Shuka amfanin gona

Coral begonia: kulawa, pruning da kiwo

Begonia wani furen na cikin gida ne, wanda ke girma a cikin kananan gidaje kuma a cikin manyan greenhouses, inda shuka ya kai mita biyu. Akwai kimanin 1600 nau'in a duniya, kuma a yau zamu tattauna akan daya daga cikin su. Za ku koyi abin da murjani begonia shine, yadda ya bambanta da wasu nau'in, yadda za a shuka shi daidai kuma yadda za a samu shuka mai kyau.

Bayanan Botanical

Coral begonia - Wannan shi ne nau'i nau'i na tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, wanda ke da nauyin jigon halittar Begonia Gwaninta na kanji ya zo mana daga gandun daji na wurare na Brazil, inda furen ke tsiro har zuwa mita 1.5 na tsawo. A gida, shrub yana da tsawo na 0.6-1 m.

Fure yana da tushe mai tushe, zane-zane mai laushi za a iya fentin shi a cikin tabarau na kore, da wani tsari dabam, tsayinsa har zuwa 20 cm, kuma fadin ya kai kimanin 7 cm. Halin siffofin launi na iya zama m, tsalle, ko elongated.

Ƙara koyo game da bambanci na begonias, da kuma irin irin kula da kake bukata don tuberous, sarauta, ampelnoe, Bolivian begonia.

Gudun ruwan 'ya'yan itace

Yawancin lokaci, ruwan ya fāɗi a cikin lokacin bazara, amma, yanayin yanayin yanayin zafi, begonia zai iya shuka a kowane lokaci na shekara. An kafa buds daga ratsan tsirrai, wanda aka fentin su a wasu launuka masu launin ja (sosai da fari). Inflorescences yi kama da tsummoki na Berry.

Irin wannan begonia ana darajarta daidai saboda furanni masu ban sha'awa da basu da ƙanshi. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa flower stalks ba kawai mai m wari, amma kuma mai kyau dandano, wanda ya ba sourness.

Orchids, hoyas, zigokaktus, klerodendrum, hibiscus, gloriosa, pelargonium, euphorbia, violet, crossander, geranium Bloom da kyau.

Girman murjani mai laushi a gida

Yanzu bari muyi magana game da yanayin da ake bukata don inganta fure a gida. Za mu fahimci manyan alamun.

Substrate da taki

Hanyar mafi sauki ita ce saya ƙasa da aka yi da shirye-shirye ga 'yan violets a kantin kayan shagon, tun da gano matakan don ƙasa mafi kyau a yankunan birane yana da matsala. Idan kana so ka yi wani sifa, zakayi buƙatar kashi 1 na peat, 1 ɓangaren takin, 1 ɓangare na kogin yashi (m) da kashi biyu na gonar lambu (Layer babba). Tabbatar tabbatar da ƙasa a ƙasa na farfajiyar tukunyar man fetur na ƙanana ko ƙananan pebbles. Ya kauri ya zama akalla 1.5 cm.

Game da takin mai magani, babu buƙatar su idan kun canza matsin kowace shekara. A zahiri, zaka iya ciyar da shuka tare da dan Adam, wanda ya ba da ma'adinai mai dacewa ga shuka.

Haskewa

Don fure yana da muhimmanci ma babu hasken rana kai tsaye, wanda zai haifar da ƙonewa akan ganye. Sanya tukunya ya kamata su fadi ne kawai hasken rana. Ƙaƙamaccen shading amma ba mai karfi ba ne.

A cikin inuwa, adiant, chlorophytum, clivia, monstera, anturium, spathyllum, ficus, aspidistra za su ji daɗi.
Har ila yau, kada ku damu da shuka, to ya kasance a gefen arewacin, inda begonia ke ƙone ba ya barazana.

Zazzabi

Nan da nan ya kamata a ce cewa begonia ba ya jure wa zane-zane, saboda abin da ya fara ciwo da shafawa. Saboda wannan dalili, ya kamata a sanya shi a wani wuri inda iska ya wuce kadan.

Amma ga zafin jiki, ya kamata a cikin kewayon 17-25 ° C. Idan a cikin hunturu yanayin zazzabi ya sauko kasa 13 ° C, flower zai iya mutuwa.

Yana da muhimmanci! An hana yin tukunya a kusa da iska ko fan.

Kula: danshi da watering

Mun juya zuwa kula da furen, kuma fara da danshi da watering.

Don kada kuyi kuskuren da zai haifar da mutuwar shuka, ya kamata ku riƙa tunawa da wannan: ya fi kyau kada ku shayar da fure sau ɗaya fiye da cika shi gaba ɗaya.

Gaskiyar ita ce, Begonia na da nama ta hanyar da ta kawar da lalacewa. Duk da haka, tare da ragi na yau da kullum na sauri, tushen tsarin ya lalace, wanda ya sa flower ya bushe. Hakika, ba zai iya yiwuwa shuka ya rayu ba tare da ruwa ba, amma zai zama sauƙi don "reanimate" begonia, wanda ya daɗe ba tare da ruwa ba, fiye da tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire.

A lokacin rani ya kamata ku rika shayar da shuka a kai a kai. Idan saman 2 cm na substrate ya bushe - yana da daraja moistening kasar gona. Idan suna rigar - yana nufin cewa yana da daraja a jira kadan tare da ban ruwa. A cikin hunturu, adadin ruwan da aka gabatar ya iyakance, musamman idan dakin da zafin jiki ya sauke zuwa mafi ƙarancin da aka bayyana a sama. A wannan yanayin, wani abu mai laushi, ko ma maras muhimmanci, zai haifar dashi daga tushen sa, wanda zai haifar da bayyanar cututtuka daban-daban.

Pruning

Ana yin gyaran ƙanshi duka don sake sake shuka, kuma don tabbatar da ɓangaren da aka samo asali.

Hanyoyin da kuma tsintsa za a iya shirya su a cikin nau'i na ball, ko dala ko daji. Ya kamata ka fara pruning ne kawai lokacin da kara ya kai 10 cm cikin tsawon. Ka rage zuwa tsawon da kake buƙatar, to, jira har sai gefen harbe ya girma don ka iya kammala aikin shinge.

Idan ba ku so ku shiga cikin rassan daji, to, yana da isa sau daya a shekara don gudanar da wani tsufa na tsufa. Bayan ƙarshen hunturu, dukkanin mai tushe ya kamata a rage ta yadda tsayinsa ba zai wuce mita 7. Anyi wannan ne don fara tsari na ci gaba da cigaba da sabon harbe.

Shin kuna sani? A shekara ta 1920, an ambaci wani tauraron dan adam bayan begonias. Wannan sunan da aka bai wa jikin ruhaniya ta Jamus mai ba da labari astronomer Carl Reinmuth.
Don yin nasarar cin nasara, ku kula da wasu hanyoyi:

  1. Trimming ne yake aikatawa na musamman tare da wuka mai kaifi. Zai fi dacewa amfani da wuka da aka yi, kamar yadda yake kama da kai tsaye ga razor.
  2. Bambancin jigilar hatsi mafi kyawun ba a yanke su ba, amma kawai don shiga cikin raguwa da karfi.
  3. Bayan pruning, baza ku iya canza zafin jiki ba, in ba haka ba za a fara fara cutar da shuka ba.

Kiwo

Ka yi la'akari da hanya mafi sauƙi ga asalin murjani begonia, wanda zai ba ka damar samun kayan ingancin kayan shuka mai kyau.

Na farko muna buƙatar muyi tsire-tsire masu ganye (leaf da kafa, wanda yake da shi) daga tsakiya na tushe. Ƙananan ganye ne mafi kyau kada su yi amfani da su.

Gaba, sanya sashi a ruwa mai tsabta a zazzabi mai ɗorewa ba tare da wani addittu ba. Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci mun duba gaban kananan asali. Da zarar tushen ya kai tsawon 1 cm, yana yiwuwa a dasa a cikin substrate. Yayin da aka yi amfani da maɓallin da aka yi amfani da ita don dasa shuki mai shuka.

Yana da muhimmanci! Don hana takardar da aka dasa a cikin ƙasa, ya kamata a rufe kasan daji da itace ash.

Bayan dasa, ku rufe tukunya da gilashin gilashi ko yanke kwalban. Don haka za ku sami tsire-tsire mai karfi, saboda za ku iya samar da yanayi na greenhouse.

Cututtuka da kwari

Bari mu fara tare da cututtuka na shuka, sannan muyi magana game da kwari.

Gishiri mai laushi. Wannan cututtuka ta haifar da wani naman gwari cewa hare-haren begonia yana tasowa a yanayin zafi da zafi. Kwayar tana faruwa ne akan gaskiyar cewa a kan ganyayyaki suna nuna launin fata na nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'i, wanda ba da daɗewa ba ya juya zuwa kwalliyar rufe duk faranti. Bayan dan lokaci, ganye zasu fara lalacewa, kuma gajerun kafafu sun karya. Idan ba tare da magani ba, begonia da sauri ya yi hasara kuma ya mutu.

An fara yin magani ta hanyar amfani da ruwa na Bordeaux, wanda ba shi da haɗari ga mutane idan aka yi amfani da su a ɗaka. Yi bayani na 1%, sa'an nan kuma bi da sashin iska. Yana da muhimmanci cewa bayan yin aiki da microclimate bace, wanda ya haifar da bayyanar naman gwari (yana da muhimmanci don rage zafi). Idan Bordeaux ba zai taimaka ba, ana kula da shuka tare da fungicide ("Fundazole").

Yana da muhimmanci! Yin aiki tare da sunadarai masu karfi an yi ne kawai a cikin iska mai tsabta.

Kuskuren kwayar cutar. A cewar taken, cutar ta haifar da kwayoyin cuta. Haka kuma cutar tana nuna kanta a cikin nau'i mai ƙananan ruwa wanda yake rufe launi. Abin takaici, wannan rashin lafiya ba a bi da shi ba, don haka an shirya shuka tare da ƙasa, kuma ana yin tukunyar da tukunya ko sau da yawa.

A matsayin ma'auni m, ana amfani da dakatar da oxychloride a 5%, wanda aka sarrafa wasu tsire-tsire a cikin gidan. An yi maganin sau biyu tare da hutu na kwanaki 15.

Je zuwa kwari.

Shchitovki. Kwaro na kwari da ke shafar yawancin tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Yana da ƙananan kwari, wanda yake samuwa a jikin ganyen shuka kuma ana iya cirewa ta hannu ba tare da lalata ganyayyaki ba. Za'a iya gane samin kayan ado a cikin wani kayan shafa a kan ganye da kuma mai tushe. Wannan shi ne asarar kwari, wanda ya haifar da bayyanar naman gwari.

Don halakar da kwaro an yi amfani da aikin sarrafa kwari ("Aktellik", "Aktara").

Yana da muhimmanci! Idan shuka ba ta yi girma ba, yana da rashin abinci. Har ila yau, inji ba zai yi fure ba bayan cutar ko kwari. Rashin furanni ba yana nufin cewa Begonia ba shi da lafiya tare da wani abu.

Gizo-gizo mite Wadannan ƙananan kwari suna samuwa a ciki na takardar, don haka ba za'a iya gano su nan da nan ba. Bayan bayyanar mites, wani shafin yanar gizon yana iya bayyanawa akan ganyen shuka, wanda qwai da larvae zasu iya zama.

Gizon gizo-gizo mai tsari ne (yana ciyarwa a kan tsire-tsire na shuka), - saboda haka, a gaban babban mallaka, begonia zai fara raguwa da kuma kayan abinci, wanda sakamakonsa ya mutu.

Zaka iya halakar da kwaro ta hanyar mahimmanci kamar garkuwa. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da maganin sabulu da ke taimakawa tare da kamuwa da rashin ƙarfi.

Ƙara koyo game da wanda kuma abin da zai iya cutar da damuwa.

Bar fada: abin da za a yi idan ganye foliage

Idan tsire-tsire ya saukad da launi - yana nufin cewa wani abu ya ɓace. Mass da aka fado daga ganye a cikin hunturu yana nufin cewa dakin ya yi sanyi sosai kuma begonia zai daskare. Don tsayar da furen daga rasa ganye, ya ishe don tada yawan zafin jiki.

Wataƙila watakila Begonia ya fita, kamar dai ba ku shayar da shi ba na dogon lokaci. Wannan matsala ta auku ne lokacin da furen ke cikin ɗakin. Ayyukan iskar gas sun cutar da shi, sabili da haka ana "bi da" ta hanyar canja wurin begonias zuwa wani daki.

Idan ganye ya mutu kafin ya fadi, yana nufin cewa nematode ya zauna a kan begonias. Ba kome ba ne don yaki da shi, don haka kayi shuka da ƙasa a wuri-wuri.

Shin kuna sani? A {asar Japan, an yi amfani da begonia na musamman, wanda aka gabatar da shi ga jagoran kungiyar ta DPRK. Bambancin iri iri iri shine tsire-tsire ta fara farawa a ranar haihuwar Kim Jong Il, Fabrairu 16.

Don haka, yanzu ku san yadda za ku shuka da kuma girma coral begonia daidai, matsalolin da za su iya tashi da yadda za a magance su. Ka tuna cewa mafi yawan matsalolin da ke faruwa daga rashin kulawa mara kyau. Sai kawai wasu cututtuka na iya yada daga wasu tsire-tsire. Saboda wannan dalili, dole ne ku bi ka'idodin tsarewa, don haka kada ku ciyar kuɗi don magance cututtuka da kwari.