry Morozovka na sha'awar gourmets don dandano mai kyau, kuma ya ba da amsa daga masu lambu, shi ma mai kyau ne, cikakken bayani game da iri-iri da kuma hoto na 'ya'yan itace suna cikin labarin.
Tarihin kiwo da yankin kiwo
Ƙididdigar ƙwayoyi na Morozovka (na biyu sunan Morozovskaya) an bred a Rasha tare da ido a kan tsarin kimiyya da yanayin yanayi na yankin tsakiyar kasar, wanda yake daban m sauyin yanayi da sanyi sanyi.
Bisa ga bukatun hunturu na hunturu da aka sanya a kan wadannan nau'in 'ya'yan itace, shekaru masu yawa a cikin shekarun 1980 da aka kiyasta aikin aikin kiwo Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Ciyayi da Nursery ta Rasha. I.V. Michurin (Michurinsk, Tambov yankin).
Da iri-iri na da sunansa ba kawai saboda tsayayya da sanyi ba, har ma da sunan marubucin - Tamara Morozova, sanannen masani a fagen dutse.
Ayyukan shine ya halicci nau'o'in da za su dace da yanayin hawan yanayi na tsakiya na Rasha kuma za a gane da yawan ƙarfin hunturu na hunturu, yawan amfanin ƙasa mai kyau, kayan dadi mai dadi, kananan girma da kuma ƙara juriya ga fungal cuta coccomycosis.
An samo Frostbite ta hanyar giciye iri-iri irin su Lyubskaya da Vladimirskaya.
Bugu da ƙari, tsaba na Vladimirskaya kafin hayewa sun bi da su a lokacin da aka ƙaddara tare da kwayoyin ethyleneimine na mutagenic (EI) a zauren nau'in 0.025%.
An gabatar da littafin Morozovka a shekarar 1988 zuwa gwaje-gwaje na jihar.
Irin wadannan iri kamar Turgenevka, Kharitonovskaya, Shokoladnitsa, Shubinka ana nufin su yi noma a yankin tsakiya.
Irin wannan fata na cherry Morozovka
Cherry Morozovka yana da halaye masu zuwa:
Tree
Differs a low ko matsakaici tsawo, a mafi yawan lokuta shuka tsawo ba ya wuce mita 2.5.
Kambi da rassan. Isa wide, tashe. Ana halin da kauri mai tsayi kuma yana da siffar kusa da kwallon. Formed da ɗan wilted rassan. A babban gangar jikin da kwarangwal rassan kambi yana samar da haushi mai launin ruwan kasa.
Harbe. Shuka mai girma, launin toka-kore. Suna samar da ƙananan ƙananan lenticles. A kan ƙananan buds an kafa, a cikin kwane-kwane kama da kwai, wanda, tasowa, karkata daga harbe.
Bar. An bambanta su da wani launi mai duhu, tare da mai launi mai ban sha'awa, a gindi - tare da ƙaramin ƙararrawa. Harshen takardun sigar takarda yana kama da ƙwararriyar ƙira. A gefuna daga cikin ganyayyaki, akwai nau'in jigilar bicuspid, maɓallin shinge kanta ne mai santsi. Ana ajiye ganye a kan dogon lokaci ba tare da lokacin farin ciki ba.
Flowers Furen, a maimakon haka babba a cikin girmansa, sune fatal da fararen launi. Dates na fata ceri Morozovka kiyasta matsayin matsakaici.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari
Babban dukiyar wannan itacen - 'ya'yansa - yana da siffar zagaye da launin launi mai duhu.
Cikakke nauyin Berry ya kai 4-5 grams a matsakaici. Ana sa 'ya'yan itatuwa akan bishiyar ta hanyar isasshen tsawo.
Duk da haka, tare da girgiza na inji, 'ya'yan itatuwa zasu iya karya kashe kara. A cikin jikin mai duhu mai dadi mai launin ƙwallon ƙaƙa, wanda shine sauƙin rabu da shi daga cerin ɓangaren ceri. A fata babu alamun halayen da alamu.
Hotuna
Halaye na iri-iri
Wannan ceri ya kasance mafi yawan yawan nau'ikan iri iri - Kategorien 'yan jari-hujja.
Halin halayyar irin wannan tsire-tsire shine rashin amfani da su don yin takin mai amfani tare da taimakon kansu na furanni na furanni.
Don haka al'ada ta iya girma, girma da kuma 'ya'ya, a cikin gaggawa kusa da shi wajibi ne don dasa bishiyoyi masu fariya.
Mafi kyawun pollinators ga iri-iri Morozovka dauke Griot Michurinsky, Zhukovskaya, Lebedyanskaya.
Wadannan pollinators suna da matukar tasiri, koda a yanayin yanayin rashin talauci da kuma rashin aiki na ƙudan zuma.
A} ar} ashin yanayin bishiya fara kai 'ya'yan itace a kan shekara ta 3-4 bayan dasa shuki da seedlingwanda ya ba da dalili don daidaita wannan iri-iri kamar skoroplodny. A cikin gida na kiwo, a Michurinsk, 'ya'yan itatuwa na matsakaicin lokaci na maturation za a iya tattarawa a rabi na biyu na watan Yuli.
Tare da kulawa mai kyau da yanayin yanayi mai kyau, na yau da kullum Yanayin yana cikin matsakaicin iyakar 50-65 quintals a kowace hectare.
Har ila yau, ana nuna yawan amfanin ƙasa a wannan zamani, Rossoshanskaya Black, Ural Ruby da Tsarevna.
Kyakkyawan yawan rayuwaisa high yawan amfanin ƙasa kuma m dandano kuma ilimin halitta na 'ya'yan itatuwa Wasu kaddarorin jiki na Morozovka suna taimakawa.
Musamman, itace na wannan nau'i yana nuna babban mataki damuwa da fari da damun hunturu. Ya kamata a lura cewa dukiya na ƙarshe ba ta da muhimmanci a duk sassan shuka.
Hakanan yanayin zafi yana da damuwa da furanni da furanni na wannan ceri, wanda zai iya daskare da mutuwa a lokacin hunturu mai sanyi da ma da wasu kullun dawowa, sau da yawa ana rubuta su a yankunan arewacin kasar Rasha.
High hunturu hardiness kuma nuna ta Volochaevka, Shokoladnitsa da Zhukovskaya iri.
Babban babban nau'in nau'i-nau'i ne mai sauƙi ga vibration. Wannan yana nufin cewa 'ya'yan itacen Frost na iya jure wa tsawon motsi sosaiwannan yana da mahimmanci ga tanadar kayan aiki na zamani zuwa kasuwanni na noma. Duk wannan ya sa wannan ceri a duniya tare da kyawawan kayan fasaha na 'ya'yan itace.
Halin sunadaran sun hada da Morozovka kamar haka:
| Haɗuwa | Yawan |
|---|---|
| Sugar | 10,5% |
| Acids | 1,37% |
| Ascorbic acid | 30 MG / 100 g |
Masana sun ce game da babban amfani na cin 'ya'yan itatuwa na wannan nau'in.
Bugu da ƙari, acid ascorbic, wakokin Morozov suna da matukar wadata a cikin kwayoyin halitta da kayan shafa, masu mahimmanci macro-microelements, abubuwa na pectin, bitamin daban-daban.
Dietitians bayar da shawarar ba kawai cin sabo ne cherries, amma kuma yin daban-daban compotes lafiya, jams da jams daga gare su.
Ya kamata a lura cewa itatuwan wannan itace suna da matukar shahararren matsayin tushen kayan abinci na musamman don shirye-shiryen kayan abinci daban-daban, da kuma abubuwan sha giya (masu ruwa da giya).
Kuma wannan ya zama mai ganewa, tun da 'ya'yan Morozovka, sunyi girma, sun samo kyakkyawar dandano da "dandano".
Ƙungiyar Rediyoyi masu nau'in kayan zane, wadanda sukayi dadi mai dadi da ƙananan ƙuƙwararsu, ya zama mai dadi sosai. Bugu da ƙari, 'ya'yan itatuwa ba su daina dandano, ko da a lokacin dafa abinci da magani.
Musamman ma sun kasance irin su Volochaevka, Moscow Griot da Lighthouse.
Dasa da kulawa
Don ci gaba mai kyau na shuka a duk tsawon rayuwarsa yana da mahimmanci a zabi wurin da zai dace don dasa shuki.
Saboda haka wuri na dama ga Morozovka wata ƙasa ce mai kyau wadda take shayar da danshi kuma yana da kyau. (amma ba tare da samfurin sanyi ba). Hakika, ya kamata a yi masa haske ta hasken rana.
Har ila yau wajibi ne a yi la'akari da cewa ƙwayoyi iri-iri iri iri na Morozovka basu jure wa ruwa mai mahimmanci, wanda yake da damuwa tare da tsinkayar tushen tsarin lokacin lokacin ruwan sama. Saboda wannan dalili, dole ne a bayar da malalewa - magudanar ruwa mai yawa daga wurin tasowa.
Hanyar al'ada Morozovka ta faru ne ta grafting da budding. Hanyoyin da aka sare na kore cututtuka kusan 70%.
Girbi seedlings a cikin fall, amma suna dasa a cikin bazara. Kasashen suna fadi. tare da tsaka-tsakin acidity. Da kyau matasa shuka a kan yashi, sandy kasa da loams.
Bayan zabar ƙasa mai dacewa don dasa, ya kamata ka yi tunani game da yadda aka rarraba seedlings a cikin gonar gonar. Domin itatuwa su ci gaba sosai, a tsakanin su akwai wajibi ne don tsayayya nesa a cikin kewayon daga 2.5 zuwa 3.5 m.
Sa'an nan kuma an kafa rami na saukowa. Kowane irin fossa ya kamata diamita 50-60 cm da zurfin 40-50 cm. Ƙasa da aka samo a lokacin digging an hade shi da taki (humus), karamin adadin chloride potassium, ash, superphosphate. Idan kasar gona tana da babban yumbu abun ciki, yana da kyawawa don ƙarawa 1-1.5 buckets na talakawa yashi.
Bayan kafa sapling a cikin rami, an dasa shi a jikinsa, an dasa ƙasa da gangar jikin. A radius 20-30 cm daga gangar jikin daga ƙasa ta samar da wata radial shaft. A cikin jaka kamar haka ya halitta zuba 2-3 buckets na ruwan sanyi mai tsabta.
A ƙasa da sank bayan watering ne mulched da cakuda humus da sawdust. Don kyakkyawar sakamako, wani ɓangaren ciyawa da ke kare ƙasa daga bushewa ya kamata ya zama akalla 2-3 cm lokacin farin ciki.
Tsarin kula da shuka a duk tsawon lokacin ci gaba da ci gaba shi ne Komawa da kuma girke ƙasa, da kuma a aikace-aikace na zamani na takin mai magani.
Ya kamata a tuna da shi a nan cewa a yanayin saukan ƙwayoyi masu ma'adinai a lokacin dasa, ba a gabatar da abinci a cikin shekaru masu zuwa ba.
Har ila yau, wani muhimmin mahimmanci na kulawa da kyawawan cherries Morozovka shine kulawa akai-akai game da yanayin kambinsa, kuma, idan ya cancanta, dilution. Har ila yau rassan rassan kuma a yayin da harbe ya zama tsayi (50 cm ko fiye).
Idan ba ku aiwatar da wadannan hanyoyi ba, za'a iya rage tsawon lokacin aikin na rassan furanni, kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa zasu kasance mafi ƙanƙanta kuma sun rasa halayen haɓaka.
A nan za ku bukaci tunawa da haka Ana iya yin gyaran kambi kawai tare da isowa na bazara, makonni uku kafin buds ya kara.
Cututtuka da kwari
Ya kamata a lura cewa saboda sakamakon zabi na Morozovka a cikin mahimmanci ga cututtukan cututtuka, an samu nau'o'in nau'i mai yawa.
A kowane hali, masana da yawa sun gano kusan zero mai saukin kamuwa da wannan ceri ga coccomycosis da kuma babban juriya na iri-iri zuwa wasu cututtuka 'ya'yan itace mai ban sha'awa.
Dabbobi Lebedyanskaya, Malinovka da Novella sun nuna kyakkyawan juriya ga cututtuka na fungal.
Duk da haka, kamar sauran itatuwan ceri, Morozovka sosai ƙaunar da dukan rodents. Wadannan kwari, hana abinci mai sauƙi a cikin hunturu, ciyar da haushi da rassan.
Don kare mutanen da ke girma, an ba da katako da rassan su don hunturu don kunshe kowane abu mai mahimmanci.
Dukansu sabo ne kuma a cikin nau'i na jam ko compote, mai kyau da kyau Morozovka zai ba mutumin da ya ba da gudummawa a cikin aikinta da rai mai farin ciki.
